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1.
Gautam Chakrabarty Mayank Vashishtha Daniel Leeder 《Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma》2015,6(2):108-112
Polyethylene (PE) has been used extensively in knee arthroplasty since the mid 20th century. Progress in material manufacturing and processing has led to newer polyethylenes over last few decades with different material properties. It has been established that PE wear in knee arthroplasty causes particle induced osteolysis which is the main reason for late failure and requires revision surgery. Although there are various causes of wear, the properties of PE have long been a matter of investigation as a contributory factor. The advent of newer highly cross linked PE has been shown to improve wear rates in hip arthroplasty but the benefits have not been shown to be of the same degree in knee arthroplasty. The laboratory and clinical studies so far are limited and slightly conflicting in their conclusions. The risks of using highly cross linked PE in knee arthroplasty include tibial post fracture, disruption of locking mechanism, liner fracture which can lead to increased wear and osteolysis. The current evidence suggests that highly cross linked polyethylenes should be used with caution and only considered in younger active patients. The results of a recently completed randomized trial to compare the conventional with high molecular weight PE in knee arthroplasty are awaited. 相似文献
2.
Background
Despite significant pain relief following total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, a small subset of patients presenting with extra-articular extension contracture of hips remains unsatisfied.Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the patients with ankylosing spondylitis who underwent simultaneous bilateral THA and had extensor tightness of both hips preoperatively. They were managed with modified Z-plasty of iliotibial band. Patients with windswept deformity, commonly seen in bilateral hip arthritis caused by ankylosing spondylitis, were excluded.Results
Between July 2011 and June 2015, out of 148 patients with bilateral hip involvement, 10 patients (20 hips) had extension contracture of both hips that was addressed during surgery. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. They could sit comfortably on a chair of height 18 inches with hips and knees flexed to at least 90°. The mean postoperative sum range of motion was 144.6° with an average hip flexion of 95° (range, 90°-105°). None of them had recurrence of extension contracture. There was significant improvement in range of motion and hence ambulation and function. No radiolucent lines exceeding 2 mm were seen in any of the zones around either of the components as evaluated in latest X-rays.Conclusion
Extension contracture of hip although rare is a noticeable problem and needs to be addressed during THA. Modified Z-plasty technique of iliotibial band is a reliable method in managing these patients. 相似文献3.
Hagop Kantarjian Tapan Kadia Courtney DiNardo Naval Daver Gautam Borthakur Elias Jabbour Guillermo Garcia-Manero Marina Konopleva Farhad Ravandi 《Blood cancer journal》2021,11(2)
Progress in the understanding of the biology and therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is occurring rapidly. Since 2017, nine agents have been approved for various indications in AML. These included several targeted therapies like venetoclax, FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, and others. The management of AML is complicated, highlighting the need for expertise in order to deliver optimal therapy and achieve optimal outcomes. The multiple subentities in AML require very different therapies. In this review, we summarize the important pathophysiologies driving AML, review current therapies in standard practice, and address present and future research directions.Subject terms: Prognosis, Health services 相似文献
4.
5.
Surender Kumar Yachha Rakesh Aggarwal S Srinivas Anshu Srivastava Sanjay K Somani Srivenu Itha 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2006,25(3):132-135
BACKGROUND: We prospectively evaluated the usefulness of IgA tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA tTG) in the initial diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) and compared its diagnostic potential with that of IgA anti-endomysial antibodies (IgA EMA) and anti-IgA and IgG gliadin antibodies (AGA and AGG, respectively). METHODS: Sera of 23 untreated children fulfilling the revised ESPGHAN criteria for diagnosis of CD (Group I; mean age 10.8 y); 19 disease controls (Group II; mean age 8.5 y) presenting with chronic diarrhea, short stature or both; and 22 healthy children (Group III; mean age 8.8 y) were studied. These were tested in a blinded manner for AGA, AGG, IgA tTG (guinea pig as antigen) and IgA EMA. RESULTS: In Group I, IgA EMA was positive in 19, IgA tTG in 17, AGA in 14 and AGG in 17 patients. In Group II, these tests were positive in 1, 0, 2 and 14 patients, respectively and in Group III, in 0, 0, 0 and 1 child, respectively. Analyzing data from Group I and II, IgA EMA, IgA tTG, AGA and AGG had sensitivity rates of 83%, 74%, 61% and 74%, respectively; the specificity rates were 95%, 100%, 89% and 26%; positive predictive values were 95%, 100%, 88% and 55% and negative predictive values were 82%, 74%, 65% and 45%, respectively. CONCLUSION: IgA tTG is useful for the diagnosis of CD, with sensitivity and specificity rates comparable to those of EMA and this test is well suited for use in tropical countries like India. 相似文献
6.
