Involvement of synthesis of brain cell structural proteins in the action of antitheines on long-term memory

Academician S. V. Anichkov Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences A. N. Klimov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 5, pp. 506–508, May, 1992.     

Synthesis and biological activity of derivatives of cycloalkyl[b]pyrrolidine alcohols

Translated from Khimiko-farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal,Vol. 23, No. 7, pp. 836–840, July, 1989.     

髁突形态与覆深度关系的研究

目的　探讨髁突形态与不同覆深度的关系。方法　选择正常者、开畸形患者、覆正常的错畸形患者和深覆畸形患者各 5 0人 ,均为 18至 2 6岁成人。应用曲面断层片研究左右两侧的髁突形态 ,分别测量并计算上部髁突高度 /升支高度比 (UCH/RH)和髁突高度 /宽度比 (TCH/CW )。将髁突形态分为四种类型 :直立型 (类A) ,前倾型 (类B) ,后倾型 (类C)和尖型 (类D)。结果　开组的上部髁突高度相对升支高度明显小于其他各组 (P <0 0 0 1)。正常组的髁突形态比较粗壮 ,高度宽度比明显小于其他各组 (P <0 0 0 1)。类A和类B属于正常髁突形态 ,占正常组的 99%。类C和类D属于异常髁突形态 ,且在开组中的比例明显高于正常覆组或深覆组。另外 ,只有开组中显示上部髁突高度两侧不对称 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　开组髁突形态与其他各组相比明显不同。     

F-19 MR imaging of glucose metabolism in the rabbit

Noninvasive metabolic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging reflecting glucose metabolism in the aldose-reductase-sorbitol (ARS) pathway was performed in the rabbit head; after administration of the fluorinated glucose analogue 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-glucose (3FD-glucose), fluorine-19 images were generated. Images of 3FD-glucose showed significant 3FD-glucose uptake by adipose tissue, indicating its buffering effects in case of excess loads of glucose. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-sorbitol (3FD-sorbitol) demonstrated the spatial distribution of aldose reductase activities and significant sorbitol accumulation in the lens. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-fructose (3FD-fructose) showed preferential uptake of fructose by muscle tissue. The extremely low toxicity of 3FD-glucose indicates promise for its clinical application in metabolic imaging.     

Antioxidants in the combined treatment of acute cholecystitis in middle-aged and elderly patients]

Investigations of the state of processes of lipid peroxidation (PLP) and the antioxidant system (AOS) of the organism performed in 267 elderly and senile patients have shown destabilization of the system "PLP-AOS". The correction of processes of lipid peroxidation with antioxidants improved the course of the postoperative period, decreased the amount of complications and lethality. It allowed a conclusion of the necessity to use antioxidants in the complex treatment of such patients.     

Total but not resting energy expenditure is increased in infants with ventricular septal defects

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of left-to-right shunting on the resting energy expenditure (REE), total energy expenditure (TEE), and energy intake in a group of 3- to 5-month-old infants with moderate to large unrepaired ventricular septal defects (VSDs) compared with age-matched, healthy infants. METHODS: Eight infants with VSDs and 10 healthy controls between 3 to 5 months of age participated in the study. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure REE and the doubly-labeled water method was used to measure TEE and energy intake. An echocardiogram and anthropometric measurements were performed on all study participants. Daily urine samples were collected at home for 7 days. Samples were analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Data were compared using analysis of variance. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in REE (VSD, 42.2 +/- 8.7 kcal/kg/d; control, 43.9 +/- 14.1 kcal/kg/d) or energy intake (VSD, 90.8 +/- 19.9 kcal/kg/d; control, 87.1 +/- 11.7 kcal/kg/d) between the groups. The percent total body water was significantly higher in the VSD infants and the percent fat mass was significantly lower. TEE was 40% higher in the VSD group (VSD, 87.6 +/- 10.8 kcal/kg/d; control, 61.9 +/- 10.3 kcal/kg/d). The difference between TEE and REE, reflecting the energy of activity, was 2.5 times greater in the VSD group. CONCLUSIONS: REE and energy intake are virtually identical between the two groups. Despite this, infants with VSDs have substantially higher TEE than age-matched healthy infants. The large difference between TEE and REE in VSD infants suggests a substantially elevated energy cost of physical activity in these infants. These results demonstrate that, although infants with VSDs may match the energy intake of healthy infants, they are unable to meet their increased energy demands, resulting in growth retardation.