孕期暴露苯并[a]芘对子代大鼠神经发育毒性的影响

Objective To study the effects of prenatal exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) on the physical development, early behavioral development, the adaptability to new environment and the learning and memory ability of rat offspring. Methods Pregnant rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group,olive oil group, 3 exposure groups (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg B [a]P). The rats were exposed to B [a]P) by intraperitoneal injection on the 17th-19th days during gestation. The offspring were weighed on postnatal days (PND)1, PND 4, PND 7 and PND 28, the indices of physical development, reflective ability and sensory function were detected for offspring, the Morris water maze and Open-field tests were used to measure the ability of learning and memory and the adaptability to new environment of offspring. Results The time of ear opening in middle and high-dose groups[(4. 1 ±0.4),(5.0±0.4) d] was posterior to that in untreated and solvent groups[(3.3±0.5),(3.4±0.6) d](P＜0.01).The attainment rate (6.5%) of the surface righting reflex test in highdose group on the 4th day was significantly lower than that (36.1%) in untreated group, the attainment rate(50.0%) in high-dose group on PND7 was significantly lower than those (81.3% and 79.3%) in untreated group and solvent group (P＜0.05). Compared to the untreated group, the time of forelimb hanging test in all exposure groups on PND12 and PND14 significantly decreased; compared to the solvent group the time of forelimb hanging test decreased in high-dose group on the 14th day significantly decreased (P＜0.01). The attainment rate (61.9%) of olfactory discrimination in high-dose group on PND 12 was significantly lower than that (94.3%) in untreated group (P＜0.05). The results of morris water maze test showed that the escape latency of different dose groups significantly increased, and the time of spatial probe and the times of traversing flat in high-dose group decreased significantly, as compared to the untreated and solvent groups(P＜0.01). The results of open-field test indicated that the center retention time in middle and high-dose groups significantly prolonged, the times of crossing lattice obviously reduced, and the rearing times decreased in high-dose group,as compared to untreated(P＜0.05).Compared to the solvent group, the times of crossing lattice in all exposure groups reduced significantly(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Conclusion The prenatal exposure to B[a]P could inhibit the physical development and early behavioral development, and influence the adaptability to new environment and learning and memory ability for offspring.     

苯并[α]芘对神经细胞DNA损伤及细胞周期的影响

[目的]通过研究苯并[α]芘（BaP）染毒后神经细胞DNA损伤和神经元细胞周期改变,探索BaP致神经细胞凋亡的机制。[方法]采用新生1-3d的sD大鼠神经元细胞,培养5d。以BaP同时加入S9对细胞染毒,染毒组浓度分别为10、20、40μmol/L,并设空白对照组和溶剂对照组,继续培养48h。以20μmol／L BaP染毒,分别于染毒0、6、12、24、48h后处理细胞。用单细胞琼脂糖凝胶电泳（SCGE）检测DNA损伤,采用流武细胞仪检测细胞周期变化情况。[结果]SCGE结果显示,与空白对照组和溶剂对照组相比,20、40μmol／L染毒组神经细胞Olive尾矩、尾DNA含量、尾长均明显增加,头DNA含量明显降低,且有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。与Oh组相比,染毒48h组神经细胞Olive尾矩、尾DNA含量、尾长均有明显增加,头DNA含量明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。流式细胞仪检测结果显示,与空白对照组相比,40μmol／L染毒组G1期和s期神经细胞百分数差异有统计学意义（P〈0;05）;与Oh组相比,染毒48h组G1期和S期神经细胞百分数明显增加,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。[结论]BaP可引起神经细胞DNA断裂,诱发细胞周期重启。     

苯并（a）芘对神经细胞DNA损伤及细胞周期影响的体外研究

为通过研究苯并（a）芘染毒后神经细胞DNA损伤和神经元细胞周期改变，探索苯并（a）芘致神经细胞凋亡的机制。研究人员采用新生1～3天的SD大鼠，在无菌条件下取出大脑皮质并用0．25％胰酶消化，以1×10^5密度接种神经元细胞，培养5d，以苯并（a）芘同时加入S。对细胞染毒，并设空白对照组和溶剂对照组。用单细胞琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA损伤，采用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化情况。结果显示，与溶剂对照组相比，     

山西省消毒产品专项整治效果分析

<正>消毒是卫生防病工作的重要组成部分,是贯彻我国"预防为主"卫生工作方针的重要环节。消毒产品是指专门用于杀灭和清除传播媒介上的病原微生物、预防控制传染病的一类特殊的健康相关产品。根据《消毒管理办法》的规定及卫生部2003年第24号关于取消一次性医疗用品监管的公告,我国消毒产品包括消毒剂、消毒器械(含生物指示物、化学指示物和灭菌物品包装物)、     

纳米氧化铝的体外DNA损伤及氧化应激研究

目的 通过研究不同粒径及不同浓度纳米氧化铝颗粒对中国仓鼠肺细胞(CHL细胞)DNA损伤及氧化应激的影响,探索纳米氧化铝颗粒遗传毒性及作用机制.方法 选用13、50 nm和10μm 3种粒径的氧化铝颗粒为3个粒径组,每种粒径氧化铝又分别设低剂量(15 μg/ml)、中剂量(30 μg/ml)、高剂量(60μg/ml)组,另设空白对照组和阳性对照组.染毒24 h后处理细胞.用荧光显微镜观察cy5.5荧光标记纳米颗粒进入细胞的情况.用单细胞琼脂糖凝胶电泳(SCGE)检测DNA损伤,谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)评估氧化应激反应的指标.结果 荧光标记的纳米颗粒在细胞核周围分布.SCGE结果显示,与空白对照组相比,各染毒剂量组Olive尾矩有增加趋势,中、高剂量组Olive尾矩均明显增加(P＜0.05).氧化应激指标结果显示,随着染毒剂量的增加各种氧化应激指标明显变化,高剂量组与空白对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 纳米氧化铝颗粒可以引起CHL细胞DNA损伤和氧化应激反应,氧化应激反应可能是导致遗传毒性的机制之一.