Short-term outcomes of patients with neovascular exudative AMD: the effect of COVID-19 pandemic

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To estimate the impact of delayed care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the outcomes of patients with...     

Patterns in metabolite profile are associated with risk of more aggressive prostate cancer: A prospective study of 3,057 matched case–control sets from EPIC

Metabolomics may reveal novel insights into the etiology of prostate cancer, for which few risk factors are established. We investigated the association between patterns in baseline plasma metabolite profile and subsequent prostate cancer risk, using data from 3,057 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We measured 119 metabolite concentrations in plasma samples, collected on average 9.4 years before diagnosis, by mass spectrometry (AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit, Biocrates Life Sciences AG). Metabolite patterns were identified using treelet transform, a statistical method for identification of groups of correlated metabolites. Associations of metabolite patterns with prostate cancer risk (OR_1SD) were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Supplementary analyses were conducted for metabolite patterns derived using principal component analysis and for individual metabolites. Men with metabolite profiles characterized by higher concentrations of either phosphatidylcholines or hydroxysphingomyelins (OR_1SD = 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.89), acylcarnitines C18:1 and C18:2, glutamate, ornithine and taurine (OR_1SD = 0.72, 0.57–0.90), or lysophosphatidylcholines (OR_1SD = 0.81, 0.69–0.95) had lower risk of advanced stage prostate cancer at diagnosis, with no evidence of heterogeneity by follow-up time. Similar associations were observed for the two former patterns with aggressive disease risk (the more aggressive subset of advanced stage), while the latter pattern was inversely related to risk of prostate cancer death (OR_1SD = 0.77, 0.61–0.96). No associations were observed for prostate cancer overall or less aggressive tumor subtypes. In conclusion, metabolite patterns may be related to lower risk of more aggressive prostate tumors and prostate cancer death, and might be relevant to etiology of advanced stage prostate cancer.     

Increased factor VIII coagulant activity levels in male carriers of the factor V R2 polymorphism.

A common factor V gene haplotype, the FVR2 haplotype (FVHR2), has been associated with a reduced cofactor activity in activated protein C-mediated activated factor VIII inactivation. Our aim was to investigate the role of FVHR2 as a possible determinant of factor VIII levels in a population study. A total of 516 individuals (401 men, 115 women; mean age 58.4 +/- 10.8 years) were enrolled within the frame of a regional cardiovascular survey, characterized for factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIII:c) and factor V coagulant activity (FV:c) levels, and genotyped for factor V polymorphisms. In men without signs of overt inflammation, FVHR2 carriers had higher levels of FVIII:c than noncarriers (154 IU/dl, 95% confidence interval = 143-166 versus 142 IU/dl, 95% confidence interval = 138-147; P = 0.045) and were more represented in individuals with high (> or = 150 IU/dl) FVIII:c levels (21.2 versus 10.8%; odds ratio = 2.27, 95% confidence interval = 1.17-4.39 after adjustment for age, blood group and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels). In conclusion, this clinical report suggests the common FVHR2 as a possible independent determinant of FVIII:c levels. The report concomitantly addresses the relationship between factor V and factor VIII levels and supports the hypothesis of a mild prothrombotic role of FVHR2 by means of increased factor VIII levels.     

Cavo-portal transposition in rat: a new simple model

Background  

Liver transplantation in presence of diffuse portal vein thrombosis is possible by using caval blood as portal inflow, through cavo-portal transposition. However, clinical results are heterogeneous and experimental studies are needed, but similar hemodynamic conditions are difficult to obtain, especially in small animals. Herein we describe a new simple model of cavo-portal transposition in rat.     

Autologous Unpurged Bone Marrow Transplantation for Acute Non Lymphoblastic Leukemia in First Remission

Forty consecutive adult patients under the age of 50 with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) in first complete remission, underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) between March 1984 and April 1990. The conditioning regimen employed included cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation, followed by the administration of unpurged ABMT. The median time from diagnosis to transplant was 7 months (3-15 months), and the median time from complete remission to ABMT was 4 months (range 3-9 months). Twenty-two (51%) patients remain in complete remission 6-81 months (median 24 months) after ABMT.

