The effect of fluoxetine on ischemia–reperfusion after aortic surgery in a rat model

Background

Aortic ischemia–reperfusion (IR) is an important factor in the development of postoperative acute lung injury after abdominal aortic surgery. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of fluoxetine (Flx), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor widely used as a preoperative anxiolytic, on lung injury induced by abdominal aortic IR in rats.

Methods

Wistar rats were randomized into three groups (n = 7 per group): (1) control (sham laparotomy); (2) IR without Flx (60-min ischemia and 120-min reperfusion); (3) IR with Flx (Flx + IR) (Flx 20 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally for 3 d before surgery). Lung tissue samples and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were obtained for biochemical analysis of oxidative status. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level and protein concentrations in BAL and lung wet to dry weight ratios were determined. Histologic evaluation of the lung tissues was also performed.

Results

IR without Flx led to significant increase in lipid hydroperoxide, malondialdehyde, and pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance and decrease in superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and ferric reducing antioxidant power activities (P < 0.05 versus control), whereas Flx was able to restore these parameters (P > 0.05 versus control) and decrease IMA level (P < 0.01 versus control) and protein concentration (P < 0.05 versus control) in BAL and wet to dry lung weight ratio. Histologic evaluation showed that Flx attenuated the morphologic changes associated with lung injury.

Conclusions

The results indicate that Flx confers protection against aortic IR-induced lung oxidative stress and cellular integrity. IMA levels in BAL may be used as a follow-up marker for the efficacy of treatment in lung injury.     

Influence of luting agent on the microleakage of all-ceramic crowns

PURPOSE: In this in-vitro study, microleakage of all-ceramic crowns was evaluated at enamel and dentin margins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10). While buccal and palatal margins were placed on enamel, mesial and distal margins were placed below the cementoenamel junction. In groups 1 to 3, IPS Empress 2 crowns were luted with Variolink 2/Syntac Classic (group 1), Bifix DC/Solobond Plus (group 2) and Calibra/Prime & Bond NT combinations (group 3), respectively. In the control group (group 4), porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns were luted with a zinc-phosphate cement. All specimens were subjected to 5000 thermocycles (at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C; 30-s dwell time). After immersion in India ink for 48 h at 37 degrees C, the specimens were sectioned both buccolingually and mesiodistally. Each section was evaluated for microleakage under a stereomicroscope at 24X magnification. RESULTS: According to the Krukal-Wallis test, in all groups, there were significant differences in microleakage at the enamel margins (p = 0.001). Nevertheless, the margins finished in dentin showed no significant differences (p = 0.163). According to the Mann-Whitney U-test, statistically significant differences were observed in microleakage between groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.049), groups 1 and 4 (p = 0.001), groups 2 and 4 (p = 0.002), and between groups 3 and 4 (p = 0.045) at the enamel margin. In group 1, significantly greater microleakage was observed at the dentin margin compared to the enamel margin (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: The adhesive luting technique demonstrated an excellent ability to minimize microleakage of all-ceramic crowns at the enamel margins. Water-based dentin bonding systems showed less microleakage than the water-free acetone-based dentin bonding system at the enamel margin.     

Serum adipokine levels in patients with sarcoidosis

Clinical Rheumatology - Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granuloma which etiology is unknown yet. Adipokines are different proteins synthesized by...     

Management of fistula of ileal conduit in open abdomen by intra-condoit negative pressure system

INTRODUCTION

We aimed to present the management of a patient with fistula of ileal conduit in open abdomen by intra-condoid negative pressure in conjunction with VAC Therapy and dynamic wound closure system (ABRA).

PRESENTATION OF CASE

65-Year old man with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit operation. Fistula from uretero-ileostomy anastomosis and ileus occurred. The APACHE II score was 23, Mannheim peritoneal index score was 38 and Björck score was 3. The patient was referred to our clinic with ileus, open abdomen and fistula of ileal conduit. Patient was treated with intra-conduid negative pressure, abdominal VAC therapy and ABRA.

DISCUSSION

Management of urine fistula like EAF in the OA may be extremely challenging. Especially three different treatment modalities of EAF are established in recent literature. They are isolation of the enteric effluent from OA, sealing of EAF with fibrin glue or skin flep and resection of intestine including EAF and re-anastomosis. None of these systems were convenient to our case, since urinary fistula was deeply situated in this patient with generalized peritonitis and ileus.

CONCLUSION

Application of intra-conduid negative pressure in conjunction with VAC therapy and ABRA is life saving strategies to manage open abdomen with fistula of ileal conduit.     

Color Change after 25% Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching with Photoactivation: A Methodological Assessment Using Spectrophotometer versus Digital Photographs

This study aimed to evaluate the color change of teeth bleached with light activation using two different objective color measurement approaches after two years of clinical follow-up. A cross-sectional retrospective clinical study according to STROBE was followed including 30 participants. The 25% hydrogen peroxide gel (Philips Zoom) was applied with a supplementary LED light for 15 min in four cycles. Tooth color was assessed based on CIEL*a*b* values using a spectrophotometer (Spectroshade) at different time points (baseline, post bleaching, 1 week, 1 year, and 2 years). Standardized digital photographs were taken at each time point. The L*, a*, and b* values were measured from the digital photographs using Adobe Photoshop software. The color difference (ΔE) was separately calculated using the L*, a*, and b* values obtained with spectrophotometric and photographic analyses at each evaluation time. Data were analyzed with non-parametric tests (p < 0.05). A color regression was detected by both measurement approaches after 1 and 2 years (p < 0.05). Greater ΔE values were acquired with the spectrophotometer compared to the digital photographic analysis (p < 0.05). Although a greater color change was observed with the spectrophotometer, both approaches were able to detect the color rebound using the 25% hydrogen peroxide light-activated in-office system. Digital photographic analysis might therefore be used to assess color change after bleaching.     

BHK cell attachment and growth on EDA-plasma-modified poly(L-lactide/epsilon-caprolactone) biodegradable films

In this study, attachment and growth of Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK) cells on ethylene diamine (EDA)-plasma-treated poly(L-lactide/epsilon-caprolactone) biodegradable copolymer films were investigated. The co-polymer (Mw: 58000; Mn: 35000 and PI 1.60) was synthesised by ring-opening polymerization of the respective dimers with using stannous octoate as the catalyst. The final ratio of L-lactide to epsilon-caprolactone obtained by 1H-NMR was 87:13. The co-polymer films were treated with the EDA-plasma in a glow-discharge apparatus. The BHK-30 cell line was cultured on plain and EDA-plasma-treated films and their pre-wetted forms (with ethanol and/or cell culture medium before use). Cell attachment and growth were followed. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and glucose uptake in cell culture medium were also investigated. There was no attachment in the first 12 h. Glow-discharge treatment increased significantly the attachment and growth. Pre-wetting with ethanol and cell culture medium was also increase significantly both the attachment and growth.