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排序方式: 共有800条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
Sheela R Geraghty Barbara S Davidson Barbara B Warner Amy L Sapsford Jeanne L Ballard Betsy A List Rachel Akers Ardythe L Morrow 《Journal of human lactation》2005,21(1):59-66
Although there are well-established clinical human milk banks in the United States, there are no milk banks specifically intended to foster research on human milk. The authors' goal was to establish a milk bank with a core data set to support exploratory and hypothesis-driven studies on human milk. Donations to the Cincinnati Children's Research Human Milk Bank are accepted within the context of ongoing, hypothesis-driven research or on an ad hoc basis. Donors must give informed consent, and scientists wishing to use the samples must have Institutional review board approval for their use. Development of more research human milk banks can potentially provide resources for multidisciplinary collaboration and advance the study of human milk and lactation. 相似文献
2.
Steven G. E. Marsh Ekkehard D. Albert Walter F. Bodmer Ronald E. Bontrop Bo Dupont Henry A. Erlich Daniel E. Geraghty John A. Hansen Bernard Mach Wolfgang R. Mayr Peter Parham Effie W. Petersdorf Takehiko Sasazuki Geziena M. Th. Schreuder Jack L. Strominger Arne Svejgaard Paul I. Terasaki 《International journal of immunogenetics》2002,29(6):463-515
3.
4.
E I Traboulsi J C Silva M T Geraghty I H Maumenee D Valle W R Green 《American journal of ophthalmology》1992,113(3):269-280
The eyes of a 22-month-old girl with the cobalamin C complementation type of combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria were studied with light and electron microscopy. We observed vacuolization of the iris pigment epithelium, loss of photoreceptors in the central 3.3 mm of the macula, partial loss of the nerve fiber and ganglion cell layers between the fovea and optic disk, and partial optic atrophy. The sclera in the posterior pole was thickened with deposition of mucopolysaccharide. Electron microscopy showed inclusions containing fine granular material in conjunctival fibrocytes; corneal epithelium, keratocytes, and endothelial cells; iris pigment epithelium; ganglion cells; retinal pigment epithelium; and choroid and scleral fibrocytes. Enlarged mitochondria and clear vacuoles distended the corneal endothelial cells. We found evidence of possible lysosomal dysfunction and mucopolysaccharide storage, as well as a clinicopathologic correlation of the macular degeneration in this disease. 相似文献
5.
Fiona Campbell MD MRCPath John M Geraghty MBBS MRCPath Mark A.C Appleton MBChB MRCPath E.Dillwyn Williams MD FRCP FRCPath Geraint T Williams MD FRCP FRCPath 《Human pathology》1998,29(12):1531-1535
Colorectal tumorigenesis in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) results from somatic mutation of either the normal APC allele or another growth control gene in epithelial cells bearing a germline APC defect. The rate at which tumors develop is therefore dependent on the somatic mutation frequency; it is not known whether this is normal or elevated in FAP. We aimed to quantify stem cell somatic mutation in FAP, comparing it with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Stem cell somatic mutation frequency was studied in 47 FAP patients, 5 HNPCC patients, and 13 CD patients, all younger than 49 years, by quantifying crypt-restricted loss of O-acetyltransferase activity in sections of morphologically normal colonic mucosa from individuals heterozygous for this monogenically inherited polymorphism. Median stem cell somatic mutation frequency was significantly higher in FAP than HNPCC (4.2 × 10−4v 1.4 × 10−4, Mann-Whitney U, P < .02). The level in CD (4.0 × 10−4) was similar to FAR Mutated crypts occurred in groups more frequently in FAP (22%) than HNPCC (12%) or CD (10%), suggesting an increase in stem cell division associated with crypt fission in FAP. We conclude that stem cell somatic mutation frequency is raised in non-neoplastic colorectal mucosa in FAR This is probably related to increased stem cell proliferation and contributes to the high rate of tumor formation in this condition. 相似文献
6.
Hydrosalpinges adversely affect markers of endometrial receptivity 总被引:22,自引:10,他引:22
Meyer WR; Castelbaum AJ; Somkuti S; Sagoskin AW; Doyle M; Harris JE; Lessey BA 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1393-1398
While in-vitro fertilization (IVF) was initially developed in women with
tubal factor infertility, recent clinical studies have suggested that the
presence of hydrosalpinges lowers implantation and pregnancy rates. We
postulated that these hydrosalpinges cause impaired endometrial
receptivity. A total of 103 women with hydrosalpinges were prospectively
evaluated, and compared with 55 infertile and 44 fertile controls. All
women had endometrial biopsies during the window of implantation, analysed
by conventional histological criteria, and also stained for three integrin
markers of endometrial receptivity (alpha1beta1, alpha4beta1 and alpha
vbeta3). Women with hydrosalpinges (cases) expressed significantly less of
the alpha vbeta3 integrin compared with controls. There was no difference
in expression of alpha1beta1 or alpha4beta1 among groups. A significantly
greater number of cases had out of phase histology and missing alpha vbeta3
(type I defects) and absent integrin expression despite normal histological
maturation (type II) defects, compared with controls. Of 20 women with
impaired endometrial receptivity who were also biopsied after hydrosalpinx
surgery, 70% demonstrated increased alpha vbeta3 expression. Seventy-seven
percent of type I and 57% of type II defects were corrected
postoperatively. Using markers of endometrial receptivity, this study
demonstrates that inflammatory hydrosalpinges have an adverse effect on
endometrial receptivity, which in some cases may be overcome by surgical
treatment of the hydrosalpinx.
