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排序方式: 共有1712条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Imre W.K. Kouw Bart B.L. Groen Joey S.J. Smeets Irene Fleur Kramer Janneau M.X. van Kranenburg Rachél Nilwik Jan A.P. Geurts René H.M. ten Broeke Martijn Poeze Luc J.C. van Loon Lex B. Verdijk 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2019,20(1):35-42
Objectives
Short successive periods of skeletal muscle disuse have been suggested to substantially contribute to the observed loss of skeletal muscle mass over the life span. Hospitalization of older individuals due to acute illness, injury, or major surgery generally results in a mean hospital stay of 5 to 7 days, during which the level of physical activity is strongly reduced. We hypothesized that hospitalization following elective total hip arthroplasty is accompanied by substantial leg muscle atrophy in older men and women.Design and participants
Twenty-six older patients (75 ± 1 years) undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty participated in this observational study.Measurements
On hospital admission and on the day of discharge, computed tomographic (CT) scans were performed to assess muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of both legs. During surgery and on the day of hospital discharge, a skeletal muscle biopsy was taken from the m. vastus lateralis of the operated leg to assess muscle fiber type–specific CSA.Results
An average of 5.6 ± 0.3 days of hospitalization resulted in a significant decline in quadriceps (?3.4% ± 1.0%) and thigh muscle CSA (?4.2% ± 1.1%) in the nonoperated leg (P < .05). Edema resulted in a 10.3% ± 1.7% increase in leg CSA in the operated leg (P < .05). At hospital admission, muscle fiber CSA was smaller in the type II vs type I fibers (3326 ± 253 μm2 vs 4075 ± 279 μm2, respectively; P < .05). During hospitalization, type I and II muscle fiber CSA tended to increase, likely due to edema in the operated leg (P = .10).Conclusions
Six days of hospitalization following elective total hip arthroplasty leads to substantial leg muscle atrophy in older patients. Effective intervention strategies are warranted to prevent the loss of muscle mass induced by short periods of muscle disuse during hospitalization. 相似文献3.
H. J. J. Kars Juha M. Hijmans Jan H. B. Geertzen Wiebren Zijlstra 《Journal of diabetes science and technology》2009,3(4):931-943
The objective of this review is to identify and review publications describing the impact of reduced somatosensation on balance. Based on knowledge of the association between specific somatosensory loss and deterioration of balance, conclusions can be made about role of somatosensation in standing balance.A systematic literature review is presented in which publications from the years 1993 through 2007 were searched in Medline and Embase. Medical Subject Headings (MESH) terms and free text words (related to balance, somatosensory loss, and lower limb) were used to perform the searches. Fifteen articles were selected for detailed review based on predetermined inclusion criteria, and three of the included articles described the effect of experimentally reduced somatosensation on balance in healthy subjects. Ten of the articles described balance in diabetic neuropathy (DN). The last two included articles described balance in Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease type 1A (CMT1A) or type 2 (CMT2).The literature indicates that the tactile sensation is reduced in DN, CMT1A, and CMT2 and when the plantar surface of the feet was hypothermically anesthetized. Joint motion sensation seems to be impaired in patients with DN, and passive joint position sensation appears to be reduced in healthy subjects with anesthesia of ankle and foot from prolonged ischemia. This reduced somatosensation seems to have a negative effect on balance in patients with DN and CMT2; however, this appeared not to be the case in patients with CMT1A and in healthy subjects. 相似文献
4.
