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1.
Her-Shyong Shiah Nai-Jung Chiang Chia-Chi Lin Chia-Jui Yen Hui-Jen Tsai Shang-Yin Wu Wu-Chou Su Kwang-Yu Chang Ching-Chiung Wang Jang-Yang Chang Li-Tzong Chen 《The oncologist》2021,26(4):e567-e579
Lessons Learned
- SCB01A is a novel microtubule inhibitor with vascular disrupting activity.
- This first‐in‐human study demonstrated SCB01A safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity.
- SCB01A is safe and well tolerated in patients with advanced solid malignancies with manageable neurotoxicity.
2.
Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities
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In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided. 相似文献
3.
Chien-Hua Tseng Ben-Jei Tsuang Chun-Ju Chiang Kai-Chen Ku Jeng-Sen Tseng Tsung-Ying Yang Kuo-Hsuan Hsu Kun-Chieh Chen Sung-Liang Yu Wen-Chung Lee Tsang-Wu Liu Chang-Chuan Chan Gee-Chen Chang 《Journal of thoracic oncology》2019,14(5):784-792
Introduction
For never-smokers (smoked <100 lifetime cigarettes), lung cancer (LC) has emerged as an important issue. We aimed to investigate the effects of prevalence changes in tobacco smoking and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (PM2.5) levels on LC in Taiwan, in relation to contrasting PM2.5 levels, between Northern Taiwan (NT) and Southern Taiwan (ST).Methods
We reviewed 371,084 patients with LC to assess smoking prevalence and correlations between the incidence of adenocarcinoma lung cancer (AdLC) and non-AdLC. Two subsets were selected to assess different AdLC stage trends and the effect of PM2.5 on survival of patients with AdLC.Results
From 1995 to 2015, the proportion of male adult ever-smokers decreased from 59.4% to 29.9% whereas the female smoking rate remained low (3.2% to 5.3%). AdLC incidence in males and females increased from 9.06 to 23.25 and 7.05 to 24.22 per 100,000 population, respectively. Since 1993, atmospheric visibility in NT improved (from 7.6 to 11.5 km), but deteriorated in ST (from 16.3 to 4.2 km). The annual percent change in AdLC stages IB to IV was 0.3% since 2009 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.9%–2.6%) in NT, and 4.6% since 2007 (95% CI: 3.3%–5.8%) in ST; 53% patients with LC had never smoked. Five-year survival rates for never-smokers, those with EGFR wild-type genes, and female patients with AdLC were 12.6% in NT and 4.5% in ST (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.90).Conclusions
In Taiwan, greater than 50% of patients with LC had never smoked. PM2.5 level changes can affect AdLC incidence and patient survival. 相似文献4.
5.
While balloon valvuloplasty has been widely used for the treatment of congenital valvular pulmonary stenosis (PS) in children and adults, its use in elderly patients is less common. An 80-year-old woman with congenital valvular PS received valvuloplasty with double-balloon technique. Right ventricle systolic pressure and pulmonary valve systolic pressure gradient decreased from 95 to 44 mm Hg and from 75 to 35 mm Hg, respectively. Follow-up Doppler echocardiography 2 months later showed further decrease in the transvalvular systolic pressure gradient to 29 mm Hg. The patient had symptomatic relief, and no major complication was noted. Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty can be an effective treatment for elderly patients with congenital valvular PS. 相似文献
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7.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) program has considered the use of capitation payments to health care providers as a method for control of the rising costs of the system. The establishment of capitation payments usually requires the performance of risk adjustment. The purposes of this study were to develop a diagnosis-based risk adjustment model for the NHI and to evaluate its predictability. METHODS: Using a 2% random sample of 371,620 NHI enrollees, the authors developed a Taiwan version of the Principal Inpatient Diagnosis Cost Groups (TPIPDCGs) from 1996 claim records to predict an individual's expenditure in 1997. Weighted least squares regression models were built in an estimation sample (two-thirds of the study sample), and were cross-validated in a validation sample (the remaining one-third of the study sample). Predictive R2 and predictive ratios were used to evaluate the model's predictability. RESULTS: Only 7.88% of the study sample could be classified into 1 of the 16 TPIPDCGs. Combined with demographic variables, which alone could explain 3.7% of the variation in an individual's future expenditure, the risk adjustment model based on TPIPDCGs could explain 12.2% of expenditure variation. In addition, the finding that the predictive ratios of the TPIPDCG model approximated unity better than those of the demographic model in all subgroups indicates that the capitation payment as predicted by the TPIPDCG model for each subgroup would better correlate to the actual spending. CONCLUSION: Taiwan's risk-adjusted capitation model based on principal inpatient diagnoses has higher predictability on individual's future expenditure than its counterpart in the USA. This finding provides insight into not only the development of Taiwan's diagnosis-based risk adjustment models but also the necessity of modification when applying foreign-developed risk adjustment models to the NHI. 相似文献
8.
Ming-Cheng Tai Da-Wen Lu Chiao-Hsi Chiang 《Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics》2003,19(6):547-554
PURPOSE: To investigate the corneal and scleral permeability of nalidixic acid and synthesized fluoroquinolones and their in vivo pharmacokinetics in rabbits. METHODS: The corneal and scleral permeability coefficients of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, cinoxacin, enoxacin, and ofloxacin were determined in rabbits using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The aqueous humor levels of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were measured separately by topical instillation of 0.3% solutions of the two drugs onto rabbit eyes. RESULTS: Nalidixic acid had a higher corneal permeability coefficient (17.3 +/- 3.56 x 10(-6) cm/second) than all other drugs tested (p < 0.01). Corneal permeability coefficients in rabbits among ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, cinoxacin, enoxacin, and ofloxacin were not significantly different (p > 0.1). Comparing the corneal and scleral permeability coefficients, only values for nalidixic acid were not significantly different (17.35 +/- 3.56 x l0(-6) cm/second versus 22.69 +/- 5.19 x 10(-6) cm/second, p > 0.05), while all other drugs had scleral permeability coefficients 8 to 10 times greater than corneal permeability coefficients. The mean aqueous humor concentration of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin at 60 minutes to 180 minutes after instillation was around 0.3 microg/mL, a value higher than MIC90 of most bacteria. 相似文献
9.
Y M Chung T S Yeh Y Y Tsai H Chiang J H Liu 《Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde》1988,196(3):161-166
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is an angiocentric and angiodestructive lympho-proliferative disorder involving multisystems but rarely conjunctiva. We present a 62-year-old Chinese female with lymphomatoid granulomatosis who had an ulcerative conjunctival nodule. Conjunctival biopsy revealed pathological findings important for diagnosis and indicating progression of disease severity. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate pathological findings characteristic of lymphomatoid granulomatosis with conjunctival involvement. 相似文献
10.