The Relationship between College Graduate’s Dual Self-Consciousness and Job Search Clarity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between college graduates’ dual self-consciousness, job search clarity and perceived stress, and reveal the mediating role of perceived stress between dual self-consciousness and job search clarity. In this study, 467 college graduates were investigated using the Dual Self-Consciousness Scale, Job Search Clarity Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. After controlling for gender, age, and region, the results revealed that: (1) private self-consciousness has a significant positive predictive effect on job search clarity; (2) perceived stress has a significant negative predictive effect on job search clarity; (3) perceived stress plays partial mediation effects between private self-consciousness and job search clarity; (4) perceived stress plays complete mediation effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity; (5) perceived stress has suppressing effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity.     

Nouveau concept fonctionnel des muscles intrinsèques et aponévroses du pied (bases biomécaniques fondamentales)

The osteoarticular architecture of the foot is designed to provide each muscle-tendon complex with multiple functions, which are both static and dynamic. In light of fundamental concepts, it seemed a good idea to focus on the intrinsic anatomical characteristics of muscle and an accurate layout of muscular fasciculation, its length, volume, the angle of muscular fascicules and a calculation of the physiological section (CSA). It is essential to take intramuscular and perimuscular aponeurotic structures into account as well as the organisation and layout of tendons in relation to joint interfaces. Current radiographic investigative methods using MRI and ultrasound and computerised image processing (Myrian) combined with new teaching approaches in anatomy are one of the research opportunities in the field of foot investigation and surgery.     

Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: Classification of field defects by Octopus™ automated static perimetry

Visual fields of patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) were classified according to quantitative criteria, using the Octopus perimeter. Although a significant altitudinal pattern of field loss was found in 55% of perimetric examinations, the "spared" hemifields routinely showed some loss of sensitivity. This finding, along with the diffuse loss of sensitivity in a high percentage of visual fields, indicates more extensive involvement of the circulation of the anterior optic nerve head than has previously been suggested. Furthermore, patients with diabetes mellitus alone were found to have a statistically separable pattern of visual field loss. The pathophysiologic implications of the visual fields in AION and their relationship to the clinical findings were investigated.     

Redirecting the humoral immune response against Streptococcus mutans antigen P1 with monoclonal antibodies

The adhesin P1 of Streptococcus mutans has been studied as an anticaries vaccine antigen. An anti-P1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) bound to S. mutans prior to mucosal immunization of mice was shown previously to alter the amount, specificity, isotype, and biological activity of anti-P1 antibodies. The present study was undertaken to screen this and four additional anti-P1 MAbs for immunomodulatory activity when complexed with S. mutans and administered by a systemic route and to evaluate sera from immunized mice for the ability to inhibit adherence of S. mutans to immobilized human salivary agglutinin. All five MAbs tested influenced murine anti-P1 serum antibody responses in terms of subclass distribution and/or specificity. The effects varied depending on which MAb was used and its coating concentration. Two MAbs promoted a more effective, and two others a less effective, adherence inhibition response. An inverse relationship was observed between the ability of the MAbs themselves to inhibit adherence and the ability of antibodies elicited following immunization with immune complexes to inhibit adherence. Statistically significant correlations were demonstrated between the levels of anti-P1 serum immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) and IgG2b, but not of IgG1 or IgG3, and the ability of sera from immunized animals to inhibit bacterial adherence. These results indicate that multiple anti-P1 MAbs can mediate changes in the immune response and that certain alterations are potentially more biologically relevant than others. Immunomodulation by anti-P1 MAbs represents a useful strategy to improve the beneficial immune response against S. mutans.     

Rheumatic heart disease among school children in Addis Ababa City: awareness and adequacy of its prophylaxis

One of the objectives of this large scale cross-sectional study of school children of the Addis Ababa city was to assess the status of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) prophylaxis among rheumatic heart disease patients identified during the survey. Awareness about the presence of the illness in those affected and reasons for poor coverage, when detected, were also assessed. Sixty of the 9388 school children surveyed were found to have rheumatic heart disease. On interviewing parents of the children with rheumatic heart disease, ten acknowledged being informed of their children's cardiac illness. Of these parents, 15% (or 9/60) had some idea that their children had heart disease related to some form of infection. However, only two of the nine (22%) children whose parents had some idea about their disease were on regular monthly benzathine penicillin prophylaxis in the previous 12 months preceding the interview. Three (33%) of the nine children had six or fewer injections in the 12 months preceding the interview. The remaining 4 parents (44%) reported that their children took treatment that included injections only at the time of initial diagnosis several years earlier and had not had any follow up since then. Their reasons for not seeking medical care for their children included lack of information on prophylaxis, inability to pay for the treatment and distance of the health facilities. The lack of awareness and the extremely low rate of regular prophylaxis, therefore, highlight the need for an urgent control programme that takes active case detection, treatment access and health education into consideration.     

The Additive Effect on Suicidality of Family History of Suicidal Behavior and Early Traumatic Experiences

Family history of suicidal behavior and personal history of childhood abuse are reported risk factors for suicide attempts and suicide completion. We aim to quantify the additive effect of family history of suicidal behavior and different subtypes of childhood abuse on suicidal behavior. We examined a sample of 496 suicide attempters, comparing individuals with family history of suicidal behavior and personal history of childhood (physical or sexual) abuse, individuals with family history of suicidal behavior only, individuals with history of early traumatic experiences only, and individuals with none of these two risk factors with regards to suicidal features. An additive effect was found for the age at the first attempt in suicide attempters with both family history of suicidal behavior and either physical or sexual abuse. No significant interactions were found between family history of suicidal behavior and childhood trauma in relation to any characteristics of suicidal behavior. Subjects presenting family history of suicidal behavior and childhood abuse attempt suicide earlier in life than subjects with just one or none of them, particularly if they were sexually abused. Other suicidality indexes were only partially or not associated with this combination of risk factors. A careful assessment of patients with both family history of suicidal behavior and childhood abuse could help to prevent future suicide attempts, particularly in young people.     

Patient stratification for risk of readmission due to heart failure by using nationwide administrative data

BackgroundIdentifying patients with heart failure (HF) who are most at risk of readmission permits targeting adapted interventions. The use of administrative data enables regulators to support the implementation of such interventions.Methods and ResultsIn a French nationwide cohort of patients aged 65 years or older, surviving an index hospitalization for HF in 2015 (N = 70,657), we studied HF readmission predictors available in administrative data, distinguishing HF severity from overall morbidity and taking into account the competing mortality risk, over a 1-year follow-up period. We also computed cumulative incidences and daily rates of HF readmission for patient groups defined according to HF severity and overall morbidity. Of the patients, 31.8% (n = 22,475) were readmitted at least once for HF, and 17.6% (n = 12,416) died without any readmission for HF. HF severity and overall morbidity were the strongest readmission predictors were the strongest readmission predictors (subdistribution hazard ratios 2.66 [95% CI: 2.52–2.81] and 1.37 [1.30–1.45], respectively, when comparing extreme categories). Overall morbidity and age were more strongly associated with the rate of death without HF readmission (cause-specific hazard ratios). The difference in observed HF readmission between patient risk groups was approximately 40% (21.9%, n = 2144/9,786 vs 60.4%, n = 618/1023).ConclusionsSegmentation of HF patients into readmission risk groups is possible by using administrative data, and it enables the targeting of preventive interventions.