相似文献
7.
AIMS--To investigate the histopathological changes in the livers of patients undergoing cholecystectomy and to relate these changes to the underlying biliary tract pathology. METHODS--Liver changes in 67 patients undergoing cholecystectomy were investigated. Sixty three had gall stones, one cholesterolosis only, and there were three cases of acute acalculous cholecystitis. RESULTS--Only 34% of the patients had completely normal liver biopsy specimens. The most clinically important pathology was found in 11 of the 14 patients with choledocholithiasis: three of these had cholangitis and eight had features of large bile duct obstruction (four also had chronic cholestasis and portal-portal linking fibrosis). Non-specific reactive hepatitis was the most common abnormality in the remaining 53 patients with cholecystitis alone, and was found in 18. A further four patients had chronic cholestasis without fibrosis and early primary biliary cirrhosis was a coincidental finding in another. Clinical symptoms were poorly correlated with gall bladder and liver pathology apart from an association between jaundice and choledocholithiasis. Liver function tests of obstructive pattern were noted in 23 of 58 patients, most of whom had choledocholithiasis or non-specific reactive hepatitis. Bile cultures were positive in 10 of 42 patients, predominantly in cases of cholangitis and acute cholecystitis. CONCLUSIONS--Cholangitis and extensive fibrosis associated with large bile duct obstruction are common findings in patients with choledocholithiasis. The liver disease may progress to secondary biliary cirrhosis if the obstruction is not relieved, emphasising the need for early surgery. A peroperative liver biopsy may be useful to exclude cirrhosis in these patients, but is unlikely to be informative in those with cholecystitis alone. 相似文献
8.
bcl-2 transgene expression promotes survival and reduces proliferation of CD3-CD4-CD8- T cell progenitors 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Proliferative expansion and apoptotic cell death play prominent roles in T
cell development. The molecular control of cell cycle progression and
apoptosis appear to be inter-connected since the Bcl-2 protein can inhibit
apoptosis and slow cell cycle progression in cortical thymocytes and mature
T cells, particularly during the transition from the quiescent state into
the cell cycle. Here the impact of bcl-2 transgene expression on
CD3-CD4-CD8- T cell progenitors was assessed. Bcl-2 enhanced the survival
of these progenitors at all of the four major differentiation stages, CD25-
CD44+ (pro-T1), CD25 + CD44+ (pro- T2), CD25 + CD44- (pro-T3) and
CD25-CD44- (pro-T4). However, it reduced cell cycling and slowed turnover
only in the pro-T4 subset. From an analysis of bcl-2 transgenic mice
expressing a TCR transgene or bearing a mutation in the scid or rag-1 gene
we conclude that Bcl-2 inhibits proliferation only of T cell progenitors
that are activated via the pre- TCR, not those stimulated via c-Kit and the
IL-7 receptor.
相似文献
9.
Mutations in the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor gene cause autosomal dominant and sporadic hypoparathyroidism 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Baron J; Winer KK; Yanovski JA; Cunningham AW; Laue L; Zimmerman D; Cutler GB Jr 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(5):601-606
Parathyroid hormone secretion is negatively regulated by a 7- transmembrane
domain, G-protein coupled Ca(2+)-sensing receptor. We hypothesized that
activating mutations in this receptor might cause autosomal dominant
hypoparathyroidism (ADHP). Consistent with this hypothesis, we identified,
in two families with ADHP, heterozygous missense mutations in the
Ca(2+)-sensing receptor gene that cosegregated with the disorder. None of
50 normal controls had either mutation. We also identified a de novo,
missense Ca(2+)-sensing receptor mutation in a child with severe sporadic
hypoparathyroidism. The amino acid substitution in one ADHP family affected
the N-terminal, extracellular domain of the receptor. The other mutations
involved the transmembrane region. Unlike patients with acquired
hypoparathyroidism, patients with these mutations had hypercalciuria even
at low serum calcium concentrations. Their greater hypercalciuria
presumably reflected activation of Ca(2+)-sensing receptors in kidney
cells, where the receptor negatively regulates calcium reabsorption. This
augmented hypercalciuria increases the risk of renal complications and thus
has implications for the choice of therapy.
相似文献
10.