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排序方式: 共有460条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
E. David G. Mcintosh Mark D. Bek 《Australian and New Zealand journal of public health》1997,21(7):791-792
Abstract: Using molecular finger–printing, we provided evidence that, in a children's day–care centre, a known hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) carrier transmitted HBV to another child (the index case). The chronic HBV carrier had an exudative skin lesion and a history of biting. We sought to identify other at–risk children and prevent further transmission. Blood samples were collected and tested serologically for HBV. Of the 90 other children, 78 (87 per cent) were tested and none had serological evidence of HBV infection; 73 (81 per cent) were of Caucasian background; 38 (49 per cent) had a history of HBV immunisation with serological confirmation. Therefore, 1 (2.4 per cent, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.0 to 12.8 per cent) of the 41 known susceptible contacts became infected. The risk of horizontal HBV transmission in a children's day–care centre is low but not negligible. Staff and children should be vaccinated when a child in a day–care centre is a known HBV carrier. 相似文献
2.
Charles J. Weschler Gabriel Bek? Holger M. Koch Tunga Salthammer Tobias Schripp J?rn Toftum Geo Clausen 《Environmental health perspectives》2015,123(10):928-934
Background
Fundamental considerations indicate that, for certain phthalate esters, dermal absorption from air is an uptake pathway that is comparable to or greater than inhalation. Yet this pathway has not been experimentally evaluated and has been largely overlooked when assessing uptake of phthalate esters.Objectives
This study investigated transdermal uptake, directly from air, of diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di(n-butyl) phthalate (DnBP) in humans.Methods
In a series of experiments, six human participants were exposed for 6 hr in a chamber containing deliberately elevated air concentrations of DEP and DnBP. The participants either wore a hood and breathed air with phthalate concentrations substantially below those in the chamber or did not wear a hood and breathed chamber air. All urinations were collected from initiation of exposure until 54 hr later. Metabolites of DEP and DnBP were measured in these samples and extrapolated to parent phthalate intakes, corrected for background and hood air exposures.Results
For DEP, the median dermal uptake directly from air was 4.0 μg/(μg/m3 in air) compared with an inhalation intake of 3.8 μg/(μg/m3 in air). For DnBP, the median dermal uptake from air was 3.1 μg/(μg/m3 in air) compared with an inhalation intake of 3.9 μg/(μg/m3 in air).Conclusions
This study shows that dermal uptake directly from air can be a meaningful exposure pathway for DEP and DnBP. For other semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) whose molecular weight and lipid/air partition coefficient are in the appropriate range, direct absorption from air is also anticipated to be significant.Citation
Weschler CJ, Bekö G, Koch HM, Salthammer T, Schripp T, Toftum J, Clausen G. 2015. Transdermal uptake of diethyl phthalate and di(n-butyl) phthalate directly from air: experimental verification. Environ Health Perspect 123:928–934; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409151 相似文献3.
4.
Jette Ammentorp Lars Toke Graugaard Marianne Engelbrecht Lau Troels Præst Andersen Karin Waidtløw Poul-Erik Kofoed 《Patient education and counseling》2014
In 2010 a communication program that included mandatory communication skills training for all employees with patient contact was developed and launched at a large regional hospital in Denmark. 相似文献
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7.
Sibel Gokcay Bek Necmi Eren Ant Uzay Serkan Bakirdogen 《Transfusion and apheresis science》2019,58(1):83-86
Here in this report a 31?year old pregnant woman with positive serum antiglobulin test against anti-D antierythrocyte antibodies who was treated succesfully with double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) is presented. The DFPP was started in the early stage of pregnancy together with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and the antierythrocyte antibody titer of the patient was successfully maintained in a stable level below 1:64 dilution. She delivered successfully on the 30th week of gestation. The favorable outcome of this patient implies that DFPP is an effective and safe treatment modality in pregnant women with red cell alloimmunization. 相似文献
8.
Topographic analysis of the cornea and computation of changes in corneal topography is difficult because of the lack of a standardized concept for analysing topographic information. We have used Fourier series harmonic analysis to decompose the often very complex information given in topographic images (TMS-1 video-keratograph). The polar data values arising from each mire were separated into spherical (average power), regular astigmatic (2′ harmonic) and non-regular astigmatic components. The non-regular astigmatic components were further divided into a decentration component (1′ harmonic) and a higher order irregular refractive component (root mean square (r.m.s.) of the residual between original data and the sum of spherical, 1′ and 2′ order components). Algorithms for utilizing the Fourier analysis technique on subjective refractive and on keratometric changes in regular astigmatism were also derived. Averages of the separate refractive components were calculated for groups of normal (right and left eye of 25 patients), keratoconic (13 eyes), and transplanted eyes (20 eyes), and average topographic maps were reconstructed and imaged. Changes in the separate topographic refractive components were compared with subjective refractive changes in eyes that had undergone combined myopic-astigmatic excimer laser ablation (8 eyes). Fourier series analysis was found superior to conventional keratometry in predicting spherical and regular astigmatic changes in subjective refraction. Fourier series analysis seems to be a powerful tool to decompose the information of complex topographic corneal images into rational optical components. 相似文献
9.
Müge Güler
zden Fatma Aydn Nilgün entürk Yüksel Bek Tayyar Cantürk Ahmet Yaar Turanl 《Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine》2010,26(3):162-164
Narrow‐band ultraviolet therapy has been used successfully for the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders and generalized pruritus. We have prospectively evaluated seven consecutive patients with resistant psychogenic excoriation (PE) treated with narrow‐band ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB). Approximately 70% of all patients showed improvement in their condition. NB‐UVB therapy was well tolerated, with no serious side effects. We may conclude that, when treating a patient with PE, NB‐UVB in combination with other approaches may provide extra benefit in resistant cases. 相似文献
10.
Martin Johannes Bek Sven Laule Christine Reichert-Jünger Rainer Holtkamp Michael Wiesner Cornelius Keyl 《Critical care (London, England)》2009,13(5):R162-4