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人类生殖细胞基因治疗是一个全新的医学领域,它可以从根本上治疗许多疾病,但是由于技术不完善以及存在众多伦理问题,所以该技术未能广泛应用于临床治疗和研究.人类生殖细胞基因治疗引发的伦理问题有：科学不可预知性的问题;生殖细胞基因治疗的社会风险问题;生殖细胞基因治疗改变人类多样性的问题;生殖细胞基因治疗的人权问题;如何判断基因“好”与“坏”的问题;生殖细胞基因治疗的经济价值问题.避免这些问题的对策有：政府应建立有效的管理和法律制度;生殖细胞治疗基因应符合国际技术规范和伦理规范;科学家和医学工作者应该加强道德修养,掌握应有的伦理学知识;加强教育宣传工作,使公众了解并接受该治疗方法. 相似文献
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Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignancies, whereas primary gastric lymphoma is relatively uncommon. The synchronous occurrence of both gastric adenocarcinoma and malignant gastric lymphoma in the same patient is extremely rare. It is still controversial about their etiology. Recent studies have suggested that not only gastric cancer but also primary gastric lymphomas, especially those of MALT type, are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. We report on a 48-year old male who was referred to our hospital for complaining his epigastric pain of three months duration. Endoscopic examination revealed an elevated lesion located at pylorus, and the biopsy demonstrated a moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma with superficial lamina muscularis invasion. Thus, the patient underwent total gastrectomy, and the resected specimen revealed the presence of both adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for LCA and CD20 in the infiltrated lymphoid cells. However, the lesion with lymphoma was focal and smaller than that of adenocarcinoma in size, which was different from that most of the adenocarcinoma were smaller and penetrated less than coexisting MALT lymphoma reported in literature. It seemed to suggest that two lesions were primely separate, but they integrated into a lesion for a long time. 相似文献
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随着我国临终关怀事业的发展,护理人员在临终关怀中的地位越来越重要,临终关怀的护理道德要求也越来越高.本文通过临终病人的心理及行为特点、临终关怀的护理道德原则、临终关怀的哪护理道德要求三个方面的分析,对临终关怀中护理道德进行探讨. 相似文献
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