主动脉夹层瘤的护理体会

目的探讨主动脉夹层动脉腔患者的护理方法。方法分析、总结7例主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者从入院的紧急评估和紧急处理，住院期间的治疗护理，到出院是的健康宣教。结果1例患者选择手术，结果手术成功，住院15天后出院。5例选择保守卧床，药物治疗，均于40～50天后好转出院。1例因病情较重，入院后3天因夹层破裂，抢救无效死亡。结论入院对患者疼痛的观察及有效止痛、镇静；控制血压、降低心率为为患者保守治疗和手术治疗均为有效的方法，利于病情的转归。     

呼吸机无创高频振荡通气在极低出生体质量儿呼吸窘迫综合征 42例中的疗效分析

目的 探讨无创高频振荡通气在极低出生体质量儿呼吸窘迫综合征拔管撤机后的效果.方法 选择2017年3月至2019年2月在四川省妇幼保健院接受有创呼吸支持超48 h,并在出生3周内撤机的极低出生体质量呼吸窘迫综合征病儿85例进行回顾性分析.根据接受呼吸支持的不同将其分为两组,对照组43例行经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP),观察组42例行经鼻无创高频振荡通气模式(NHFOV).对比两组7 d内撤机成功率、血气分析指标、一般情况、并发症发生情况.结果 观察组7 d内撤机成功率为83.72％,明显高于对照组的65.12％(P<0.05).两组二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)水平均明显下降,但观察组下降幅度更大,两组氧分压(PaO2)及氧分压/吸氧分数(FiO2)水平均明显升高,但观察组升高更明显(P<0.05).两组总辅助通气时间对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组开奶时间及全肠喂养时间均明显较对照组短(P<0.05).对照组共出现14例(33.33％)并发症,与观察组出现5例(11.63％)对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 NHFOV较NCPAP可明显提高极低出生体质量儿呼吸窘迫综合征拔管撤机成功率,改善病儿血气分析指标,缩短开奶时间及全肠喂养时间,降低并发症发生率.     

Establishment of a nomogram model for the early diagnosis of childhood sepsis北大核心CSCD

Objective To establish a nomogram model for the early diagnosis of sepsis in children. Methods A total of 76 children with sepsis who were admitted to Sichuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively selected as the sepsis group. After matching for sex and age (±2 years) at a ratio of 1:1:1, 76 children with local infection who were hospitalized during the same period were enrolled as the local infection group, and 76 children with non-infectious diseases were enrolled as the control group. The three groups were compared in terms of laboratory markers and the results of quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) and Pediatric Critical Illness Score (PCIS). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the above indicators and sepsis. R4.1.3 software was used to establish and validate the nomogram model for the early diagnosis of sepsis based on the results of the multivariate analysis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the value of the nomogram model, and the Bootstrap method was used to perform the internal validation of the model. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, qSOFA score, PCIS score, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 were independently associated with childhood sepsis (P<0.05). The above indicators were used to establish a nomogram for the early diagnosis of sepsis, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.837 (95%CI: 0.760-0.914), and the calibration curve results showed a mean absolute error of 0.024, suggesting that the performance of this model was basically consistent with that of the ideal model. Conclusions The indicators soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, qSOFA score, PCIS score, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 are independently associated with childhood sepsis, and the nomogram model established based on these indicators has high discriminatory ability and accuracy in the early diagnosis of sepsis in children. © 2022 Xiangya Hospital of CSU. All rights reserved.     

主动脉内球囊反搏术的应用及护理

主动脉内球囊反搏术（intro-aortic balloon pumping，IABP）是目前心脏血管疾病，临床应用比较广泛而有效的机械辅助循环方法之一。1958年，Harken^[1]首次提出主动脉内球囊反搏的概念，1962年，Mouloupulos^[2]报道用于心肌梗死的治疗，1967年，Kantrowitz^[3]首先用于心源性休克的治疗并获得成功。     

内科老年病人的心理特点及护理

为探讨内科老年住院患者的临床特点及心理护理.选取37例内科老年住院患者,依据内科老年住院患者的心理和生理特点,在建立良好的护患关系的基础上,进行心理护理、临床护理和用药护理.问卷调查的结果显示患者和家属对护理的满意率达91%.在临床护理中采用有效的心理护理措施可产生满意的效果,为治疗工作提供最佳心理状态.