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排序方式: 共有344条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Reperfusion-induced arrhythmias and free radicals: studies in the rat heart with DMPO 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We have shown that the free radical spin trap DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide) reduces reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in a dose-dependent manner in the isolated perfused rat heart subjected to 10 min regional ischemia and 3 min reperfusion. At its optimal concentration (1,000 mumol/L) DMPO, added to the perfusate 5 min prior to ischemia, reduced (p less than 0.05) the incidence of reperfusion-induced irreversible ventricular fibrillation from 83 (10 of 12) to 33% (4 of 12). When hearts were subjected to ischemia (10 min) and reperfusion, with DMPO (1,000 mumol/L) added to the perfusion fluid only 2 min before reperfusion, comparable protection was observed. To ascertain whether or not DMPO achieved an absolute reduction in vulnerability to arrhythmias irrespective of the duration of ischemia, hearts (12 for each group) were also subjected to 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40 min of ischemia; DMPO (1,000 mumol/L) was added to the perfusate either 5 min before ischemia or 2 min before reperfusion. In each instance a bell-shaped time-response profile was obtained. In the DMPO-free controls this gave a maximal vulnerability to arrhythmias after 10 min of ischemia. In the DMPO-treated hearts this curve was shifted to the right, with a peak vulnerability at 20 min. These results indicate that the primary action of DMPO is to exert a delaying effect which extends the duration of ischemia that can be tolerated before the heart becomes vulnerable to reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. However, this effect is achieved during the reperfusion period and not during the preceding period of ischemia. The precise mechanism by which this free radical spin trapping agent achieves this unusual effect remains to be resolved, but in studies with light-inactivated DMPO, this protective effect was lost, indicating that its ability to be oxidized, possibly by superoxide or hydroxyl radicals, may be critical to its mechanism of action. 相似文献
2.
A Tosaki M Koltai D A Willoughby P Braquet 《Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology》1990,15(2):218-226
Isolated hearts from normotensive (NT) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats, subjected to normothermic global ischemia, were used to study whether cicletanine (a new antihypertensive drug) treatment exerts an antiarrhythmic effect against reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. The effect of the drug on myocardial ion contents (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) during ischemia and reperfusion was also determined. Using the optimal doses of cicletanine (30 and 100 mg/kg orally for 14 days), the incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) was reduced from their control values of 91 and 100% (after 30 min of ischemia) to 41 (p less than 0.05), 50 (p less than 0.05) and 41 (p less than 0.05), 58% in the NT group, while the corresponding value in the SH group for VF and VT were 17 (p less than 0.001), 33 (p less than 0.01) and 17 (p less than 0.001), 25% (p less than 0.001), respectively. The results obtained indicate that the cardioprotective effect of cicletanine was greater in the SH group than in the NT group. Cicletanine significantly reduced the ischemia- and reperfusion-induced myocardial Na+ and Ca2+ gains and inhibited the loss of myocardial K+ and Mg2+ in both NT and SH groups. The antiarrhythmic effect of cicletanine appears to be correlated with the preservation of myocardial Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents via an ion transport modulation. 相似文献
3.
Arpad Pereszlenyi Martin Igaz Ivan Majer Svetozar Harustiak 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2004,25(6):1059-1064
Objective: To review a single institution experience with tracheal stenosis treatment and to define a role of endotracheal stenting in tracheal reconstruction surgery. Patients and methods: In the period between January 1991 and January 2003, 163 patients underwent tracheal reconstruction. There were 114 males and 49 females in age range from 0.5 to 79 years (mean 43.2 years). Indications for reconstruction were: posttracheostomic (PostTS) and postintubation (PostINT) stenoses in 111 cases, tumor-stenosis in 24 cases, tracheo-esophageal fistulas (T-Efist) in 17 cases, traumatic laesions in six and functional stenosis in five cases. For these indications, the following procedures were performed: segmental tracheal resection in 87 cases, stenting in 68 cases (by our own modification of Montgomery T-tube in 65 cases and by other traditional endo-stents in three cases). Primary suture of traumatic tracheal wall was performed in five cases. Three cases involved laser intervention and tumor resections, respectively. Results: Segmental tracheal resection (n=87) was successful in almost all the cases (96%). T-tube was applied in 65 cases; the indications included: PostTS and PostINT stenoses in 38 cases, tumors in 17 cases, T-E fistulas in seven cases and functional stenosis in three cases. Twenty-seven patients (41.6%) were successfully treated by this modality. In 19 patients (29.2%), the stenting is still continuing, but they are candidates for extraction of the T-tube in near future. In 19 patients (29.2%) with malignant stenoses, the T-tube was applied only as a palliation. All these patients died due to their underlying malignant disease; the follow-up ranged from 2 to 18 months. Conclusion: Tracheal stenosis is a serious, life-threatening disease with increasing incidence. In our study, the best results were achieved by segmental tracheal resection. However, the endotracheal stenting is the method of choice, when the segmental resection cannot be performed. The management of tracheal stenosis reconstruction by our own modification of Montgomery T-tube is being presented. 相似文献
