Utility of the 3‐Vessel and 3‐Vessel and Trachea Views in Prenatal Diagnosis of a Pulmonary Artery Sling

A pulmonary artery (PA) sling is a very rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly, and only a few studies have reported PA slings in fetuses. The relationship of the PA, aorta, ductus arteriosus, and trachea can be evaluated in the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views during fetal echocardiography. A PA sling can be detected by abnormal positioning of the left PA in relation to the trachea when sweeping from the 3‐vessel view cranially to the 3‐vessel and trachea view. Here we report 3 cases of fetal PA slings and their follow‐ups. Two cases were confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, and the other case was confirmed by a cardiovascular cast after pregnancy termination. We emphasize that the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views are of crucial importance in the prenatal diagnosis of a PA sling.     

苏州科技城医院:科技与生态同步建设六部曲

苏州科技城医院坐落于苏州高新区太湖之滨,由苏州高新区政府投资新建,是一所集医疗、科研、康复、预防于一体的三级综合性公立医院。医院占地面积140亩,总建筑面积180000m~2,总投资额16亿,设计床位1200张。医院于2013年9月29日奠基,2014年12月28日主体封顶,2016年4月正式投入使用,比预定日期提前了将近1年!     

Clinical significance of quantitative studies of cell nucleus in lymphocytes of the cerebrospinal fluid in leukemia]

The nuclear content, area and perimeter of the nucleus of lymphocytes in the C.S.F. were determined quantitatively by means of image analysis technique. 26 cases of central nervous system lymphocytic leukemia (CNLL), and 8 suspected cases were studied, other 56 cases who did not have leukemic and neoplastic diseases and had normal C.S.F. lymphocytes were taken as a control. Our data showed that all the mean nuclear content (MNC), mean nuclear area (MNA), mean nuclear perimeter (MNP), and the maximum and minimum nuclear contents of the 2 groups of former patients were obviously higher than those of the contral (P less than 0.01). These results presented suggestion that the image analysis technique can be used for differentiating the leukemic lymphocyte from normal one especially in suspected cases, and thus the diagnosis of CNLL might be improved.     

Immigrants et tuberculose : données épidémiologiques récentes

Immigrants, and especially those recently arrived in host countries, are a high-risk group for tuberculosis. In 2006 in France, nearly half of the new cases of tuberculosis were reported in this group. The incidence rate among people born abroad was about seven times higher than that observed in people born in France (38.9/10⁵ vs 5.2/10⁵). The incidence was also the highest in districts with a high proportion of socioeconomically vulnerable population, such as Paris and greater Paris area. The characteristics of French born and non-French born cases differed. Patients born abroad were less likely to have pulmonary tuberculosis (68.2% vs 78.2; p < 0.001) and were more likely to live in institutions (such as migrant shelters) and to harbor multiresistant tuberculosis strains. A national tuberculosis control program was launched in France in 2007, to decrease the prevalence of tuberculosis in targeted populations.     

长期居住海平面后藏族经受急性减压低氧时的体力活动能力

本研究从急性低氧对移居海平面后藏族的体力活动能力的影响来探索藏族的高原低氧适应机制。结果揭示藏族的最大体力负荷强度没有显著下降，最大氧耗和氧脉搏也没有明显变化，动脉血氧饱和度明显高于汉族，这更显示藏族对高原低氧适应机制有独特之处。推测可能是藏族在氧的摄取、传递和释放过程比汉族更有利于对高原低氧环境的适应。     

维持性血透患者的心理状态研究

研究我国血透患者的心理状况并进行针对性的心理治疗。方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL90-R)、多维度健康状况心理控制源量表(MHLC)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及终末期肾脏病(ESRD)患者专用的生活质量表对北京六个医院透析中心的92名维持性血透患者进行了心理状态的研究,并与美国及加拿大相同的研究进行了比较分析。结果 本组的血透存在着抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等心理障碍,出现心理障碍的比例显著高于美国同类患者(P<0.01),且焦虑的发生率高于美国同类患者(P<0.01)。这些障碍与MHLC中机遇项分(CED)显著相关(P<0.01)。EPQ中神经质项分高者倾向于发生抑郁、焦虑等心理障碍。本组的血透患者客观生活质量较加拿大同类患者低(P<0.01),但在总的生活满意度上没有显著性差异。生活质量与心理及躯体因素均呈显著相关,心理障碍与躯体症状也显著相关(P<0.01)。结论 本组的血透患者心理状态与美国加拿大同类患者相比既有相同之处,又有特殊之处。我们应该兼顾病人的躯体和精神两方面的健康,努力提高他们的生活质量。     

细胞内游离Ca2+在发育中大鼠皮层神经元无镁诱导惊厥性损伤中的作用

目的: 观察细胞内游离Ca2+([Ca2+]i)在培养的不同发育阶段皮层神经元无镁诱导惊厥性损伤中的作用,探讨惊厥性脑损伤年龄依赖性的可能机制.方法:体外培养6 d、17 d的胚胎大鼠皮层神经元用无镁细胞外液处理3 h,或于无镁处理前用NMDA(N-甲基-D-门冬氨酸)受体拮抗剂或Ca2+通道阻滞剂预处理,用MTT代谢率测定的方法检测神经元损伤,以Fluo-3作标记用激光共聚焦显微镜扫描的方法检测[Ca2+]i.结果:体外培养6 d、17 d的神经元单纯无镁组MTT代谢率较同期对照组降低.应用MK-801 10 μmol*L-1、AP-5 50 μmol*L-1、尼莫地平10 μmol*L-1预处理后再给无镁处理,培养6 d、17 d的神经元MTT代谢率均不同程度高于同期单纯无镁组.培养6 d、17 d的神经元相对荧光强度之间差异有显著性,两者与基线荧光强度比较差异亦有显著性.应用上述各种拮抗剂后,[Ca2+]i改变的峰值均明显低于同期单纯无镁组.结论: 在体外不同发育阶段的神经元,短暂无镁处理诱导惊厥样放电所引起的神经元线粒体功能损伤以及[Ca2+]i改变程度不同.这种[Ca2+]i改变的年龄依赖性可能是惊厥导致神经元损伤的年龄依赖性的机制之一.NMDA受体-Ca2+通道激活是导致这种[Ca2+]i改变及神经元损伤的关键环节.     

Recapitulation of fast skeletal muscle development in zebrafish by transgenic expression of GFP under the mylz2 promoter.

A 1,934-bp muscle-specific promoter from the zebrafish mylz2 gene was isolated and characterized by transgenic analysis. By using a series of 5' promoter deletions linked to the green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene, transient transgenic analysis indicated that the strength of promoter activity appeared to correlate to the number of muscle cis-elements in the promoter and that a minimal -77-bp region was sufficient for a relatively strong promoter activity in muscle cells. Stable transgenic lines were obtained from several mylz2-gfp constructs. GFP expression in the 1,934-bp promoter transgenic lines mimicked well the expression pattern of endogenous mylz2 mRNA in both somitic muscle and nonsomitic muscles, including fin, eye, jaw, and gill muscles. An identical pattern of GFP expression, although at a much lower level, was observed from a transgenic line with a shorter 871-bp promoter. Our observation indicates that there is no distinct cis-element for activation of mylz2 in different skeletal muscles. Furthermore, RNA encoding a dominant negative form of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A was injected into mylz2-gfp transgenic embryos and GFP expression was significantly reduced due to an expanded slow muscle development at the expense of GFP-expressing fast muscle. The mylz2-gfp transgene was also transferred into two zebrafish mutants, spadetail and chordino, and several novel phenotypes in muscle development in these mutants were discovered.