7-甲氧基-4′-羟基-3′-二乙胺甲基异黄酮(MHDF)对大鼠血流动力学和主动脉的作用

本实验观察了MHDF对整体大鼠血流动力学和离体大鼠胸主动脉的作用。结果表明iv MHDF(3～12.8 mg/kg)能降低大鼠左心室±dp/dt_max,V_max,V_pm和LVSP,延长T-dp/dt_max,减慢心率。MHDF还能舒张大鼠胸主动脉,ED₅₀为6.5×10^-6mol/L;非竞争拮抗NA和CaCl₂致主脉收缩,pD₂′为3.11±0.21和3.73±0.07;抑制高K⁺致主动脉收缩,IC₅₀为1.76×10^-5mol/L。提示MHDF对血管的作用与α受体阻断剂不同,而可能与钙拮抗有关。     

Postpartum hemorrhage today: ICM/FIGO initiative 2004-2006.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the main cause of maternal mortality. Yet, even though solutions have been identified, governments and donor countries have been slow to implement programs to contain the problem. While poverty and low educational level remain the underlying cause of PPH, the current literature suggests that active management of the third stage of labor can prevent it. The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) are attempting to address the chronic PPH crisis by educating their members on best practices and on troubleshooting where resources are inadequate. Some studies found oxytocin to be preferable to misoprostol in settings where active management is the norm. However, secondary clinical effects may prove more troublesome with oxytocin than with misoprostol, and misoprostol may prove to be more practical and equally effective in low-resource settings. Two new interventions are also proposed, the anti-shock garment and the balloon tamponade.     

Beckman EL-ISE电解质分析仪准确性及故障的分析判断

0 引言为了克服离子选择电极（ISE）法的微量电位信号极易受环境温度变化及电子噪声的干扰问题,该仪器采用了参考电极,把参考电极与其测定电极装在同一测量室内,保持其相同的物理环境,使干扰源对所有电极的影响相同. 以内参液作为参考电极的测量对象,测得一个参考电极电位值,再测样品的电极电位值,二者相抵就消除了所叠加的干扰信号.     

心脏直视手术围术期自体血回输335例的监护

0　引言　自体输血是采集患者体内血或回收自体失血,再输回同一患者,献血者与受血者为同一个体,既可以节约临床用血,减少患者费用,更重要是可以避免或减少同种输血传播感染性疾病.我科对335例体外循环心内直视手术患者实行自体血回输,收到较好的社会效益和经济效益.1　临床资料　1998-09/1999-02,我科心脏直视手术共445例,围术期采用自体输血335例,其中先心病226例,瓣膜手术59例,复杂心内畸形37例,冠心病、大血管13例,占同期体外循环心内直视手术75%.患者主要适应证:心脏及大血管外科手术,术前一般情况尚好,无肝、肾、呼吸功能障碍;术前检查…     

Differentiating major depressive disorder in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

BACKGROUND: Youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) frequently have comorbid major depressive disorders (MDD) sharing overlapping symptoms. Our objective was to examine which depressive symptoms best discriminate MDD among youths with ADHD. METHODS: One-hundred-eleven youths with ADHD (5.2-17.8 years old) and their parents completed interviews with the K-SADS-PL and respective versions of the child or the parent Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ-C, MFQ-P). Controlling for group differences, logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios reflecting the accuracy with which various depressive symptoms on the MFQ-C or MFQ-P discriminated MDD. Stepwise logistic regression then identified depressive symptoms that best discriminated the groups with and without MDD, using cross-validated misclassification rate as the criterion. RESULTS: Symptoms that discriminated youths with MDD (n=18) from those without MDD (n=93) were 4 of 6 mood/anhedonia symptoms, all 14 depressed cognition symptoms, and only 3 of 11 physical/vegetative symptoms. Mild irritability, miserable/unhappy moods, and symptoms related to sleep, appetite, energy levels and concentration did not discriminate MDD. A stepwise logistic regression correctly classified 89% of the comorbid MDD subjects, with only age, anhedonia at school, thoughts about killing self, thoughts that bad things would happen, and talking more slowly remaining in the final model. LIMITATIONS: Results of this study may not generalize to community samples because subjects were drawn largely from a university-based outpatient psychiatric clinic. CONCLUSIONS: These findings stress the importance of social withdrawal, anhedonia, depressive cognitions, suicidal thoughts, and psychomotor retardation when trying to identify MDD among ADHD youths.