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排序方式: 共有113条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Michael Johns Rachel Sacks Madhura Rane Susan M. Kansagra 《Journal of urban health》2013,90(6):1091-1101
This study was designed to estimate the relationship between exposure to tobacco retail outlets and smoking initiation in a racially diverse urban setting. Using data from the 2011 NYC Youth Risk Behavior Survey, multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the exposure–initiation relationship and test for effect modification, while controlling for covariates. The predicted probability of smoking initiation from the multivariable model increased from 7.7 % for zero times a week exposed to tobacco retailers to 16.0 % for exposure seven times or more per week. The odds of initiation were significantly higher among adolescents exposed to tobacco retail outlets two times or more a week compared with those exposed less often (AOR = 1.41; 95 % CI: 1.08, 1.84). Risk-taking behavior modified the relationship between exposure and initiation, with the odds of initiation highest among those low in risk-taking (AOR = 1.78; 95 % CI: 1.14, 1.56). These results are consistent with past research, showing that frequent exposure to tobacco marketing in retail settings is associated with increased odds of initiation. Reducing exposure to tobacco retail marketing could play an important role in curtailing smoking among adolescents, especially those less prone to risk-taking. 相似文献
2.
Chhaya V Verma Rachna D Arora Hetal M Mistry Swati V Kubal Nandini S Kolwankar Pranali C Patil Anushka A Dalvi Sonal A Vichare Akhila Natesan Anagha N Mangaonkar Dolly D Kanakia Gayatri S Jere Karan Y Bansode Madhura R Patil Rajvi D Sheth Sandhya D Dudhavade Sayali D Mhatre Suresh K Patel Akanksha G Mohite Ankita N Bhavsar Jessica E Alfonso Maryam NA Syed Nidhi P Savla Riya N Rajgond Rutuja A Bute Samiksha M Mane Shubham R Jaiswal Vibhawari A Parab Abhiram M Kasbe Mohan A Joshi Ramesh N Bharmal 《Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine》2021,25(3):317
3.
4.
Chandrakant M. Bokade Abhishek D. Madhura Abhay S. Bagul Subhash B. Thakre 《Nigerian medical journal》2015,56(4):287-291
Background:
Mortality due to pneumonia in children is more than any other illness. Limited data is available to predict mortality in children with pneumonia from central India.Aim:
To study predictors of mortality in children aged 1-59 months hospitalised with severe and very severe pneumonia.Materials and Methods:
Present study was observational longitudinal study that was done in a tertiary care hospital of central India. Two hundred and ninety children, aged 1-59 months, presented with severe and very severe pneumonia were enrolled in this study. Outcome and predictors of mortality were studied. Data was analysed with Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate regression analysis.Results:
Out of 270 enrolled study subjects, maximum (108, 37.24%) were belonged to 1-6-months age group. Proportion of mortality was maximum (16, 64.00%) in that age group. Overall case fatality rate was 8.62%. Among significant variables, delayed hospital referral [adjusted odds ratio (OR)-52.09, 95% confidence interval (CI)- 6.74-402.39], incomplete immunisation (OR-12.28, 95% CI-2.15-69.93), severe malnutrition (Z score < −3) (OR-15.51, 95% CI- 2.04-117.83), refusal to feed (OR- 30.57, 95% CI- 2.47-378.26), and hypoglycaemia (OR- 6.98, 95% CI- 1.05-46.30) were found significant independently on multivariate regression analysis. Conclusion: Delayed hospital referral, incomplete immunisation, severe malnutrition, refusal to feed, and hypoglycaemia were independent predictors of mortality in children with severe and very severe pneumonia. 相似文献5.
6.
Shankar Swaminathan Huiling Li Mallika Palamoor Walter T. Luchsinger de Obarrio Dorababu Madhura Bernd Meibohm Monica M. Jablonski 《The AAPS journal》2014,16(2):311-323
Asialo, tri-antennary oligosaccharide (NA3 glycan) is an endogenous compound, which supports proper folding of outer segment membranes, promotes normal ultrastructure, and maintains protein expression patterns of photoreceptors and Müller cells in the absence of retinal pigment epithelium support. It is a potential new therapeutic for atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other retinal degenerative disorders. Herein, we evaluate the safety, in vitro stability, ocular pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of NA3. NA3 was injected into the vitreous of New Zealand white rabbits at two concentrations viz. 1 nM (minimum effective concentration (MEC)) and 100 nM (100XMEC) at three time points. Safety was evaluated using routine clinical and laboratory tests. Ocular pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of [3H]NA3 were estimated using scintillation counting in various parts of the eye, multiple peripheral organs, and plasma. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non-compartmental modeling. A 2-aminobenzamide labeling and hydrophilic interaction liquid interaction chromatography were used to assess plasma and vitreous stability. NA3 was well tolerated by the eye. The concentration of NA3 in eye tissues was in the order: vitreous > retina > sclera/choroid > aqueous humor > cornea > lens. Area under the curve (0 to infinity) (AUC∞) was the highest in the vitreous thereby providing a positive concentration gradient for NA3 to reach the retina. Half-lives in critical eye tissues ranged between 40 and 60 h. NA3 concentrations were negligible in peripheral organs. Radioactivity from [3H]NA3 was excreted via urine and feces. NA3 was stable at 37°C in vitreous over a minimum of 6 days, while it degraded rapidly in plasma. Collectively, these results document that NA3 shows a good safety profile and favorable ocular pharmacokinetics.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1208/s12248-014-9563-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Key words: age-related macular degeneration (AMD), NA3 glycan, pharmacokinetics, safety 相似文献7.
8.
Geert Vandeweyer Céline Helsmoortel Anke Van Dijck Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout Bradley P. Coe Raphael Bernier Jennifer Gerdts Liesbeth Rooms Jenneke van den Ende Madhura Bakshi Meredith Wilson Ann Nordgren Laura G. Hendon Omar A. Abdulrahman Corrado Romano Bert B.A. de Vries Tjitske Kleefstra Evan E. Eichler Nathalie Van der Aa R. Frank Kooy 《American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics》2014,166(3):315-326
9.
Madhura Bhide Omender Singh Deven Juneja Amit Goel 《World Journal of Critical Care Medicine》2023,12(1):10-17
BACKGROUND Delay in treatment of raised intracranial pressure(ICP) leads to poor clinical outcomes. Optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD) by ultrasonography(US-ONSD)has shown good accuracy in traumatic brain injury and neurosurgical patients to diagnose raised ICP. However, there is a dearth of data in neuro-medical intensive care unit(ICU) where the spectrum of disease is different.AIM To validate the diagnostic accuracy of ONSD in non-traumatic neuro-critically ill patients.METHODS We prospectivel... 相似文献
10.
Pradhan M Meyers KE Guttenberg M Kaplan BS 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2000,14(8-9):862-871
An unusual sequence of the clinical manifestations of microvascular disease is described in a 15 year-old girl. She initially
presented with acute renal failure caused by a crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with positive tests for MPO-ANCA.
Eighteen months later she had pulmonary hemorrhage and respiratory failure. An open lung biopsy showed granulomas that were
diagnostic for Wegener granulomatosis. We discuss the diagnostic dilemmas faced in attempts to distinguish infective causes
of pulmonary granulomas, such as tuberculosis or fungi, from granulomas associated with vasculitis, in a patient previously
treated with immunosuppressive therapy.
Received: 4 August 1999 / Revised: 28 October 1999 / Accepted: 3 January 2000 相似文献