超声引导下穿刺置管引流治疗妊娠期合并高位肛周脓肿的疗效观察

目的探讨超声引导下穿刺置管引流治疗妊娠期合并高位肛周脓肿的疗效。方法选取2016年1月至2017年10月沧州市中心医院诊治的100例妊娠期合并肛周脓肿患者作为研究对象。将其随机分为两组,每组50例患者。观察组50例患者采用超声引导下穿刺置管引流,对照组50例患者采用高位切开挂线术。对两组患者疼痛程度和肛门括约肌功能进行评分,评价治疗效果,并记录患者住院时间、住院费用、创面愈合时间等情况,随访观察患者复发和并发症发生。结果观察组患者痊愈率为98.0%,对照组患者痊愈率为94.0%,其差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者创面愈合时间、住院时间和住院费用均少于对照组患者,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05);两组患者术后疼痛评分和肛门括约肌功能评分均明显降低,观察组患者相关评分均低于对照组患者,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05);观察组患者并发症发生率(2.0%)低于对照组患者并发症发生率(22.0%),其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者复发率(0%)低于对照组患者复发率(16.0%),其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对妊娠期合并高位肛周脓肿患者采用超声引导下穿刺置管引流治疗,疗效肯定,对患者损伤小,并发症少,复发率低,值得临床推广应用。     

肺鳞癌治疗新靶点FGFR的研究进展

肺癌是目前全球发病率和死亡率均居前列的恶性肿瘤，其中肺鳞癌经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后，其疗效仍不满意。随着分子靶向治疗在肺腺癌中取得了令人瞩目的成果，而肺鳞癌患者中EGFR基因突变及ALK融合基因少见，急需探索新的靶点指导肺鳞癌患者的临床治疗。研究表明，FGFR家族（FGFR1-4）是肺鳞癌中突变频率较高的基因，FGFR基因的激活突变和扩增与肺鳞癌的发生和发展密切相关，同时许多小分子 FGFR 抑制剂在临床应用中已经取得较好的治疗效果。目前，许多FGFR抑制剂治疗肺鳞癌的临床试验也正在进行研究，针对FGFR靶点的基因治疗可为肺鳞癌的治疗提供一种新的策略。本文就FGFR在肺鳞癌的靶向治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述。     

产后产妇300例心理状态调查及应对措施

根据现代医学模式，健康的标准是躯体健康，心理健康和社会适应良好。妇女在妊娠期、分娩期和产褥期承受着躯体和精神上的巨大压力；产后由于身体的变化、社会角色的改变，对产妇的认知、情感、行为具有明显影响。焦虑是人们对环境中一些即将面临的，可能会造成危险和威胁的重大事件，或者要做出重大努力的情况中进行适应时，心理上出现紧张和一种不愉快的期待。探讨产后产妇的心理状态变化及其原因，采取有效的应对措施，以保证产妇的健康及至婴幼儿的健康成长。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的临床观察

目的:观察诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的疗效。方法:对10例应用诺和灵短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗的1型糖尿病患儿以超短效胰岛素诺和锐等量替代短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗1个月,观察HbA1c等代谢指标变化。结果:用诺和锐治疗后患儿餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c显著下降,P<0．01,平均下降值分别为3．51±1．10 mmol／L与0．64％±0．19％。胰岛素用量与血脂无明显变化,P>0．05。治疗期间未发现明显低血糖。结论:超短效胰岛素诺和锐替代短效胰岛素可进一步控制餐后血糖．并显著降低HbA1c,有利于血糖控制。     

交通事故所致颅脑损伤的特点与救治

近年来，随着交通事业的发展，交通事故已成为对人类安全威胁的“一大公害”。在交通事故中，颅脑创伤的致伤机理比较复杂，伤情严重、合并伤多、处理棘手，是交通事故伤的主要死亡原因、结合我院急救中心２年来收治的病例，就致伤机理、损伤特点与救治原则进行讨论。交通...