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排序方式: 共有417条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
WW Thompson 《Transfusion》1993,33(4):333-335
This study was designed to determine the blood donation behavior and attitudes of Hispanic residents of the Lower Rio Grande Valley for the purpose of developing promotional and educational approaches to enhance levels of donor participation. Personal interviews of 545 respondents were conducted in English and Spanish using quota sampling and standard intercept techniques at lower- and middle-income supermarkets in five cities during a payday weekend. A number of research hypotheses were established to test for demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal differences that were observed in donors and nondonors using chi-square analysis and multiple discriminant analysis. After analyzing the difference between Hispanics and non-Hispanics for blood donation rates, all non-Hispanics were eliminated from analysis, and the remaining 419 Hispanics were evaluated on the basis of their donor behavior. Donation among Hispanics was most likely to be by better- educated, English-speaking, higher-job-status individuals who had participated in a blood donation drive. Donors tend to have parent(s) who were donors, and they were also more likely to carry an organ donor card. Donors were found to vary in their behaviors as well as their attitudes and beliefs. Perceptions of a lack of safety in donating, the risk of contracting acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and the financial motivation of donors were most pronounced among Hispanics, which indicated a need for improved education on these issues. 相似文献
2.
Ghannadan M Wimazal F Simonitsch I Sperr WR Mayerhofer M Sillaber C Hauswirth AW Gadner H Chott A Horny HP Lechner K Valent P 《American journal of clinical pathology》2003,119(5):663-671
We studied vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in bone marrow sections obtained from 3 healthy donors and 41 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) of various French-American-British (FAB) subtypes by immunohistochemical analysis using an anti-VEGF antibody. In normal bone marrow, the anti-VEGF antibody reacted with myeloid progenitor cells and megakaryocytes but not with erythroid cells or mature granulocytic cells. High levels of VEGF were found in the bone marrow in patients with AML-M1, -M2, -M3, -M4, -M4Eo, and -M5. In these leukemias, the vast majority of myeloblasts (> 90%) expressed VEGF. By contrast, in AML-M0, the percentage of VEGF-positive blasts was lower in most cases (median, 42%), and if at all detectable, these blast cells contained only trace amounts of VEGF. In AML-M3 and -M4Eo, maturing granulocytes failed to express VEGF similar to granulocytes in normal bone marrow. In AML-M6, myeloblasts exhibited VEGF, whereas erythroid cells did not. In AML-M7, blast cells and megakaryocytes were identified as major sources of VEGF. In summary, VEGF expression in the bone marrow is restricted to certain stages of differentiation and maturation of myeloid cells and correlates with the FAB category. 相似文献
3.
Recombinant allergens promote expression of CD203c on basophils in sensitized individuals 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Hauswirth AW Natter S Ghannadan M Majlesi Y Schernthaner GH Sperr WR Bühring HJ Valenta R Valent P 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2002,110(1):102-109
BACKGROUND: Traditionally, the diagnosis of type I allergies is based on clinical data, skin test results, and laboratory test results with allergen extracts. During the past few years, several attempts have been made to refine diagnostic assays in clinical allergy by introducing recombinant allergens and novel markers of IgE-dependent cell activation. OBJECTIVES: We have identified the ectoenzyme CD203c as a novel basophil antigen that is upregulated on IgE receptor cross-linkage. In this study we applied CD203c and a panel of recombinant allergens to establish a novel basophil test that allows for a reliable quantification of IgE-dependent responses at the effector cell level. METHODS: Patients allergic to birch (Bet v 1, n = 15; Bet v 2, n = 8) and grass (Phl p 1, n = 15; Phl p 2, n = 10; Phl p 5, n = 14) pollen allergens, as well as 10 nonallergic donors, were examined. Basophils were exposed to various concentrations of recombinant allergens for 15 minutes and then examined for expression of CD203c by means of flow cytometry. CD203c upregulation was correlated with the increase in CD63. RESULTS: Exposure to recombinant allergens resulted in a dose-dependent increase in expression of CD203c on peripheral blood basophils in sensitized individuals, whereas no increase was seen in healthy control subjects. The effects of the recombinant allergens on CD203c expression were also time dependent. There was a good correlation between allergen-induced upregulation of CD203c and upregulation of CD63 (R = 0.76). CONCLUSION: Flow cytometric quantitation of CD203c on blood basophils exposed to recombinant allergens is a useful approach to determine the allergic state in sensitized individuals and represents a basis for a sensitive novel allergy test. 相似文献
4.
