The efficacy of the antioxidant preparation Histochrome in the treatment of hemophthalmos in hypertension and diabetes mellitus

Hemophthalmos in patients with essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus was treated by antioxidant agent Histochrome manufactured by the Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Division of Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. The results were analyzed with reference to localization, volume, and period elapsed since hemorrhage into the vitreous body and by hemophthalmos index determined by biomicroscopy and echography of the vitreous body. Histochrome was the most effective in fresh hemophthalmos with 1-2 point index. Visual functions improved in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy without hemorrhagic syndrome.     

Hemophthalmos and posterior detachment of the vitreous body (an ultrasonic study)

A total of 133 patients with hemophthalmos and its aftereffects have been examined with the use of a digital processing gray scale ultrasonic B-scanner. Posterior detachments of the vitreous body (PDVB) have been revealed in 45 (33.8%) patients. In half of these patients the hyaloid membrane has been found bound to the optic disk or to the retina; this bond indicates the site of the hemorrhage from the injured vessel. V-shaped PDVB, connected with the optic disk, may be difficult to differentiate from a detachment of the retina. Three major factors should be borne in mind in such a differential diagnosis: the amplitude of the echo signal, the detachment topography and mobility. In 5 patients PDVB were combined with detachments of the retina. In 9 case PDVB have been a consequence of a retrovitreal hemophthalmos.     

Ultrasound in the diagnosis of macular pathology of the eye

MARK-500 gray-scale digital processing B scanner (ATL) with a probe frequency of 7.5 MHz was employed in examinations of 112 patients with various clinically verified macular conditions. B scanorgams were normal in nearly all dry maculodystrophy cases. In manifest fibrous exudative maculodystrophies the scanograms showed local thickening (up to 2.6 mm on an average) of the inner membranes (edema), dense sites (fibrosis, lipid and protein substance deposits). Only in several Irvin-Hass' syndrome cases with manifest cystous macular edema the scanograms showed local thickening of the membranes. Local detachment of the retina in the macular area was well seen, as was premacular fibrosis. Sub- and proretinal hemorrhages, neovascular membranes, poorly manifest fibrosis within the membranes were as a rule undetectable by echography. In cases with impaired transparency of the optic media or when the pupil cannot be dilated, present-day B echo scanning may be employed to detect grave abnormalities in the macular area.