全文获取类型
收费全文 | 570篇 |
免费 | 48篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 7篇 |
儿科学 | 7篇 |
妇产科学 | 8篇 |
基础医学 | 52篇 |
口腔科学 | 2篇 |
临床医学 | 17篇 |
内科学 | 60篇 |
皮肤病学 | 194篇 |
神经病学 | 14篇 |
特种医学 | 17篇 |
外科学 | 28篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 24篇 |
眼科学 | 2篇 |
药学 | 65篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 119篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 19篇 |
2012年 | 32篇 |
2011年 | 26篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 20篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 24篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 20篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 10篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 5篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有621条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Appearance of specific antibody-bearing cells in human bronchial mucosa after local immunization with bacterial vaccine.
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
F Latil D Vervloet P Casanova L Garbe P Fuentes N Wierzbicki J Charpin 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1986,23(6):1015-1021
The immune response to local in vivo inhalation of a lysed bacteria vaccine was assessed in surgical specimens of main-stem bronchi from patients who had undergone pneumectomy for cancer. The patient population included 22 subjects; 11 of these received the aerosol vaccine twice a day for 10 days prior to surgery, while the remaining 11 patients were used as controls and were not immunized. The submucous glands of immunized subjects showed significantly more cells than did those of the controls, i.e., 62 +/- 8 versus 37 +/- 7, respectively (P less than 0.05). The following five antigens were chosen for study by fluorescence assay: Streptococcus pneumoniae types II and III, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus sp. strain D19, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. An immunization-dependent correlation was found between immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin A-bearing cells, and specific antibody-bearing cells on the one hand and three of the five antigens (S. pneumoniae types II and III and Streptococcus sp. strain D19) on the other hand. This is the first time that a relationship has been established between bacterial immunization of the lower respiratory tract and local immunoglobulin production in humans. 相似文献
4.
Human melanoma progression in skin reconstructs : biological significance of bFGF 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The American journal of pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Meier F Nesbit M Hsu MY Martin B Van Belle P Elder DE Schaumburg-Lever G Garbe C Walz TM Donatien P Crombleholme TM Herlyn M 《The American journal of pathology》2000,156(1):193-200
Human skin reconstructs are three-dimensional in vitro models consisting of epidermal keratinocytes plated onto fibroblast-contracted collagen gels. Cells in skin reconstructs more closely recapitulate the in situ phenotype than do cells in monolayer culture. Normal melanocytes in skin reconstructs remained singly distributed at the basement membrane which separated the epidermis from the dermis. Cell lines derived from biologically early primary melanomas of the radial growth phase proliferated in the epidermis and the basement membrane was left intact. Growth and migration of the radial growth phase melanoma cells in the dermal reconstruct and tumorigenicity in vivo were only observed when cells were transduced with the basic fibroblast growth factor gene, a major autocrine growth stimulator for melanomas. Primary melanoma cell lines representing the more advanced stage vertical growth phase invaded the dermis in reconstructs and only an irregular basement membrane was formed. Metastatic melanoma cells rapidly proliferated and aggressively invaded deep into the dermis, with each cell line showing typical invasion and growth characteristics. Our results demonstrate that the growth patterns of melanoma cells in skin reconstructs closely correspond to those in situ and that basic fibroblast growth factor is critical for progression. 相似文献
5.
Zusammenfassung Die natürliche intramolluskäre Entwicklung des Darmegels Isthmiophora melis verläuft über zwei morphologisch distinkte Redienformen: Auf zwei Generationen makropharyngeater Redien (Mutterredien) folgen nur noch Generationen mikropharyngeater Redien (Tochterredien) sowie Cercarien. Die Bildung von Mutterredien unterbleibt in Schnecken, die nur durch Implantation von Tochterredien experimentell infiziert wurden. Werden Schnecken nacheinander beiden Infektionsmodi unterworfen, der Tochterredienimplantation und der Miracidienexposition, so läßt sich aus dem Vorhandensein oder Fehlen von Mutterredien ablesen, welche der Infektionen von Erfolg war.Mittels dieser Methode wurde geprüft, ob Isthmiophora-parasitierte Lymnaea-Individuen gegen homologen Miracidienbefall resistent sind. Sie erwiesen sich als nicht resistent gegen Reinfektion, und zwar auch dann, wenn sie bereits in die Phase des Cercarienausstoßes eingetreten waren.
Ermöglicht durch Beihilfen der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft. 相似文献
Experimental re-infection of Lymnaea stagnalis with Isthmiophora melis (trematoda, echinostomatidae) by exposition to miracidia after implantation of rediae
Summary The natural intramolluscular development of the intestinal fluke Isthmiophora melis takes place in two morphologically distinct forms of rediae: Two generations of macropharyngeate rediae (mother rediae) are followed only by generations of micropharyngeate rediae (daughter rediae) and cercariae. Mother rediae are not produced in snails infected by implantation of daughter rediae only. If snails are subjected to the implantation of daughter rediae and exposed to miracidiae successsively, the presence, or absence, of mother rediae indicates which of the infections has been successful.This method of investigation was used in order to ascertain whether Lymnaea individuals parasitized by Isthmiophora are resistant against invading miracidia of homologous species. They proved not resistant against re-infection, even if they had already entered the stage of shedding cercariae.
