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1.
The effect of a heat and moisture exchanger on intra-operative aural canal (core) and mean skin temperatures was investigated in elderly patients who had elective total hip arthroplasty under general anaesthesia with artificial ventilation of the lungs. Group 1 (n = 20) did not receive any form of artificial humidification while in group 2 (n = 20) a heat and moisture exchanger was inserted in the breathing system and in group 3 (n = 20) the inspired gases were humidified and warmed at 40 degrees C by means of a heated humidifier. Time of surgery, intravenous fluid administration and operating theatre temperature were standardised. Mean (SD) aural canal (core) temperature decreased significantly in groups 1 and 2 (p less than 0.001), while there was a fall of 0.3 degrees C (0.6) in group 3, which was not significant. Mean skin temperature decreased during anaesthesia and surgery in both groups 1 and 2 (p less than 0.05), while it increased in group 3. There was a significantly greater loss of body heat in groups 1 and 2 compared with group 3 intra-operatively (p less than 0.001). We conclude tha a heat and moisture exchanger did not prevent the decrease in intra-operative body temperature in elderly patients. 相似文献
2.
We present a patient with an asymptomatic painless medial elbow swelling of one year's duration, which was diagnosed as a ganglion originating from a non-united avulsion fracture of the medial epicondyle with a pseudarthrosis. Medial elbow ganglia are unusual lesions typically arising from the medial aspect of the ulnohumeral joint capsule, often in combination with symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome. To our knowledge, a ganglion arising from a pseudarthrosis has not been reported in the literature, and should be considered in the differential diagnoses of lesions encountered over the site of fracture non-union in proximity to a joint. 相似文献
3.
Circulating iron-containing macrophages in hemochromatosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L T Yam H E Finkel L R Weintraub W H Crosby 《The New England journal of medicine》1968,279(10):512-514
4.
Millogo A Lankoandé D Yaméogo I Yaméogo AA Sawadogo A Sawadogo AB 《Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique (1990)》2004,97(4):268-270
Seizures are common in advanced stages of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV-infected outpatients and inpatients in the national hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso among whom seizures occurred had been recruited over four years. There were mainly male (30/13) with an average age of 35 years with extremes ranging from 22 to 60 years. New-onset generalised seizures occurred in all cases of cryptococcal meningitis or partial motor secondary generalised in 64% among patients with suspected cerebral toxoplasmosis due to the efficiency of the treatment of the antitoxoplasmic proof. Identified causes such as suspected cerebral toxoplasmosis (65%), suspected tuberculous meningitis (7%) as CSF culture is not available, cryptococcal meningitis (16%) were found in this study. In four cases among 43 patients, no identified causes could be determined. CD4 lymphocytes count which was available in 24 patients was under 200/41 in 74% of the cases. This study indicates clearly that seizures in young adults are strongly associated with focal brain lesions and cerebral toxoplasmosis is becoming an important cause of seizure in tropical area. This should imply a screening of toxoplasmosis with new-onset seizure in young people. 相似文献
5.
Comparison of two automated DNA amplification systems with a manual one-tube nested PCR assay for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. 总被引:3,自引:9,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
Eighty-four specimens of respiratory secretions culture positive for mycobacteria (70 positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 14 positive for nontuberculous mycobacteria) and 120 culture-negative specimens were evaluated by three DNA amplification techniques: a manual in-house single-tube nested PCR (nPCR) and two commercial automated assays (the Cobas Amplicor System [aPCR-h] from Roche Diagnostic Systems and the Abbott LCx Probe System [aLCx-p] from Abbott Laboratories). The overall diagnostic sensitivities of the nPCR, aPCR-h, and aLCx-p were 77.1, 84.3, and 77.1%, respectively, and the sensitivities were 57.9, 57.9, and 36.8%, respectively, for smear-negative specimens. Specimens culture positive for nontuberculous mycobacteria were negative by all three assays. Eight culture-negative specimens which were positive by one or more assays had previously been documented by culture to be positive for M. tuberculosis and were taken from patients who were treated with antituberculosis agents. Retesting of specimens negative by one assay by the other two assays revealed that each test had its unique group of negative specimens. When considering the DNA extraction and amplification steps of these assays separately, it was found that extracts from aPCR-h and aLCx-p were compatible with nPCR amplication, while the two automated assays could only amplify extracts processed with their own reagents. Limiting dilution analysis revealed that the order of analytical sensitivity was nPCR, followed by aLCx-p and then aPCR-h. Comparison of the work flow of each assay revealed that although the aPCR-h demands the least specimen handling, the turnaround time of aLCx-p is the most favorable. 相似文献
6.
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the lymph node was done in five patients with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease). In four patients, the aspirates were found to have many small and large atypical lymphocytes, some reactive, phagocytic histiocytes, and intense extracellular debris. Neutrophils, plasma cells, or multinucleated giant cells were not seen. These cytologic findings were considered diagnostic for Kikuchi's disease. In one patient, the aspirate did not show significant histiocytosis or tissue necrosis and was considered nondiagnostic. In patients with both typical clinical features and characteristic cytologic findings in the lymph node aspirates, FNA of the lymph node alone will suffice for diagnosis. In those patients with typical clinical features but nondiagnostic findings in the FNA aspirates, the diagnosis of Kikuchi's disease may have to be established either on repeated nodal FNA or on lymph node biopsy. 相似文献
7.
