全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6474篇 |
免费 | 532篇 |
国内免费 | 30篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 32篇 |
儿科学 | 173篇 |
妇产科学 | 94篇 |
基础医学 | 874篇 |
口腔科学 | 179篇 |
临床医学 | 652篇 |
内科学 | 1331篇 |
皮肤病学 | 196篇 |
神经病学 | 1039篇 |
特种医学 | 145篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 810篇 |
综合类 | 33篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 529篇 |
眼科学 | 173篇 |
药学 | 385篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 381篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 78篇 |
2022年 | 131篇 |
2021年 | 235篇 |
2020年 | 198篇 |
2019年 | 172篇 |
2018年 | 216篇 |
2017年 | 175篇 |
2016年 | 190篇 |
2015年 | 235篇 |
2014年 | 258篇 |
2013年 | 329篇 |
2012年 | 442篇 |
2011年 | 506篇 |
2010年 | 266篇 |
2009年 | 249篇 |
2008年 | 387篇 |
2007年 | 403篇 |
2006年 | 358篇 |
2005年 | 382篇 |
2004年 | 299篇 |
2003年 | 248篇 |
2002年 | 266篇 |
2001年 | 96篇 |
2000年 | 100篇 |
1999年 | 99篇 |
1998年 | 53篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 34篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 45篇 |
1991年 | 35篇 |
1990年 | 34篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 27篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
1971年 | 20篇 |
1969年 | 16篇 |
1968年 | 10篇 |
1967年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有7036条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Erik de Bakker Mirthe A. M. van der Putten Martijn W. Heymans Sander W. Spiekstra Taco Waaijman Liselotte Butzelaar Vera L. Negenborn Vivian K. Beekman Erman O. Akpinar Thomas Rustemeyer Frank B. Niessen Susan Gibbs 《Experimental dermatology》2021,30(1):169-178
Unpredictable hypertrophic scarring (HS) occurs after approximately 35% of all surgical procedures and causes significant physical and psychological complaints. Parallel to the need to understanding the mechanisms underlying HS formation, a prognostic tool is needed. The objective was to determine whether (systemic) immunological differences exist between patients who develop HS and those who develop normotrophic scars (NS) and to assess whether those differences can be used to identify patients prone to developing HS. A prospective cohort study with NS and HS groups in which (a) cytokine release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and (b) the irritation threshold (IT) after an irritant (sodium lauryl sulphate) patch test was evaluated. Univariate regression analysis of PBMC cytokine secretion showed that low MCP‐1, IL‐8, IL‐18 and IL‐23 levels have a strong correlation with HS (P < .010‐0.004; AUC = 0.790‐0.883). Notably, combinations of two or three cytokines (TNF‐a, MCP‐1 and IL‐23; AUC: 0.942, Nagelkerke R2: 0.727) showed an improved AUC indicating a better correlation with HS than single cytokine analysis. These combination models produce good prognostic results over a broad probability range (sensitivity: 93.8%, specificity 86.7%, accuracy 90,25% between probability 0.3 and 0.7). Furthermore, the HS group had a lower IT than the NS group and an accuracy of 68%. In conclusion, very fundamental immunological differences exist between individuals who develop HS and those who do not, whereas the cytokine assay forms the basis of a predictive prognostic test for HS formation, the less invasive, easily performed irritant skin patch test is more accessible for daily practice. 相似文献
2.
Oliver Sartor MD Daniel Heinrich MD Neil Mariados MD Maria José Méndez Vidal MD Daniel Keizman MD Camilla Thellenberg Karlsson MD Avivit Peer MD Giuseppe Procopio MD Stephen J. Frank MD Kalevi Pulkkanen MD Eli Rosenbaum MD Stefano Severi MD José Trigo MD Lucia Trandafir MD Volker Wagner MD Rui Li MS Luke T. Nordquist MD 《The Prostate》2019,79(14):1683-1691
3.
Federico Giuseppe Usuelli Cristian Indino Camilla Maccario Luigi Manzi Federico Maria Liuni Ettore Vulcano 《Foot and Ankle Surgery》2019,25(1):19-23
Background
Total ankle replacement (TAR) represents an alternative to fusion for the treatment of end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively assess the frequency of infections between TARs with anterior and lateral transfibular approach at 12-months follow-up.Methods
81 TARs through an anterior approach and 69 TARs through a lateral approach were performed between May 2011 and July 2015. We compared surgical time and tourniquet time, as well as superficial and deep infections frequency during the first 12 postoperative months.Results
In the anterior approach group, there were 3 (3.7%) deep infections and 4 (4.9%) superficial wound infections. In the lateral approach group, there were 1 (1.4%) deep infection and 2 superficial wound infections (2.9%). There were not statistically significant differences between the groups. There was a significant difference between anterior approach (115 minutes) and lateral approach group (179 minutes) in terms of surgical time (P < 0.001).Conclusions
The frequency of superficial and deep periprosthetic infections during the first postoperative year was not significantly different in the lateral approach group compared to the anterior approach group, despite the significantly longer surgical time in the lateral transfibular approach group. 相似文献4.