There has been a remarkable change in the scenario of therapeutic apheresis in the last 14 years in India. The crude method of manual removal of blood followed by separation of plasma by gravity, keeping it in the bottle for a long time, has now been totally replaced by plasmapheresis, centrifugation, membrane filtration, and immunoadsorption techniques. The indications for use have also changed from a list of limited indications in the beginning to include all immune complex disorders. The clinical beneficiaries have also increased from blood bankers to nephrologists and immunologists in addition to oncologists. Efforts are now underway with the help of the Indian Society for Apheresis (founded in 1985) to popularize the newer methods of cryofiltration, photopheresis and heparin extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein (HELP) and DALI apheresis systems besides the specialized techniques of immunoadsorption using filters, columns, or ligands. This is suggestive of a positive trend for the treatment of immune complex disorders. 相似文献
7.
Pankaj Hari Anand Srivastava Arun Kumar Gupta Rajendra N. Srivastava 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1997,11(4):497-498
Acute renal failure (ARF) developed in a 7-week-old infant due to bilateral candidal bezoars (fungal balls) causing obstruction
at the pelviureteric junction. The baby was born at term with an appropriate birthweight, and had been treated with broad-spectrum
antibiotics for respiratory distress and septicemia during the 1st week of life. Recovery from ARF followed renal decompression
with bilateral nephrostomy tube placement and parenteral administration of amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine.
Received August 21, 1996; received in revised form and accepted January 3, 1997 相似文献
8.
Xiaoguang Chen Yi Li Lei Wang Mark Katakowski Lijie Zhang Jieli Chen Yongxian Xu Subhash C. Gautam Michael Chopp 《Neuropathology》2002,22(4):275-279
Intravenous administration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats provides functional benefit. We tested the hypothesis that these functional benefits are derived in part from hMSC production of growth and trophic factors. Quantitative sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of hMSCs cultured with normal and MCAo brain extracts were performed. hMSCs cultured in supernatant derived from ischemic brain extracts increased production of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). These neurotrophins and angiogenic growth factors increased in a post‐ischemia time‐dependent manner. The hMSC capacity to increase expression of growth and trophic factors may be the key to the benefit provided by transplanted hMSCs in the ischemic brain. 相似文献
9.
Of 132 children with bladder stones seen in 1 year, 94% were boys and 73% were aged between 1 and 5 years. Significant malnutrition and evidence of vitamin deficiency were absent. Wheat bread was the dietary staple, while the intake of milk and dairy products, eggs and meat was very low. Analysis of 29 stones showed them to consist mainly of calcium oxalate and uric acid, with small amounts of calcium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate in some cases. The composition of the surface and central parts of the stones, examined in 20 cases, was usually different. The nucleus was formed almost entirely of calcium oxalate and uric acid in four and three cases respectively, whereas the surface layers were composed of other ingredients. In another case the nucleus was composed entirely of xanthine, which indicated a diagnosis of xanthinuria. 相似文献
10.
Pratipal Singh Vivek Vijjan Manu Gupta Deepak Dubey Aneesh Srivastava 《International journal of urology》2007,14(6):558-560
Congenital thoracic ectopic kidney is a very rare developmental anomaly and the rarest form of all ectopic kidneys. It is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on routine chest radiography. Herein we reported the first case of staghorn stone in a thoracic kidney managed successfully by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 相似文献