双孔双腔针头稀释抗生素的临床应用

为了便于大量稀释抗生素,我们自制了双孔双腔针头,减少了一步操作程序,缩短了时间,提高了工作效率。一、此针头的研制由于近年来抗生素的应用量越来越大,有些科室输液人数达30～40人,而且大多输入抗生素。经调查有的科室上午输液中要有上百支甚至几百支抗生素需要稀释。因护士少,经常只有处置室一个护士进行操作,准备时间长达一、两小时,等输到最后几个病人时,抗生素药价大大降低,而且易出现过敏反应。个别从地方来实习的护士为省时间,抗生素不加稀释起盖倒入液体中。有的科室,白班在位护士全力以赴协助处置室护士完成输液任务,而     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

中药促进透皮吸收作用研究近况

中药透皮给药制剂(外用)以其避免肝脏首过效应及胃肠道的毒副反应、长效、方便等独特的优势吸引着众多的国内外制剂研究者,并成为近年来国内外研究的热点.特别是欧美等国家对中药外用制剂及透皮吸收制剂的重视,使中药透皮给药系统的研究以及如何解决其药物对皮肤的穿透性和透皮速率等项研究更成为近年来国内外研究中药外用制剂的重点课题之一,本文就近年来促进中药透皮吸收作用的研究近况综述如下:     

从罗马Ⅱ到罗马Ⅲ—功能性胃肠病分类和诊断的变迁

功能性胃肠病是消化系统的常见病,2006年5月发布的最新修订的罗马Ⅲ标准,对功能性胃肠病的分类和诊断提出了更严格的标准。本文对罗马Ⅲ标准主要的变化作一介绍。     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

拓宽管理思路 促进科研整体水平提高

科学技术是第一生产力。市场条件下的竞争日趋激烈，其实质是科技与人才的较量。为了使中医科研的决策更具有科学性、先进性和可行性，笔者通过参与制定我院中医科研的全面规划，在调查研究和细致分析的基础上，就有关中医科研管理方面的想法试述如下。１着眼长远，制定中医科研的总体目标制定中医科研的总体规划，从发展规划、科研机构现状与预测的研究、中医事业战略研究等软科学研究等方面，为中医科研制定出切实可行的蓝图，使科研管理有遵循的目标与主攻方向。在指导思想上，以临床应用研究为主，遵循中医理论体系，坚持中医特色，探索…     

锁骨下静脉置管的护理体会

我科从2004年1月~2006年12月,对209例患者行锁骨下静脉置管,建立静脉输液通道、进行体液平衡监测及静脉营养治疗。此方法置管时间长,是抢救危重病人建立静脉通道较理想的方法。熟练的操作及精心护理可避免或减少并发症的发生,将护理体会总结如下。     

脑灰质异位症伴癫痫4例

脑灰质异位症（heterotopic gray inatter，HGM）是一临床少见的神经系统先天发育异常，可单独存在．亦可与其他脑畸形并存。顽同性癫痫常常是其主要表现，随着CT、MRI的普及，此病的报道逐渐增多。我院自2003年10月～2004年8月经MRI诊断发现4例，均伴癫痫，现报道如下。     

内源性转化生长因子β1对膀胱癌细胞体外生长的影响

目的：研究内源性转化生长因子β1（TGFβ1）对膀胱癌细胞增殖的影响及机制。方法：构建携TGFβ1反义RNA的复制缺陷型逆转录病毒载体pRevTβ-AS，转染膀胱癌EJ细胞株，观察抑制内源性TGFβ1表达对EJ细胞体外增殖的影响；流式细胞仪分析转染后细胞周期时相分布的改变。结果：将TGFβ1反义RNA导入EJ细胞并有效表达；抑制TGFβ1表达可以降低靶细胞的生长速度和克隆形成率，使细胞增殖指数下降12％；反义RNA转染的EJ细胞G0和G1期细胞占65．7％，高于对照组细胞，S期细胞占20．5％，低于对照组细胞。结论：内源性TGFβ1通过诱导膀胱癌细胞G1→S期转换，促进肿瘤细胞体外增殖。     

股静脉插管引起置管侧肢体肿胀分析及护理

男22例，女13例，年龄18～76岁，急性肾衰9例，其中挤压综合征合并急性肾功衰1例，坏死型胰腺炎并发急性肾功衰1例，肝肾综合征尿毒症1例。慢性肾衰26例，其中系统性红斑狼疮顽固性水肿1例，慢性肾炎肾功衰22例，糖尿病肾病3例，均采用单针双腔股静脉导管建立临时性血管通路。