全文获取类型
收费全文 | 523篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 6篇 |
妇产科学 | 13篇 |
基础医学 | 45篇 |
口腔科学 | 15篇 |
临床医学 | 36篇 |
内科学 | 145篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4篇 |
神经病学 | 21篇 |
特种医学 | 35篇 |
外科学 | 105篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 30篇 |
眼科学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 35篇 |
肿瘤学 | 59篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 20篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 38篇 |
2012年 | 53篇 |
2011年 | 60篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 24篇 |
2008年 | 45篇 |
2007年 | 41篇 |
2006年 | 34篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有553条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
Recent studies show comparable results of arthroscopic shoulder stabilization techniques compared with the gold standard open Bankart reconstruction. Great technical advances and ever-increasing surgeon experience have rendered pathology once deemed an indication for open surgery as treatable by arthroscopic means. With this movement toward a more universal application of all-arthroscopic techniques, we might consider the following question: Is there ever a need to open? To answer this question, we must first consider normal anatomy and then appreciate the contribution of deranged pathoanatomy to recurrent instability in each individual case. The surgeon must then determine whether this is best addressed via an arthroscopic or open technique. Arthroscopy, as compared with open stabilization procedures, holds the potential benefits of decreased morbidity rates, early functional rehabilitation, and improved range of motion. Despite potential advantages, arthroscopic stabilization is clearly contraindicated when a significant pathologic lesion contributing to recurrent instability cannot be adequately addressed as a result of the limitations of current techniques or instrumentation. On the basis of this principle, we believe that sizable glenohumeral bone defects remain the only absolute contraindication to an all-arthroscopic approach. Many complicating issues, such as attenuated capsule, humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament lesions, cases of revision surgery, and collision or contact athletes, exist and warrant close attention. We prefer to think of these situations as “challenges” for which both arthroscopic and open surgery should be considered, rather than as true contraindications to arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. We are, by no means, advocating arthroscopic treatment in all cases of shoulder instability, because this would represent a gross oversimplification of the issues at hand. However, we do acknowledge that the steadfast contraindications to arthroscopic shoulder stabilization are decreasing every day. 相似文献
2.
Fotios A. Asimakopoulos Nicholas J. White Elisabeth P. Nacheva & Anthony R. Green 《British journal of haematology》1995,92(1):127-130
Deletions of chromosome 20q are associated with myeloid malignancies and have been previously shown to arise in a multipotent progenitor of both myeloid and B cells. However, B-cell differentiation from the abnormal progenitor was impaired. The CD40 antigen is a surface glycoprotein which is expressed in B cells and haemopoietic stem cells and is important for B-cell growth and development. Following the recent mapping of CD40 to chromosome 20q we sought to determine its position relative to 20q deletions. Analysis of lymphoblastoid cell lines carrying 20q deletions placed CD40 within a 19–21 cM interval which is almost coincidental with the common deleted region defined by previous analysis of patient samples. Our results raise the possibility that genetic alteration of this locus may contribute to the pathogenesis of myeloid disorders associated with 20q deletions. 相似文献
3.
Tsopelas C 《Nuclear medicine and biology》2000,27(8):797-802
Chemical stability of the naphthol-azo dye Evans Blue (EB) was examined in the presence of acidic stannous chloride (SnCl2), with a view to preparing an instant cold kit. EB was found to be reactive toward this reducing agent, yielding the metal-chelating molecule 1,7-diamino-8-naphthol-2,4-disulfonic acid at high acidity and high stannous concentrations. This reduction reaction was undesirable in the cold kit preparation. The conditions were determined where reduction was inhibited, at pH = 5.0 and with a mole ratio of EB to SnCl2 = [10:1], effecting the facile preparation of stable cold kits. Successful 99mTc-labeling of an EB cold kit using these conditions resulted in the desired product with 98% radiochemical purity. Based on the radiolabeling efficiencies of chosen model compounds, it was rationalized that 99mTc metal predominantly coordinated with the 1-amino-8-hydroxy groups in the EB molecule to form 99mTc-EB. 相似文献
4.
5.
Athanasios Roumeliotis Vasilios Vaios Fotios Girtovitis Apostolos Karligkiotis Konstantinos Leivaditis Pantelis Zebekakis Vassilios Liakopoulos 《Seminars in dialysis》2020,33(4):338-342
The majority of vascular access thrombosis episodes in hemodialysis patients are due to anatomic abnormalities. Thrombophilias are inherited, acquired or mixed disorders which also predispose to venous thromboembolism. They include protein C, protein S and antithrombin deficiencies, as well as gene mutations for prothrombin and factor V Leiden. The most important of the mixed cases is hyperhomocysteinemia, which includes both a genetic and an acquired substrate. We report two patients undergoing hemodialysis who suffered from multiple thrombotic events, the first due to factor V Leiden heterozygosity and the second because of hyperhomocysteinemia due to homozygosity for MTHFR C677T mutation. As no site for vascular access was left, transfer to peritoneal dialysis for both patients improved solute clearance and quality of life with no additional thrombotic events noted. 相似文献
6.
