褪黑素／低聚糖对老年人肠道菌群影响的临床研究

目的研究褪黑素／低聚糖（脑白金）对老年人肠道菌群的影响。方法按“保健食品检验与评价技术规范”设计,44例〉60岁老年人随机分为2组,脑白金组服用脑白金（褪黑素／低聚糖）,对照组服用安慰剂（淀粉／焦糖色素）,均连服14d。结果服用14d后,脑白金组与安慰剂组比较,脑白金组服用前后自身进行比较,双歧杆菌及乳杆菌均增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;而拟杆菌与肠杆菌减少,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论脑白金能促进老年人体内有益菌双歧杆菌及乳杆菌的增殖,抑制有害菌拟杆菌和条件致病菌肠杆菌的增殖。     

日本医疗护理事故和差错的研究进展

综述了有关护理事故和差错的预防措施及护理用具的制作和改进方法     

非典来了,糖尿病人“慌”了

一段时期以来,SARS(非典)的流行,给人们的心灵带来了很大的冲击,由于它传染性强,死亡率较高,使很多人担心自己受到感染,有的人寝食不安、不敢出门,甚至患上“SARS(非典)恐惧综合征”。 其实,在面对大自然的重大灾难时,产生紧张、恐慌的心理是正常的,适度的紧张对于提高机体的警觉系统,加强对“非典”的防范,动员机体的适应系统,产生积极抵抗     

老年人记忆能力的分析及训练

目的探讨老年人记忆能力的变化.方法采用韦氏记忆量表对老年人进行记忆能力测验.结果记忆商高于常模,性别之间无差异,年龄小者记忆商明显好于年龄大者,受教育高者记忆商明显好于受教育低者,受教育高者在分项目测验中顺记、逆记、背数成绩也好于受教育低者.结论老年人的长时记忆和瞬时记忆要好于短时记忆,故在训练学习过程中加以重视.     

部分法官的心理健康与人格特征的研究

目的:分析部分司法人员的心理健康状况与人格特征。方法:观察组194人,男性128人,女性66人,年龄28～57(38.97±6.96)岁;对照组150人,其中男性99人,女性51人,年龄26～58(39.23±7.12)岁。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)及艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),分别对观察组及对照组进行评分。结果:观察组SCL-90的人际和敌对因子分低于中国常模,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。观察组的EPQ中P分、N分明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组P量表与SCL-90中除躯体化外的各因子分及总分存在弱的正相关关系(R>0.2)。N量表与SCL-90各指标均存在中度以上正相关关系(R>0.4)。E量表除躯体化、敌对、偏执外各因子分及总分存在弱的负相关关系。所有相关检验P<0.05。结论:法官的心理健康状态同于或优于普通人群;法官的心理健康水平与人格有密切的关系。     

不要忽略暗示的力量

你们听过这样的趣闻吗?有个人进入冷藏室后被无意地关在了里面。顿时他极度地紧张起来,越想越怕,越怕越冷,最后竟然被“冻”得缩成一团,在惊恐中死去。可是,     

部分刑事警察的心理健康与人格特征研究

近年来有关职业紧张对警务人员心理健康的影响问题正在逐步受到重视,但国内外的相关研究只有为数不多的一些报道[1～7]。为加强刑警的心理保健工作,对某市的部分刑事警察进行了心理健康水平及人格特征的调查。现报告如下:1对象和方法     

Assessment of the clinical effect of Chinese medicine therapy combined with psychological intervention for treatment of patients of peri-menopausal syndrome complicated with hyperlipidemia

<正>Objective:To observe the effect of Chinese medicine therapy combined with psychological intervention(combined therapy) on the clinical symptoms and levels of blood lipids and sex hormones of patients of peri-menopausal syndrome complicated with hyperlipidemia.Methods:With the use of a randomizing digital table method,185 patients that fit the registration standard were randomly assigned to three groups.The 59 cases in Group A were treated with two Chinese patents,Kunbao Pill(坤宝丸) and Modified Xiaoyao Pill(加味逍遥丸);the 63 in Group B received psychological intervention alone;and the 63 in Group C were treated with both(the combined therapy),with the treatment course for all six months.The items of observation included: (1) scoring by SCL-90 on eight factors and seven symptoms;(2) scoring on Chinese medicine symptoms by Kupermann scale,including anxiety and bad temper,scorching sense ation with sweating,dizziness,tinnitus, soreness and weakness of the loin and knees,palpitation,insomnia,lassitude,weakness,and hyposexuality; (3) blood contents of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),apoprotein Al(ApoAl) and B(ApoB);(4) levels of sex hormones, including estradiol(E_2),progesterone(P),pituitary prolactin(PRL),follicular stimulating hormone(FSH),and luteinzing hormone(LH) in some randomly selected patients;(5) adverse reaction;and(6) one-year follow-up study on long-term effect.Results:A total of 21 patients(6,8,and 7 cases in Groups A,B,and C,respectively) dropped out;the drop-out rate was insignificant among groups.(1) The markedly effective rates in Group A, B,and C were 26.42%(14/53),18.18%(10/55),and 53.57%(30/56),respectively,and the total effective rates in them were 64.15%(34/53),50.91%(28/55),and 87.50%(49/56),respectively,suggesting the therapeutic efficacy in Group C was significantly better than that in Groups A and B(P0.01).(2) SCL-90 scoring showed that the total scores decreased significantly after treatment in Group C(P0.01),but remained unchanged in Groups A and B(P0.05).(3) Scoring on Chinese medicine symptoms showed the same results as shown by SCL-90 scoring in terms of total scores and individual symptoms,except that menstrual disorder and amenorrhea were unchanged in all three groups(P0.05).(4) Levels of HDL-C,ApoAl,and E_2 increased and those of TG,TC,LDL-C,ApoB,FSH,and LH decreased after treatment in Group C,reaching near normal levels;similar trends of blood lipids were shown in Group A,but the level of sex hormones was unchanged.In Group B all the above-mentioned indices were unchanged(P0.05).(5) A one-year follow-up study showed the markedly effective rate and the total effective rate in Group C were higher than those in the other two groups respectively(P0.01).(6) No adverse reaction was found.Conclusion:Chinese medicine therapy combined with psychological intervention could not only improve the nervous symptoms,but also regulate the blood levels of lipids and sex hormones in patients of peri-menopausal syndrome complicated with hyperlipidemia.     

褪黑素对老年人情绪障碍调节作用的临床研究

目的 研究褪黑素（改善睡眠药）对有睡眠障碍及患有轻度心脑血管病的老年人焦虑、抑郁状态的影响.方法 用多中心随机双盲和安慰剂平行对照试验设计,224例60岁以上亚健康和非急性期心脑血管病患者随机分为2组,试验组口服褪黑素3～6 mg;对照组口服安慰剂,均连服24周.用焦虑和抑郁自评量表（SAS,SDS）进行评分.结果 服用褪黑素1,3,6个月后,SAS、SDS评分均值均下降,与对照组比较有统计学显著性差异（P＜0.05～0.0001）;6个月时,焦虑情绪减少的有效率为69.4%,抑郁情绪改善的有效率为67.6%.结论 褪黑素能明显改善老年人焦虑和抑郁情绪.