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Barabas AZ Cole CD Barabas AD Cowan JM Yoon CS Waisman DM Lafreniere R 《International journal of experimental pathology》2004,85(4):201-212
Summary Diffuse distribution of small, faintly staining, beaded deposits of rat immunoglobulin M (IgM) around the glomerular capillary blood vessels, and a more intensely staining larger deposition in the mesangium, were observed on the kidney sections of normal rats. As glomerular-fixed nephritogenic antigens are known to be present on the epithelial aspect of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), especially at the soles of foot processes and at the slit pores, it was assumed that the IgM antibodies were directed against these antigens. Investigation by immunofluorescent antibody double-staining techniques of rat kidney sections obtained from normal and rabbit anti-FX1A-injected rats stained for the nephritogenic antigen showed that a number of antigenic sites in the glomeruli and in the mesangium shared antibody hits by heterologous rabbit IgG and autologous rat IgM antibodies. Most sites in the glomeruli stained specifically for rat IgM or rabbit IgG, but preferentially for the latter. The intensely fluorescent mesangial deposits stained mainly for rat IgM, indicating that at these sites the antigenic material was virtually saturated, while areas at the entry to the mesangial space also stained for rabbit IgG, indicating that at these locations free nephritogenic epitopes were still available for reaction with the anti-FX1A antibody. Western blot analysis have shown that the rabbit anti-rat FX1A IgG and the rat anti-rat KF3 IgM antibodies are directed against the same renal tubular-derived antigen with a molecular weight of 70,000. These experimental findings collectively demonstrate that the heterologous IgG and autologous IgM antibodies are directed against the same nephritogenic antigen, which is found in the glomeruli, the mesangium and the proximal convoluted tubules. Thus, the IgM autoantibody has a possible physiological role but, in addition, there is evidence of active immunophagocytic events, manifested in a rapid and continuous entrapment and expulsion of macromolecules after their processing by the mesangial cells of normal and passive Heymann nephritis rats. 相似文献
6.
Endesfelder S Kliche A Lochmüller H von Moers A Speer A 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》2005,83(1):64-71
Increased levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 associated with decreased myoblast proliferation may be involved in the dystrophic process in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Therefore we are interested to improve the proliferation of primary myoblasts of DMD patients by a reduction in p21 using either antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) or short interfering RNAs (siRNA). After transient transfection of myoblasts in cell culture proliferation was analyzed using a 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine assay comparing specific transfected cells with untransfected cells and cells transfected with scrambled ASO and luciferase siRNA, respectively. Four of five Dystrophin-deficient (Dys–) cell culture samples revealed an increase in proliferation between 7% and 18% compared to untransfected cells and between 8% and 36% compared to cells transfected with scrambled ASO. Transfection with siRNA was performed for selected samples to determine whether siRNA is more effective in gene silencing than ASO. The increase in proliferation using luciferase siRNA as reference was comparable to or less than ASO data using scrambled ASO as reference. Using untransfected cells as reference, the increase in proliferation was higher for siRNA than ASO (20–47% vs. 7–18%), but the data must be carefully interpreted with respect to nonspecific effects on gene expression by siRNA. Our findings of transient p21 gene silencing represent a basis for viral vector-mediated drug-inducible p21 shRNA expression in Dys– myoblasts which might enhance, prolong and regulate the proliferation effect.S. Endesfelder and A. Kliche contributed equally to this work 相似文献
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Cline Forster Arpad Hasenauer Jean Yannis Perentes Etienne Abdelnour-Berchtold Matthieu Zellweger Thorsten Krueger Michel Gonzalez 《Journal of thoracic disease》2022,14(6):1980
BackgroundVideo-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is now the preferred approach for standard anatomical pulmonary resections. This study evaluates the impact of operative time (OT) on post-operative outcomes after VATS anatomical pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy or segmentectomy for NSCLC between November 2010 and December 2019. Postoperative outcomes were compared between short (<150 minutes) and long (≥150 minutes) OT groups. A multivariable analysis was performed to identify predictors of long OT and overall post-operative complications.ResultsA total of 670 patients underwent lobectomy (n=496, 74%) or segmentectomy (n=174, 26%) for NSCLC. Mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed in 621 patients (92.7%). The median OT was 141 minutes (SD: 47 minutes) and 387 patients (57.8%) were operated within 150 minutes. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given in 25 patients (3.7%). Conversion thoracotomy was realized in 40 patients (6%). Shorter OT was significantly associated with decreased post-operative overall complication rate (30% vs. 41%; P=0.003), shorter median length of drainage (3 vs. 4 days; P<0.001) and shorter median length of hospital stay (6 vs. 7 days; P<0.001). On multivariable analysis, long OT (≥150 minutes) (OR 1.64, P=0.006), ASA score >2 (OR 1.87, P=0.001), FEV1 <80% (OR 1.47, P=0.046) and DLCO <80% (OR 1.5, P=0.045) were significantly associated with postoperative complications. Two predictors of long OT were identified: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR 3.11, P=0.01) and lobectomy (OR 1.5, P=0.032).ConclusionsA prolonged OT is significantly associated with postoperative complications in our collective of patients undergoing VATS anatomical pulmonary resection. 相似文献
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