PET for evaluation of differential myocardial perfusion dynamics after VEGF gene therapy and laser therapy in end-stage coronary artery disease. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
René A Tio Eng S Tan Gillian A J Jessurun Nic Veeger Pieter L Jager Riemer H J A Slart Richard M de Jong Jan Pruim Geke A P Hospers Antoon T M Willemsen Mike J L de Jongste Ad J van Boven Dirk J van Veldhuisen Felix Zijlstra 《Journal of nuclear medicine》2004,45(9):1437-1443
The purpose of this study was to appraise the value of PET in the assessment of the effect of supposedly proangiogenic new therapies such as gene therapy with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and endomyocardial laser therapy. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with end-stage coronary artery disease and class III (Canadian Cardiovascular Society) angina were included. Myocardial ischemia was evaluated with dipyridamole PET scanning and exercise tolerance with bicycle ergometry. Ten patients were treated with naked plasmid DNA encoding for human VEGF165 (VEGF) and 12 patients were treated with laser therapy (direct myocardial revascularization [DMR]) using an electromechanical mapping system. Thirteen patients were treated with standard medical therapy (control). RESULTS: In both active treatment groups, angina was reduced in most subjects, except in 2 VEGF and 5 DMR patients. In the control group, no improvement in anginal classification was found, except in 3 subjects. On the PET scan, solely in the VEGF group, the stress perfusion was significantly improved (from 57 +/- 33 to 81 +/- 55 mL/min/100 g; P = 0.031). Furthermore, in the VEGF group, the number of ischemic segments was reduced from 274 +/- 41 to 234 +/- 48 segments (P = 0.004) but not in the DMR group (from 209 +/- 43 to 215 +/- 52 segments) or in the control group (from 218 +/- 18 to 213 +/- 28 segments). Bicycle exercise duration showed slight nonsignificant changes in the VEGF group (from 3.6 +/- 2.0 to 4.6 +/- 2.1 min), in the DMR group (from 5.1 +/- 1.5 to 4.7 +/- 1.3 min), and in the control group (from 3.3 +/- 1.8 to 3.5 +/- 2.3 min). CONCLUSION: PET showed that intramyocardial gene therapy with the human VEGF165 gene in contrast to laser DMR treatment effectively reduces myocardial ischemia. 相似文献
5.
M Zijlstra W L Vasmel M Voormanns R E de Goede H J Schoenmakers J Nieland R M Slater C J Melief 《The Journal of experimental medicine》1986,163(5):1213-1226
To study the role of class II MHC expression in mouse lymphomagenesis, we examined the cell surface expression of I-A/E antigens on 24 spontaneous or murine leukemia virus (MuLV)-induced mouse B10.A (I-Ak, I-Ek) B cell lymphomas. Two primary B10.A B cell lymphomas were observed with strong I-Ek expression but with only minimal cell surface I-Ak expression. Both tumors are readily transplantable in syngeneic mice, with maintenance of their I-A-, I-E+ phenotype. Strikingly, one I-A-, I-E+ B cell lymphoma contains a (11; 17) translocation with a breakpoint on chromosome 17 that is localized within or very close to the H-2 complex. DNA of both tumors contains normal restriction enzyme fragments of the A alpha and A beta genes. Northern blot analyses indicated that one I-A-, I-E+ tumor strongly expressed A alpha, E alpha, and E beta mRNAs but possessed only a weak expression of A beta mRNA. The other B cell lymphoma showed A beta, E alpha, and E beta mRNA expression but only minimal A alpha mRNA expression. In 11 primary B10.A B cell lymphomas with a normal I-A+, I-E+ phenotype, no imbalances in A alpha/A beta mRNA levels were observed. The implications of these findings for the role of class II MHC expression in mouse B cell lymphoma-genesis are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Blood volume and body fluid compartments in lambs with aortopulmonary left-to-right shunts.