Ermöglicht durch Beihilfen der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft. 相似文献
6.
Carolina Tisnado Garland Line Guénette Edeltraut Kröger Pierre-Hugues Carmichael Rachel Rouleau Caroline Sirois 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2021,22(1):141-147
ObjectivesAssess the impact of a new pharmaceutical care model on (1) polypharmacy and (2) potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).DesignPragmatic quasi-experimental study with a control group. This multifaceted model enables pharmacists and nurses to increase their professional autonomy by enforcing laws designed to expand their scope of practice. It also involves a strategic reorganization of care, interdisciplinary training, and systematic medication reviews.Setting and ParticipantsTwo LTCFs exposed to the model (409 residents) were compared to 2 control LTCFs (282 residents) in Quebec, Canada. All individuals were aged 65 years or older and residing in included LTCFs.MeasuresPolypharmacy (≥10 medications) and PIM (2015 Beers criteria) were analyzed throughout 12 months between March 2017 and June 2018. Groups were compared before and after implementation using repeated measures mixed Poisson or logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounding variables.ResultsOver 12 months, for regular medications, polypharmacy decreased from 42% to 20% (exposed group) and from 50% to 41% (control group) [difference in differences (DID): 13%, P < .001]. Mean number of PIMs also decreased from 0.79 to 0.56 (exposed group) and from 1.08 to 0.90 (control group) (DID: 0.05, P = .002).Conclusions and ImplicationsCompared with usual care, this multifaceted model reduced the probability of receiving ≥10 medications and the mean number of PIMs. Greater professional autonomy, reorganization of care, training, and medication review can optimize pharmaceutical care. As the role of pharmacists is expanding in many countries, this model shows what could be achieved with increased professional autonomy of pharmacists and nurses in LTCFs. 相似文献
7.
Primary intracerebral plasma cell granuloma: a light, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study of one case 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D Figarella-Branger D Gambarelli M Perez-Castillo L Garbe F Grisoli 《Neurosurgery》1990,27(1):142-147
A case of primary intracerebral plasma cell granuloma without meningeal attachment is presented. Histologically, the lesion showed two different patterns. At the center, it displayed the features of a benign fibrous histiocytoma. At the periphery, a mixture of polyclonal plasma cells, lymphocytes, and "epithelial-like" cells was observed. Electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry confirmed the histiocytic nature of the "epithelial-like cells." The differential diagnosis and histogenesis of such a lesion are discussed. 相似文献
8.
9.
Antonios Douros Elisabeth Bronder Frank Andersohn Andreas Klimpel Michael Thomae Hans-Dieter Orzechowski Reinhold Kreutz Edeltraut Garbe 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2014,70(4):453-459
Purpose
The hepatotoxic potential of the analgesic flupirtine has attracted increased attention over the past years. Recently, risk minimisation measures such as maximum treatment duration of 2 weeks have been requested by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). This study was conducted to further elucidate the clinical pattern of flupirtine-induced liver injury (FILI).Methods
Seven FILI patients were ascertained in all Berlin hospitals in the Berlin Case–control Surveillance Study (FAKOS) between 2002 and 2011. Furthermore, we reviewed the severe cases of flupirtine-associated hepatotoxicity included in the adverse drug reaction database of the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) in Germany from between 1991 and 2012.Results
All seven FILI patients of FAKOS were hospitalised. Six of them were female, mean age was 55 years, and the most common symptoms were fatigue and jaundice. Three patients developed acute liver failure (ALF). Discontinuation of flupirtine invariably led to clinical and laboratory improvement. Review of the BfArM cases (n?=?248) showed female sex predominance and high prevalence of jaundice and ALF. Time to onset of symptoms was less than 2 weeks in 9 % of the patients with respective data.Conclusions
Our results corroborate previous findings on FILI’s clinical pattern and on its potentially severe course. Although the hepatotoxic risk might be higher after the first 2 weeks of treatment, earlier onset of severe FILI cannot be ruled out. Postauthorisation safety studies are needed to evaluate EMA’s risk minimisation measures and to quantify flupirtine’s risk according to its duration of use. 相似文献10.
Michael Tronnier Claus Garbe Eva-Bettina Bröcker Rudolf Stadler Volker Steinkraus H. Peter Soyer Helmut H. Wolff 《Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift für Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete》1997,48(10):720-729
Zusammenfassung
Die Begutachtung melanozyt?rer Tumoren repr?sentiert einen der wichtigsten und vordringlichsten Aspekte der Routinediagnostik
in der Dermatohistopathologie. Für die Diagnosestellung eines malignen Melanoms oder eines differentialdiagnostisch in Frage
kommenden melanozyt?ren N?vus sind einheitliche und reproduzierbare histologische Kriterien zu fordern. Die prognostisch relevanten
und für das therapeutische Vorgehen wichtigen Tumorparameter müssen bei malignen Melanomen im histopathologischen Befundbericht
vollst?ndig und einheitlich erfa?t werden. Die Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgruppe zur histopathologischen Diagnostik bei malignen
Melanomen sind nachfolgend zusammengefa?t.
Eingegangen am 28. Februar 1997 Angenommen am 9. Mai 1997 相似文献