5.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
6.
7.
Nutritional-inflammation status and resistance to erythropoietin therapy in haemodialysis patients. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Francesco Locatelli Simeone Andrulli Bruno Memoli Camilla Maffei Lucia Del Vecchio Stefano Aterini Walter De Simone Antonella Mandalari Giuliano Brunori Marcello Amato Bruno Cianciaruso Carmine Zoccali 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2006,21(4):991-998
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease patients who are resistant to erythropoietin (EPO) treatment may suffer from malnutrition and/or inflammation. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of haemodialysis patients, we investigated the relationship between the natural logarithm of the weekly EPO dose normalized for post-dialysis body weight and outcome measures of nutrition and/or inflammation [BMI, albumin and C reactive protein (CRP)] by means of multiple linear regression analysis. On the basis of the decile distribution of weekly EPO doses, we also evaluated four groups of patients: untreated, hyper-responders, normo-responders and hypo-responders. RESULTS: Six hundred and seventy-seven adult haemodialysis patients were recruited from five Italian centres. BMI and albumin were lower in the hypo-responders than in the other groups (21.3+/-3.8 vs 24.4+/-4.7 kg/m(2), P<0.001; and 3.8+/-0.6 vs 4.1+/-0.4 g/dl, P<0.001), whereas the median CRP level was higher (1.9 vs 0.8 mg/dl, P = 0.004). The median weekly EPO dose ranged from 30 IU/kg/week in the hyper-responsive group to 263 IU/kg/week in the hypo-responsive group. Transferrin saturation linearly decreased from the hyper- to hypo-responsive group (37+/-15 to 25+/-10%, P = 0.003), without any differences in transferrin levels. Ferritin levels were lower in the hypo-responsive than in the other patients (median 318 vs 445 ng/ml, P = 0.01). At multiple linear regression analysis, haemoglobin, BMI, albumin, CRP and serum iron levels were independently associated with the natural logarithm of the weekly EPO dose (R(2) = 0.22). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support a clear association between EPO responsiveness and nutritional and inflammation variables in haemodialysis patients; iron deficiency is still a major cause of hypo-responsiveness. 相似文献
8.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Andrea Wichelhaus Richard Haas Franz-Günter Sander Joachim-Franz Kreidler 《Journal of orofacial orthopedics》1998,59(6):340-351
For functional rehabilitation and improvement of mandibular mobility, 14 patients with dislocated collum or collum fracture dislocations were treated with a spring activator after surgical-conservative treatment. With an interincisal distance of<12 mm, therapy was started with a loop spring. The average age of the patients was 26.6 years. Eight patients showed additional traumatic injuries, 2 patients were seriously polytraumatically injured. The clinical investigations referring to the maximum mouth opening and maximal interincisal distance resulted in a good to very good functional rehabilitation in all cases. The average maximal interincisal distance of 31.7 mm at the beginning of the spring activator therapy could be increased to 47.3 mm. The largest increase of the maximal interincisal distance was observed after 4 weeks of therapy. The type of reaction, however, differed interindividually. Three patients showed a spontaneous improvement of the interincisal distance within the first 2 to 3 weeks of removal of intermaxillary fixation, whereas 7 patients whowed no improvement or only slightly improved values until insertion of the spring activator. An enlargement of the interincisal distance could be achieved in almost every patient within a relatively short period of time despite a drastically reduced mouth opening. Consequently, because of its mode of action in the form of a neuromuscular influence, the spring activator is especially suitable for the functional rehabilitation of patients with fractures of the condylar process. 相似文献
9.
Sander Greenland 《Statistics in medicine》1993,12(8):717-736
Many epidemiologic investigations are designed to study the effects of multiple exposures. Most of these studies are analysed either by fitting a risk-regression model with all exposures forced in the model, or by using a preliminary-testing algorithm, such as stepwise regression, to produce a smaller model. Research indicates that hierarchical modelling methods can outperform these conventional approaches. I here review these methods and compare two hierarchical methods, empirical-Bayes regression and a variant I call ‘semi-Bayes’ regression, to full-model maximum likelihood and to model reduction by preliminary testing. I then present a simulation study of logistic-regression analysis of weak exposure effects to illustrate the type of accuracy gains one may expect from hierarchical methods. Finally, I compare the performance of the methods in a problem of predicting neonatal mortality rates. Based on the literature to date, I suggest that hierarchical methods should become part of the standard approaches to multiple-exposure studies. 相似文献
10.