The Relationship between College Graduate’s Dual Self-Consciousness and Job Search Clarity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between college graduates’ dual self-consciousness, job search clarity and perceived stress, and reveal the mediating role of perceived stress between dual self-consciousness and job search clarity. In this study, 467 college graduates were investigated using the Dual Self-Consciousness Scale, Job Search Clarity Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. After controlling for gender, age, and region, the results revealed that: (1) private self-consciousness has a significant positive predictive effect on job search clarity; (2) perceived stress has a significant negative predictive effect on job search clarity; (3) perceived stress plays partial mediation effects between private self-consciousness and job search clarity; (4) perceived stress plays complete mediation effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity; (5) perceived stress has suppressing effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity.     

Occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance and R plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from children in the Sudan

The prevalence of resistance to six commonly-used antimicrobial agents in faecal coliforms from children in Khartoum, Sudan was studied. A relatively high prevalence of resistance was found, ranging from 96% of children with isolates resistant to ampicillin to 70% of children with isolates resistant to chloramphenicol. Seventy-seven percent of children had isolates with high-level resistance to trimethoprim (MIC greater than 1000 micrograms/ml). Twenty-nine different resistance patterns were found. Thirty-nine percent of the children had isolates resistant to all six antibiotics studied, and 80% of children had isolates resistant to at least four. Transfer of resistance to each of the antimicrobials, in varying combinations, was demonstrated, but did not occur for all resistance patterns. Plasmid analysis showed plasmids ranging from 160 MDa to 2.8 MDa and isolates contained from one to five plasmids of different sizes. There were no consistent relationships between resistance pattern and plasmid profile, but multiple resistance transfer was mediated commonly by plasmids with a molecular weight of 62 MDa. The high prevalence of potentially transferable antibiotic resistance in gut commensals of children in the Sudan may be of importance in the management of enteric and other infections requiring antimicrobial treatment.     

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis: IL-10-dependent CD4+CD45RO+ T cell-B cell antibody synthesis

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a major immunoregulatory cytokine and has a multitude of immunomodulatory effects in the immune system. In this study, we have examined the secretion andin vitro function of IL-10 in B cell hyperactivity in antibody production in two common autoimmune diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). IL-10 was detectable in serum of all active SLE and serum and synovial fluid samples of all RA patients but in none of the normal controls. B cells and CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells secreted highly enhanced levels of IL-10 in SLE and RA versus normals. Increased IgM and IgG production by B cells-CD4+CD45RO+ T cells in SLE and RA was IL-10 dependent, since neutralization of IL-10 cytokine by anti-IL-10 antibody drastically reduced Ig synthesis in these coculture experiments. B cell hyperactivity in autoantibody production in SLE and RA may be a function of IL-10-dependent CD4+CD45RO+ Th2 cell activation. Therefore, IL-10 may play an important role in highly disturbed immune system and B cell-T cell function in these immune disorders.     

Cytokine profile in systemic lupus erythematosus,rheumatoid arthritis,and other rheumatic diseases

We investigated serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN-), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its various clinical manifestations of disease and from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other rheumatic diseases. The serum levels of IL-6 and IFN- were highly elevated from patients with SLE associated with lymphadenopathy (LN) or nephrotic syndrome (NS). On the contrary, the serum levels of TNF were elevated from most patients with SLE associated with thrombocytopenia (TP). However, serum levels of TNF were in the normal range from patients with SLE associated with NS, LN, or central nervous system disease. Of interest, patients with SLE associated with humoral immunodeficiency disorder, hypogammaglobulinemia, had highly elevated levels of serum IL-6. The concanavalin A-stimulated mononuclear cells (MNC) of patients with SLE associated with TP secreted highly elevated levels of TNF compared to other patient groups. We suggest that abnormal production of various cytokines in SLE is an intrinsic defect of MNC and the immune system that may be the key element for a variety of clinical manifestations of this disease.     

Ploidy profile of morphologically normal squamous epithelium adjacent to high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

We have investigated the ploidy profile of morphologically normal mucosa adjacent to high grade CIN (   n = 16  ) and also from normal cervix ( n = 18). DNA ploidy was assessed using flow cytometry and image analysis. All cases were diploid by both modalities. Our results show that morphologically normal squamous mucosa has a stable ploidy profile even when it lies adjacent to high grade CIN. This finding supports the view that high grade CIN is a neoplastic expansion of transformed cells rather than the result of a field change effect.     

Biallelic Pathogenic GFRA1 Variants Cause Autosomal Recessive Bilateral Renal Agenesis

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Gaze holding after anterior-inferior temporal lobectomy

Eye position-sensitive neurons are found in parietooccipital and anterior-inferior temporal cortex. Putative role of these neurons is to facilitate transformation of reference frame from the retina-fixed to world-fixed coordinates and assure precise action. We assessed the nature of ocular motor disorder in a subject who had selective resection of the right anterior-inferior temporal cortex for the treatment of intractable epilepsy from cortical dysplasia. The gaze was stable when the subject was viewing straight-ahead, but centrally directed drifts in the eye position were seen during eccentric horizontal gaze holding. Eye-in-orbit position determined drift velocity and its direction. Conjugate and sinusoidal vertical oscillations were also present. Horizontal drifts and vertical oscillations became prominent and disconjugate in the absence of visual cue. The gaze-holding deficit was consistent with impairment in neural integration, but in the absence of cerebellar and visual deficits. We speculate that brainstem neural integrator might receive cortical feedback regarding world-fixed coordinates. Visual system might calibrate this process. Hence the lesion of the anterior-inferior temporal lobe leads to impairment in the function of neural integrator. Vision might be used to calibrate such feedback, hence the lack of visual cue further impairs the function of the neural integrator leading to worsening of gaze-holding deficits.     

Knowledge and self-care practice regarding diabetes among type 2diabetics: experience from a non-profit hospital chain in Bangladesh

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is generally being perceived as a problem of the developed world, but currently, people from developing countries like Bangladesh are suffering from chronic diseases of which diabetes is a major one. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge and self-care practice regarding diabetes among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 11,917 (age ≥?18 years, 4418 males and 7499 females) T2DM subjects attending the health care centers and hospitals in Dhaka (Capital) and also in the northern part of Bangladesh operated by the local diabetic association. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaire. The levels of knowledge and self-care practice were measured by predefined scores, categorized as poor (<mean – 1 SD), average (mean?±?1 SD), and good (>mean?+?1 SD). Independent samples t test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation were used to determine the association between different variables considering p value <?0.05. The mean (± SD) age (years) of the T2DM was 50?±?12. The proportion of “poor,” “average,” and “good” score for knowledge were 34%, 51%, and 15% and for that practice were 16%, 72%, and 12%, respectively. Knowledge was significantly associated with practice (r?=?0.299, p?=?0.001). The study reveals a difference between knowledge and self-care practice related to T2DM. T2DM health literacy program needs to be developed for better health promotion.