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J W Gratama M Dalinghaus J J Meuzelaar A M Gerding J H Koers W G Zijlstra J R Kuipers 《The Journal of clinical investigation》1992,90(5):1745-1752
A left-to-right shunt is accompanied by an increased plasma and blood volume. Since this is likely realized through renin/aldosterone-mediated salt and water retention, other body fluid compartments may be changed too. Therefore, we studied blood volume and body fluid compartments by a single-injection, triple-indicator dilution technique in nine 8-wk-old lambs with an aortopulmonary left-to-right shunt (55 +/- 3% of left ventricular output; mean +/- SEM) and in 11 control lambs, 2.5 wk after surgery. Systemic blood flow was maintained at the same level as in control lambs, but the aortic pressure of the shunt lambs was lower. Blood volume in shunt lambs was larger than in control lambs (110 +/- 6 vs. 84 +/- 7 ml/kg, P < 0.001) through an increase in plasma volume, which correlated significantly with the magnitude of the left-to-right shunt (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Red blood cell volume was equal to that of control lambs. Evidence was obtained that the increase in plasma volume was induced by a transient increase in renin (8.0 +/- 2.2 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.2 nmol.l-1.h-1; P < 0.02) and aldosterone (0.51 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.09 nmol/liter) concentrations. Interstitial water volume, however, was not significantly different from that in control lambs. The amount of intravascular protein was significantly higher than in control lambs (5.0 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.5 +/- 0.2 g/kg body mass, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in intracellular and total body water volumes between the two groups. We conclude that the increased amount of intravascular protein confines the fluid retained by the kidneys to the vascular compartment. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
T. S. van der Werf P. O. M. Mulder J. G. Zijlstra D. R. A. Uges C. A. Stegeman 《Intensive care medicine》1997,23(8):873-877
Objective: Kinetics of piperacillin (pip), in combination with the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (taz) have been studied in volunteers
and patients in relatively stable conditions. The fixed drug preparation appeared to have ideal pharmacokinetic properties
if renal function was normal or slightly impaired, but no data are available for critically ill patients in anuric renal failure.
This study should provide such data. Patients, design: We studied the pharmacokinetics in nine patients with multiple organ failure, including anuric renal failure, treated with
continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Patients received a standard schedule of 4 g pip and 0.5 g taz administered
over 0.5 h intravenously, 8 hourly. During 2 consecutive days, the serum levels of both compounds were determined, and total
clearance (CIT) was calculated from serum concentrations. Results: All nine patients completed day 1, and 8 completed day 2 of the protocol. On day 1, single-dose kinetics showed considerable
spread, but pip/taz serum levels followed the pattern as expected, with a pip / taz concentration ratio of 20 : 1. On day
2, however, taz serum concentrations showed a relative increase as compared to pip, resulting in a change in the serum pip/taz
concentration ratio to 10 : 1 on day 2. The CIT of pip was 2.52 ± 1.38 l/h (t 1/2 : 5.9 ± 2.9 h), and CIT of taz 4.44 ± 2.28 l/h (t 1/2 : 8.1 ± 3.7 h). The CIT and t 1/2 of pip and taz correlated highly significantly with clearance by CVVH. Despite a higher CIT, taz has a longer half-life, because of a higher volume of distribution. Conclusion: In CVVH dependent patients, pip/taz fixed drug preparations can be used initially, but the pip dosage should be increased
relative to that of taz (or interval-adjusted) to prevent cumulation of taz, as compared to the active antimicrobial agent
pip.
Received: 19 February 1997 Accepted: 20 May 1997 相似文献
10.
Willis S Hutchins AM Hammet F Ciciulla J Soo WK White D van der Spek P Henderson MA Gish K Venter DJ Armes JE 《Genes, chromosomes & cancer》2003,36(4):382-392
Chromosome region 17q12-23 commonly shows an increase in DNA copy number in breast cancers, suggesting that several oncogenes are located at this site. We performed a high-resolution expression array and comparative genomic hybridization analysis of genes mapped to the entire 17q12-23 region, to identify novel candidate oncogenes. We identified 24 genes that showed significant overexpression in breast cancers with gain of 17q12-23, compared to cancers without gain. These genes included previously identified oncogenes, together with several novel candidate oncogenes. FISH analysis using specific gene probes hybridized to tissue arrays confirmed the underlying amplification of overexpressed genes. This high-resolution analysis of the 17q12-23 region indicates that several established and novel candidate oncogenes, including a Wnt-signaling pathway member, are amplified and overexpressed within individual primary breast cancer samples. We were also able to confirm the presence of two apparently separate and reciprocally amplified groups of genes within this region. Investigation of these genes and their functional interactions will facilitate our understanding of breast oncogenesis and optimal management of this disease. 相似文献