泽泻汤合黄连温胆汤加味治疗脑积水验案1则

正脑积水是神经外科一种常见疾病,是由于颅脑疾患使脑脊液分泌过多或(和)循环受阻、吸收障碍,致使颅内脑脊液蓄积过多,脑室系统扩大或(和)蛛网膜下腔扩大的一种疾病。脑积水也是颅内血管疾病的常见并发症之一。脑积水可发生在任何年龄,对于成人和青少年患者脑积水颅内高压多表现为头痛、颈部疼痛、恶心和呕吐、虚弱无力、嗜睡或昏睡、走路困难或小便失禁等症状。因脑积水致病因素复杂,目前临床尚无确切有效的防治措施,笔者临床通     

术前减轻黄疸对壶腹部癌行Whipple手术治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨术前减轻黄疸对壶腹部癌患者行Whipple手术治疗效果的影响。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月—2018年7月45例在Whipple手术术前行减轻黄疸治疗的壶腹部癌患者(减轻黄疸组)的临床资料,与同期34例行Whipple手术术前未行减轻黄疸治疗的壶腹部癌患者(未减轻黄疸组)的临床资料进行比较。比较两组患者术前、术中情况(手术时间、出血量、输血量)和术后并发症的差异。结果:减轻黄疸组患者治疗后总胆红素(TBil)、结合胆红素(DBil)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组R 0切除率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。减轻黄疸组手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量优于未减轻黄疸组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。减轻黄疸组术后并发症发生率、胰漏发生率和胆漏发生率少于未减轻黄疸组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:壶腹部癌患者行Whipple手术术前彻底减轻黄疸,可以缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量和术后并发症的发生。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

血液透析内瘘的简便术式-动静脉套接法

血液透析是慢性肾功能衰竭患者重要的替代治疗手段之一.目前临床用动静脉端端、端侧吻合的方法建立动静脉内瘘.本组报告一种简单安全、并发症少的动静脉套接内瘘术方法,现报道如下.……     

肩胛骨腹面骨软骨瘤

骨软骨瘤常见，约占全身良性骨肿瘤的３６％，恶性骨肿瘤的１０％。但发生在肩胛骨的骨软骨瘤很少，若发生于肩胛骨的腹面，由于其具有隐蔽性，临床上容易造成误诊、漏诊。１９８０年来，我院共收治发生于肩胛骨腹面的骨软骨瘤４例。资料与方法一、一般资料本组４例，男２例，女２例；年龄分别为１１、８、７、４岁。左侧３例，右侧１例。病程自出现症状起分别为４、４、３．５、３年。２例为多发性骨软骨瘤、２例单发。均进行过CT扫描检查。入院前诊治经过：２例并发假性翼状肩，被误诊为真性翼状肩，一直未得到治疗；１例引起肩部疼痛，…     

泛发性表皮痣1例

近期我们见到面积广泛、表现特异的表皮痣1例,现报道如下. 临床资料 患者女,27岁.因面、颈、胸背、四肢起疣状物20余年就诊.自述生后不久全身出现黑斑,无自觉症状,后逐渐增多、高起.10余岁时,增长较快,近2年皮损无明显变化.     

完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并十二指肠壶腹周围癌一例报告与文献复习

目的总结完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并十二指肠壶腹周围癌的临床诊治方法。方法报道2006年3月收治的1例极为罕见的完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并十二指肠壶腹周围癌行胰十二指肠切除术的病例,并复习国内外相关文献。结果本例患者病理诊断为十二指肠乳头及壶腹部腺癌Ⅰ-Ⅱ级。术后1周胆红素降至正常;但2周后出现胃-空肠吻合输出袢粘连性不完全性梗阻,经内镜下置管、鼻饲、营养支持、针灸等处理,40d后痊愈出院。经检索,全球自1936-2006年间报道的全胸腹腔内脏反位合并恶性肿瘤的患者仅15例;其中只有5例全胸腹腔内脏反位合并胰头与壶腹周围癌的报道。结论完全性胸腹腔内脏反位合并肿瘤时,若无明显禁忌证,应同样予以积极的外科治疗,术中操作应注意完全相反的解剖学结构。     

外加磁场对半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒在大鼠体内分布影响的研究

目的观察半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒(ADR-GHMN)在正常肝脏中的靶向性,并观察ADR-GHMN在全身各脏器的分布特征及外加磁场对其分布的影响.方法大鼠正中开腹,肝动脉插管并固定,肝动脉注射125I-ADR-GHMN(相当于阿霉素0.5 mg/kg),左外叶加磁场,磁场应用30 min,移去磁场后,动物立即处死;对照组:肝动脉注射ADR-GHMN,左外叶不加磁场,30min后,移去磁场后,动物立即处死,立即取靶区肝、非靶区肝、肾、心、肺、小肠、脾及周围血作γ计数.肝组织作病理切片.结果注入的纳米粒75～85%分布于肝脏,其它脏器极少.病理切片显示磁区小动脉见大量纳米粒存在,对照组及非磁区肝中纳米粒很少见.结论ADR-GHMN在正常肝组织中有明显的磁靶向性;在磁场作用下,ADR-GHMN主要分布于肝脏,其它脏器含量很少;试验组肾、心、肺、小肠、脾及外周血于对照组的放射活性比较明显降低,表明磁性物质的存在使这些脏器的相对药物暴露明显减少.