Krauth MT Majlesi Y Florian S Bohm A Hauswirth AW Ghannadan M Wimazal F Raderer M Wrba F Valent P 《International archives of allergy and immunology》2005,138(2):111-120
BACKGROUND: Mast cells (MC) are important effector cells of allergic and inflammatory reactions in diverse organs. These cells interact with a number of other immune cells and structural cells in the tissues as well as with proinflammatory mediators and cytokines. The various interactions are considered to be mediated through distinct cell surface membrane receptors on MC. METHODS: In the present study, we have established the cell surface membrane phenotype of human gastrointestinal MC (HGMC) using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence staining techniques. RESULTS: HGMC were found to react with antibodies against CD29, CD33, CD44, CD45, CD47, CD54, CD55, CD58, CD63, CD117, CD147, CD151, CD172a, and CD203c. By contrast, HGMC did not express detectable amounts of CD1, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD14, CD15, CD16, CD22, CD24, CD25, CD26, CD27, CD28, CD31, CD32, CD34, CD35, CD88, or CD116. The alpha-chain of the IL-3 receptor (CD123) was detectable neither in resting HGMC nor in HGMC exposed to stem cell factor and interleukin-4. CONCLUSIONS: HGMC express a unique profile of surface antigens including the receptor for mast cell growth factor, adhesion-related molecules, and activation-linked membrane antigens. 相似文献
5.
Human leukocyte antigen matching and fetal loss: results of a 10 year prospective study 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Ober C; Hyslop T; Elias S; Weitkamp LR; Hauck WW 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(1):33-38
The role that maternal and fetal human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes play
in pregnancy is unknown, but it has been suggested that fetuses whose HLA
alleles do not differ from maternal alleles (i.e. histocompatible fetuses)
are more likely to be aborted than fetuses with HLA alleles that differ
from maternal alleles (i.e. histoincompatible fetuses). To elucidate the
role of HLA compatibility in pregnancy, we tested the hypothesis that
couples who match for HLA alleles or haplotypes would have reduced
fertility because only these couples could produce histocompatible fetuses.
We conducted a 10 year prospective study of HLA matching and pregnancy
outcome in 111 Hutterite couples, providing information on 251 pregnancies.
A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of
HLA matching at HLA regions and loci on pregnancy outcome (fetal loss
versus delivery). Significantly increased fetal loss rates were observed
among couples matching for the entire 16-locus haplotype (P = 0.002). Among
the individual loci, loss rates were increased among couples matching for
HLA-B (P = 0.019), HLA-C (P = 0.033) and the complement component, C4 (P =
0.043). We interpret these results as evidence that matching for the entire
16-locus haplotype and/or alleles at an HLA-B-linked locus confers
significant risk for fetal loss.
相似文献
6.
