The effects of aging on the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra of 8- and 60-week-old Wistar–Kyoto rats were examined
during the waking baseline and treadmill exercise. Using continuous and simultaneous recordings of EEG and electromyogram
signals, this study demonstrated that the alpha (10–13 Hz), theta (6–10 Hz), and delta (0.5–4 Hz) powers of the EEG were significantly
lower in older rats as compared with young rats during the waking baseline. In the young rats, treadmill exercise resulted
promptly in a higher alpha power, higher theta power, and higher theta power percentage as compared with the waking baseline.
In the aged rats, treadmill exercise only resulted in a higher theta power and higher theta power percentage. During the treadmill
exercise, however, the aged rats still showed a significantly lower exercise-evoked theta power change than the young rats.
These results suggested that aging is accompanied by lower EEG activities during waking and this also is accompanied by an
attenuated response of the brain to exercise in the rat. 相似文献
Since gastroparesis is unavoidable in a certain proportion of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy, measures to avoid its
occurrence or at least minimize its impact are needed. A prospective randomized trial was performed to test the effectiveness
of biliopancreatic diversion with modified Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy reconstruction and of enteral feeding to minimize impacts
of gastroparesis after pancreaticoduodenectomy. 相似文献
Background Bleeding and thromboembolism prevention is important in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulants, including direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin. Asians have higher risks of bleeding complications when taking anticoagulants. However, evidence that considers laboratory parameters is lacking. Objective We aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness between direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin in Asian patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Setting Retrospective design using hospital-based data. Method This propensity score-matched cohort study included data extracted from the electronic medical records of the En Chu Kong Hospital Research Database. Main outcome measure Outcome measures were major bleeding and thromboembolism. Cox proportional hazard models were applied for evaluating hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results Among 1075 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, 687 and 388 were administered direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin, respectively. After propensity score matching, 264 patient pairs were selected. Compared with warfarin use, direct oral anticoagulant use was associated with similar risks for major bleeding and thromboembolism; however, the latter was associated with increased gastrointestinal bleeding risks (adjusted hazard ratio 3.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–11.39). Notably, an approximately 10 fold increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding was observed in 0–6 month direct oral anticoagulant users (adjusted hazard ratio 10.13, 95% confidence interval 1.27–80.89). Conclusion Direct oral anticoagulant use was not associated with major bleeding and thromboembolism occurrence in Asian patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. However, direct oral anticoagulant use was associated with increased gastrointestinal bleeding risks, especially when used within 0–6 months of direct oral anticoagulant use.
Experimental and clinical findings support the essential role of interleukin (IL)-6 in the pathogenesis of various human cancers and provide a rationale for targeted therapeutic investigations. A novel peptide, S7, which selectively binds to IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) alpha chain (gp80) and broadly inhibits IL-6-mediated events, was identified using phage display library screening. The synthetic S7 peptide specifically bound to soluble IL-6R as well as cognate human IL-6R alpha, resulting in a dose-dependent blockade of the interaction between IL-6 and IL-6R alpha. S7 peptide prevents IL-6-mediated survival signaling and sensitizes cervical cancer cells to chemotherapeutic compounds in vitro. The in vitro analysis of antiangiogenic activity showed that S7 peptide substantially inhibits IL-6-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression and angiogenesis in different cancer cell lines. Furthermore, S7 peptide was bioavailable in vivo, leading to a significant suppression of IL-6-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated cervical tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice. These observations show the feasibility of targeting IL-6/IL-6R interaction using the small peptide and highlight its potential in the clinical applications. 相似文献
The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of lens opacities among type 2 diabetics in
Kinmen, Taiwan. A community-based mass screening ascertained 971 type 2 diabetics from 1991 to 1993. From that population,
a total of 578 (59.5%) patients with type 2 diabetes underwent eye screening in 1999 with a 45° thin slit-lamp biomicroscopy
and ophthalmoscopy to examine the lens after dilation of the pupils. The prevalence of nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular
(PSC) opacity without surgery among type 2 diabetics was 22.5, 20.2, and 19.9%, respectively. The number of females affected
was statistically higher than males in each type of lens opacity. The prevalence of each type of lens opacity also showed
a statistically significant increase with (χ2 test). Based on multiple logistic regressions, age was the most significant factor related with each type of lens opacity.
Triglyceride at baseline was associated with nuclear opacity (≥200 vs. <200 mg/dl, OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.15–4.79) and PSC opacity
(≥200 vs. <200 mg/dl, OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.00–4.43). In conclusion, our results show that in addition to age, higher triglyceride
level may increase the risk of prevalent nuclear or PSC opacity in type 2 diabetics. 相似文献