The causes of death were, recurrent leukemia (11 patients), parenchymal toxicities such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and veno-occlusive disease (3 patients), hemorrhage (2 patients) and infection (2 patients). Eleven patients relapsed after 3-12 months (median 5 months). This study has produced survival data comparable to those of other institutions employing TBI for either allo or autotransplants.     

Contractile properties of synthetic cationic polypeptides in guinea-pig isolated trachea.

1. Purinoceptor agonist-induced currents in untreated (proliferating) and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS; 100 ng ml-1) treated (non-proliferating) rat microglial cells were recorded by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 2. In non-proliferating microglia, adenosine (0.01-100 microM), 2-methylthio ATP (3-3000 nM), ATP (0.1-1000 microM), and ATP-gamma-S (1-10 microM), but not alpha,beta-methylene ATP (alpha,beta-MeATP; 100 microM) produced a slow outward current at a holding potential of 0 mV. When K+ was replaced in the pipette solution by an equimolar concentration of Cs+ (150 mM), the 2-methylthio ATP- (300 nM) induced outward current disappeared. The effect of 2-methylthio ATP (300 nM) did not depend on the presence of extracellular Mg2+ (1 mM). The outward current response to 2-methylthio ATP (300 nM) was larger in proliferating than in non-proliferating microglia. 3. ATP (1-1000 microM) evoked a fast inward current at a holding potential of -70 mV in nonproliferating microglia, while adenosine (100-1000 microM) was inactive. When the effects of ATP were compared at 0 and -70 mV, it became evident that ATP is much more potent in evoking the outward current. 4. The 2-methylthio ATP- (300 nM) induced outward current was blocked by suramin (300 microM), but not by 8-(p-sulphophenyl)-theophylline (100 microM), while the adenosine- (1 microM) induced outward current had the reverse sensitivity to these antagonists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Endovascular repair for concomitant multilevel aortic disease.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with multilevel aortic disease represent a small subgroup with the need for extensive surgical treatment at considerable risk. We present our experience of endovascular exclusion for simultaneous thoracic and abdominal aortic disease in four patients. METHODS: Between January 2002 and January 2005, four patients underwent endovascular repair for simultaneous thoracic and abdominal aortic disease. Mean age was 69+/-10 years (range, 60-81). Thoracic lesions included penetrating aortic ulcer (n=2, ruptured=1), atherosclerotic aneurysm (n=1), and chronic type B dissection (n=1). Abdominal aortic disease included atherosclerotic infrarenal (n=3) and juxtarenal (n=1) aortic aneurysms. Thoracic aortic stent-grafts had been the following: Excluder/TAG (n=3) or Talent (n=1) straight tube devices. Abdominal aortic stent-grafts used were as following: Excluder (n=3) or Zenith (n=1). All patients were followed-up with CT-angiography and chest X-rays 1, 4, 12 months after the procedure, and once per year thereafter. RESULTS: Stent-graft deployment was technically successful in all cases. Intraoperative mortality was not observed. Mean procedure time was 94+/-34 min (range, 70-145). Early postoperative complications occurred in one patient that developed acute renal failure but dialysis was not required. Mean hospitalisation was 8+/-5 days (range, 4-15). Late death occurred in one patient for an undetected ruptured thoracic type 1 endoleak. All three survivors are currently well 16.5 months (range, 3-36) after surgery. No neurological complications developed. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous abdominal and thoracic endovascular repair for multilevel aortic disease is feasible and could be a viable alternative in high-risk patients, who otherwise may not be suitable candidates for conventional repair.     

Abnormal sensorimotor integration is related to disease severity in Parkinson's disease: a TMS study.

Hyperexcitability of the motor system has been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluate how cutaneous afferents modulate motor excitability in PD patients and whether abnormal modulation is correlated to parkinsonian symptoms. Digital stimulation causes abnormal enhancement of motor responses in patients. This effect may be one of the features of motor hyperexcitability in PD. Cutaneomotor hyperexcitability correlates with clinical scores, suggesting that abnormal processing of cutaneous inputs might contribute to the pathogenesis of parkinsonian symptoms.