骶神经调节治疗慢性排尿功能障碍的护理

目的 探讨骶神经调节治疗慢性排尿功能障碍的护理措施，为今后护理常规的制定提供依据。方法 回顾分析6例慢性排尿功能障碍病人接受骶神经调节治疗的护理资料。结果 6例骶神经调节测试病人中有5例的客观和或主观指标都改善了50％以上，其中2例接受了永久电极和可程控式骶神经调节器植入术后客观和或主观指标得到了显著改善。术前和术后病人心理稳定，能较好地配合治疗和护理。6例病人随访15～26个月，未发现明显不良反应和并发症。结论 术前积极的心理护理和充分的术前准备是保证骶神经调节治疗顺利进行的关键，术后康复指导和正确的护理是促进病人尽快康复，减少并发症发生的重要措施。     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

妊娠期下吻合静脉血栓形成并脑出血1例报告

1病历摘要患者女,30岁。因头痛5d,加重伴右侧肢体活动障碍5小时,孕10周入院。查体:神志清,混合性失语,颈项强直,右侧上肢肌力Ⅲ级,右下肢肌力0级,头颅CT平扫示CM线+30～+90mm层面左颞顶叶有约6.5cm×5cm不规则等高混杂密度影,周围见低密度水肿带中线结构明显右移左侧侧脑室受压。于急诊全麻下行幕上开颅血肿清除去瓣减压术。术中见血肿自左侧下吻合静脉后穿破皮质溢出,下吻合静脉明显增粗,其颜色黄白与蓝黑相间,似豹纹样,触之质硬、韧,用镊子伸入其上下方压迫后不塌陷,说明有血栓形成,于下吻合静脉前后方清除血肿。术后常规给予预防感染,…     

胆酸钠对人卵巢癌细胞系作用的研究

目的 探讨胆酸钠单独应用及联合全反式维甲酸对2株卵巢癌细胞系(COC2、CAOV3)的体外抑制作用。方法 2003年5～8月对经不同浓度的胆酸钠及胆酸钠联合全反式维甲酸作用后的两株细胞采用MTT比色法测定细胞生长抑制率，流式细胞仪测定细胞周期变化，并行培养细胞的光镜、电镜观察。结果胆酸钠对两株细胞的抗增殖活性在50～150mg／L范围内呈现剂量依赖效应，并且在两药合用时此作用更明显；单用胆酸钠及两药联合应用均能随用药浓度而明显增加G0／G1期细胞比例，降低S、G2／M期比例，并以两药合用更为明显；光镜、电镜结果显示：胆酸钠100mg／L组与全反式维甲酸10μmol／L组细胞形态变化相似，但两者合用时细胞凋亡明显。结论 在两株卵巢癌细胞中胆酸钠不但具有单独而且有协同全反式维甲酸抑制肿瘤的作用，胆酸钠能明显降低全反式维甲酸的用量从而减少其副反应，并且不降低其抗肿瘤作用。     

脑室-腹腔分流术治疗颅脑损伤后慢性脑积水40例临床疗效观察

目的:探讨颅脑损伤后慢性脑积水的诊治方法。方法:总结40例颅脑损伤后脑积水的患者,行脑室-腹腔分流术。结果:术后良好28例,中残8例,重残2例,植物状态2例,无手术直接死亡,手术后因肺内感染死亡1例。结论:脑室-腹腔分流可显著改善患者生存质量。     

非侵袭性检查指标对中老年男性膀胱出口梗阻的诊断价值

目的：探讨临床常用非侵袭性检查指标诊断膀胱出口梗阻（BOO）的准确性及可靠性。方法回顾性研究2003年11月—2015年11月在广州市第一人民医院就诊并接受压力—流率测定（PFS）的男性 LUTS ／BPH患者,以侵袭性的 PFS 为诊断 BOO 的“金标准”,以前列腺体积（PV）、移行带体积（TZV）、移行带指数（TZI）、前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、最大尿流率（Qmax）、剩余尿量（PVR）、剩余分数（RF）等非侵袭性检查指标为诊断指标进行诊断试验评价。结果筛选1319例患者纳入统计分析。以 ICS 列线图为诊断标准,PV、TZV、TZI、PSA、Qmax、RF、PVR 诊断 BOO 的 ROC 曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0．803、0．807、0．698、0．775、0．740、0．679、0．641;以 Schaefer 列线图为诊断标准,PV、TZV、TZI、PSA、Qmax、RF、PVR 诊断 BOO 的 AUC 分别为0．806、0．814、0．713、0．773、0．721、0．684、0．642。结论 PV、TZV、TZI、PSA、Qmax、RF、PVR 等非侵袭性指标对筛查及诊断中老年男性 BOO 有一定的参考价值及临床意义,其中 TZV、PV、PSA、Qmax 的诊断准确性较高。     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

枝孢样枝孢霉与卡氏枝孢霉形态超微结构的比较研究

目的:比较枝孢样枝孢霉和卡氏枝孢霉超微结构的差异,探讨其致病性差异。方法:采用PDA培养,对临床分离的枝孢样枝孢霉和卡氏枝孢霉超微结构进行比较研究。结果:枝孢样枝孢霉和卡氏枝孢霉超微结构有所不同,显示枝孢样枝孢霉真菌易于发生衰老,真菌细胞壁出现明显增厚等改变。结论:了解枝孢样枝孢霉的一些生物学特性,可用于对暗色枝孢霉病诊治,也能从一个角度说明枝孢样枝孢霉的致病性弱于卡氏枝孢霉。     

皮肤角质层及其损伤的研究进展

皮肤角质层（SC）位于表皮的最外层，具有独特的结构、物理和生化特性。可能引起由终末分化的角质细胞和镶嵌于其中的脂质基质组成，是机体的重要保护屏障，能抵抗外源性有害物质渗透和防止体内水分丢失。近年的研究表明，外界各种刺激因素如紫外线辐射、机械摩擦、有机溶剂等均可能引起SC结构和功能的损伤。萁损伤-修复过程复杂，机制尚不清楚，多种细胞因子、神经酰胺等均可能参与了此过程的调控。作者对SC的结构与功能、损伤与修复作一综述。