Clonal origin, restricted natural distribution, and conservation of virulence factors in isolates of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli serogroup O126. 下载免费PDF全文
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli serogroup O126 isolates have been isolated in Hong Kong since 1982 from sporadic cases of infantile diarrhea and from one outbreak in a neonatal ward. A 64-megadalton plasmid encoding colonization factor antigen I and heat-stable enterotoxin was identified in all 23 isolates. Enterotoxigenic E. coli strains producing heat-stable enterotoxin from different regions of Southeast Asia were collected and compared by biotyping, antibiotic resistance patterns, and plasmid profiles. Restriction endonuclease digestion of plasmids and subsequent Southern blot analysis with the heat-stable enterotoxin gene probe of representative strains showed a unique plasmid was harbored by all heat-stable enterotoxin-producing O126 strains tested. These results are consistent with conservative inheritance of enterotoxin plasmids within enterotoxigenic E. coli strains over a 2-year period in Hong Kong. 相似文献
8.
Evaluation and optimization of a latex agglutination assay for detection of cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin. 下载免费PDF全文
The effectiveness of a latex agglutination assay kit for the detection of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin and cholera toxin was determined for the identification of natural isolates of the corresponding enteric pathogens in Southeast Asia. By selection of the appropriate culture media, the sensitivity of the assay was improved from 90.6% (for the detection of heat-labile toxin) and 75% (for the detection of cholera toxin) to 100%, and the results were confirmed with bioassays and DNA hybridization assays for both clinical and environmental isolates. 相似文献
9.
Evaluation of MicroScan MIC panels for detection of oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Clinical isolates of staphylococci (420 Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 248 coagulase-negative staphylococci) were tested by both MicroScan MIC panels (MicroScan, West Sacramento, Calif.) and an oxacillin agar screen (Mueller-Hinton agar [Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.] containing 6 micrograms of oxacillin per ml and 4% NaCl) to evaluate the ability of MicroScan to detect oxacillin-resistant strains. MicroScan panels and oxacillin agar screen plates were incubated at 35 degrees C for 24 h and at 30 degrees C for an additional 24 h. Endpoints were recorded at 24 and 48 h. By MicroScan, 23 (5.5%) and 30 (7%) S. aureus isolates and 161 (65%) and 162 (65%) coagulase-negative staphylococci were oxacillin resistant at 24 and 48 h, respectively. At both 24 and 48 h, 23 (5.5%) S. aureus isolates and 162 (65%) coagulase-negative staphylococci were resistant by the oxacillin agar screen. Five strains for which the oxacillin MIC was 2 or 4 micrograms/ml and eight strains resistant to oxacillin only at 48 h were further evaluated by broth macrodilution testing for oxacillin with and without clavulanic acid, by oxacillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid disk diffusion, and by oxacillin agar screen comparing Mueller-Hinton agars purchased from Difco and BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md. By this additional testing, all 10 S. aureus isolates and 1 of 3 coagulase-negative staphylococci examined produced increased amounts of beta-lactamase. One coagulase-negative staphylococcus appeared to be truly intermediately oxacillin susceptible. There was no significant difference in the rate of detection of oxacillin resistance between MicroScan and the agar screen. MicroScan panels should be incubated for 24 h only, because prolonged incubation caused strains producing excessive amounts of beta-lactamase to appear to be falsely oxacillin resistant. 相似文献
10.
Kenneth Siu-Sing Leung Timothy Ting-Leung Ng Alan Ka-Lun Wu Miranda Chong-Yee Yau Hiu-Yin Lao Ming-Pan Choi Kingsley King-Gee Tam Lam-Kwong Lee Barry Kin-Chung Wong Alex Yat Man Ho Kam-Tong Yip Kwok-Cheung Lung Raymond Wai-To Liu Eugene Yuk-Keung Tso Wai-Shing Leung Man-Chun Chan Yuk-Yung Ng Kit-Man Sin Kitty Sau-Chun Fung Sandy Ka-Yee Chau Wing-Kin To Tak-Lun Que David Ho-Keung Shum Shea Ping Yip Wing Cheong Yam Gilman Kit-Hang Siu 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(1):196
Initial cases of coronavirus disease in Hong Kong were imported from mainland China. A dramatic increase in case numbers was seen in February 2020. Most case-patients had no recent travel history, suggesting the presence of transmission chains in the local community. We collected demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic data from 50 patients, who accounted for 53.8% of total reported case-patients as of February 28, 2020. We performed whole-genome sequencing to determine phylogenetic relationship and transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. By using phylogenetic analysis, we attributed the community outbreak to 2 lineages; 1 harbored a common mutation, Orf3a-G251V, and accounted for 88.0% of the cases in our study. The estimated time to the most recent common ancestor of local coronavirus disease outbreak was December 24, 2019, with an evolutionary rate of 3.04 × 10−3 substitutions/site/year. The reproduction number was 1.84, indicating ongoing community spread. 相似文献