Clonal haemopoiesis in normal elderly women: implications for the myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Kim M. Champion James G. R. Gilbert Fotios A. Asimakopoulos Stephen Hinshelwood & Anthony R. Green 《British journal of haematology》1997,97(4):920-926
Studies of X chromosome inactivation patterns are central to many aspects of our understanding of the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies. In patients with myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes the demonstration of skewed X inactivation patterns in multiple haemopoietic lineages has been taken to indicate a stem cell origin for these groups of diseases. However, stem cell depletion or selection pressures can also produce skewed X inactivation patterns and might increase with age. We have therefore used the HUMARA assay to study X inactivation patterns of elderly patients with myeloproliferative disorders together with an age-matched control group of normal elderly women. A clonal pattern (clonal granulocytes and polyclonal T cells) was observed in 23.1% of normal women and 63.4% of patients with myeloproliferative disorders. This is the first report of X inactivation patterns in purified subpopulations of blood cells in normal elderly women. These results have three significant implications. Firstly, the finding of clonal granulocytes and polyclonal T cells in normal elderly women is likely to reflect age-related stem cell depletion or selection pressures. Secondly, the demonstration of clonal granulocytes and polyclonal T cells is not a useful diagnostic marker for myeloproliferative disorders or myelodysplastic syndromes in elderly women. Thirdly, our data raise the possibility that clonal blood cell patterns may precede rather than follow mutations which subsequently give rise to myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative phenotypes. 相似文献
7.
Brundell S Tsopelas C Chatterton B Touloumtzoglou J Blefari C Hewett PJ 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》2003,46(5):637-642
INTRODUCTION: We have reported previously on an in vitro model to examine tumor cell adherence to metal and plastic laparoscopic ports and to port sites through which they had been passed. This demonstrated that increased numbers of tumor cells were found both on metal ports compared with plastic ports and on the port sites through which metal ports had passed. In this study, the in vivo adherence of such cells to ports and port sites was investigated.
METHODS: LIM 1215 tumor cells were injected under direct vision into the pelvises of 16 30-kg female pigs (range, 15–70 × 106 cells). A total of 12 ports were inserted through each anterior abdominal wall (6 metal and 6 plastic), and these were either left in situ for 30 minutes (nondisplaced) or were removed twice and replaced through the original wound (displaced).
RESULTS: Increasing the tumor cell inoculum resulted in increased deposition of tumor cells on both ports (P = 0.002) and on the port sites (P = 0.017). Significantly more tumor cells adhered to metal ports than to plastic ports (P = 0.04), although this failed to reach significance for the sites through which metal ports had been passed (P = 0.066). Although displacement of ports did not increase the number of tumor cells that adhered to ports (P = 0.45), this did result in more tumor cells being deposited on the port sites (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that minimizing the number of tumor cells within the abdominal cavity, using plastic ports, and securing ports to prevent inadvertent displacement would be expected to reduce the number of tumor cells deposited in port sites during operative laparoscopy. This may be beneficial in reducing the incidence of port-site metastases after laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Kyriacos I. Eleftheriou Jaikirty S. Rawal Lawrence E. James John R. Payne Mike Loosemore Dudley J. Pennell Michael World Fotios Drenos Fares S. Haddad Steve E. Humphries Julie Sanders Hugh E. Montgomery 《BONE》2013,52(1):17-26
BackgroundThe development of osteoporosis is influenced by peak bone mass attained in youth — the influence of lifestyle factors upon which is poorly described, especially amongst males. We sought to address this issue in a large scale study.MethodsHip bone mineral density (dual X-ray absorptiometry, DXA), bone microarchitecture (calcaneal quantitative ultrasound, QUS) and femoral geometry (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) were characterised in 723 healthy male military recruits (mean ± S.E. age 19.92 ± 0.09 years [range 16–18 years], height 177.67 ± 0.24 cm, weight 73.17 ± 0.37 kg) on entry to UK Army training. Association was sought with prior physical activity, smoking status and alcohol intake.ResultsDXA measures were made in 651, MRI measures in 650, and QUS measures in 572 recruits. Increasing levels of weight-bearing physical activity enhanced periostial bone apposition, increases in both total hip and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD; p ≤ 0.0001 in both cases), and cortical [p < 0.0001] and periostial bone volumes [p = 0.016]. Smoking habit was associated with preserved bone geometry, but worse BMD [p = 0.0001] and QUS characteristics [p ≤ 0.0005]. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with greater BMD [p ≤ 0.015].ConclusionsWhilst exercise (and perhaps moderate alcohol intake) is beneficial to bone morphometry, smoking is detrimental to bone mineral density in young males notable for the likely short duration of smoking to influence skeletal properties. However, differences in socio-economic status, lifestyle and related environmental factors may to some extent confound our results. 相似文献