Keitaro Hashimoto Otto Hauswirth Heinz D. Wehner Rolf Ziskoven 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1979,307(1):9-19
Summary The pacemaker current — i
K2 — in cardiac Purkinje fibres was analysed using the voltage clamp technique described by Deck et al. (1964). (–)-Adrenaline (5.5 · 10–6 M) causes the wellknown shift of the Hodkin-Huxley kinetics in the depolarizing direction. Procaine (7.3·10–4 M) does not cause any further shift of s
in the presence of adrenaline. Atenolol (3.8·10–5 M) causes a backshift of the kinetics in the negative direction in the presence of adrenaline and procaine. The instantaneous current-voltage relationship (
) is altered neither with adrenaline, nor with procaine or atenolol. The results exclude the possibility that the local anaesthetic side effect of many beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents may be involved in the backshift of the s-kinetics. The voltage dependence of the reciprocals of the time constants is shifted in a similar way as s
by the sympathomimetic or blocking drugs. Following the application of (–)-adrenaline (5.5·10–6 M) the (–)-isomere of penbutolol (1.7 and 3.5·10–6 M) is about equally effective in shifting the kinetics back as the (+)-isomere (3.5·10–5 M). In the presence of (–)-adrenaline, the (+)- and (–)-forms of penubutolol cause virtually no change of the instantaneous current-voltage relationship,
. Thus, (–)-adrenaline and (+)- and (–)-penbutolol are aiming for the s-kinetics whose voltage dependence is controlled by the electric field near the i
K2-channel of the membrane and do not influence the number of the i
K2-channels. These findings suggest that the sympathomimetic or blocking agents influence the s-kinetics of the pacemaker current i
K2 by altering the electric field; the fully activated current-voltage relationship which is proportional to the number of the open i
K2-channels is not subject to any appreciable modification. The results conclusively show that the kinetics of the pacemaker current can be controlled by beta-adrenoceptors. 相似文献
7.
Marrow regeneration after mechanical depletion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The origin of marrow regeneration after mechanical depletion was reinvestigated in mouse chimeras. The results were compatible with the local origin of stem cells from remnants of incompletely removed marrow, but not with their origin from a common precursor of both bone and hemopoietic cell lines. In transplanted femurs depleted by a modified technique of in vivo evacuation of marrow, hemopoietic regeneration failed to occur. The presence of hemopoietic stem cells in the Haversian canals was thus excluded. The demonstration of ample hemopoiesis with minimal bone formation in nondepleted controls in which bone marrow initially became necrotic provided new evidence that osteogenesis was not a prerequisite of hemopoietic regeneration. 相似文献
8.
Jamie Lütscher Christa Hauswirth Siegenthaler Caroline Hertler David Blum Paul Windisch Renate Grathwohl Shaker Christina Schrder Daniel Rudolf Zwahlen 《Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)》2022,29(6):4235
Cancer burdens not only the patients themselves but also their personal environment. A few studies have already focused on the mental health and personal needs of caregivers of patients. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to further assess the emotional burden and unmet needs for support of caregivers in a population of brain metastasis patients. In the time period 2013–2020, we identified 42 informal caregivers of their respective patients after palliative radiation treatment for brain metastases. The caregivers completed two standardized questionnaires about different treatment aspects, their emotional burden, and unmet needs for support. Involvement of psycho-oncology and palliative care was examined in a chart review. The majority of the caregivers (71.4%, n = 30) suffered from high emotional burden during cancer treatment of their relatives and showed unmet needs for emotional and psychosocial support, mostly referring to information needs and the involvement in the patient’s treatment decisions. Other unmet needs referred to handling personal needs and fears of dealing with the sick cancer patient in terms of practical care tasks and appropriate communication. Palliative care was involved in 30 cases and psycho-oncology in 12 cases. There is a high need for emotional and psychosocial support in informal caregivers of cancer patients. There might still be room for an improvement of psychosocial and psycho-oncological support. Care planning should cater to the emotional burden and unmet needs of informal caregivers as well. Further prospective studies in larger samples should be performed in order to confirm this analysis. 相似文献
9.
Sedeek Mohamed Sedeek Hamid Rahmatullah Bin Abd Razak Gerard WW Ee Andrew HC Tan 《Singapore medical journal》2014,55(10):511-516
The glenohumeral joint is inherently unstable because the large humeral head articulates with the small shadow glenoid fossa. Traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder is a relatively common athletic injury, and the high frequency of recurrent instability in young athletes after shoulder dislocation is discouraging to both the patient and the treating physician. Management of primary traumatic shoulder dislocation remains controversial. Traditionally, treatment involves initial immobilisation for 4–6 weeks, followed by functional rehabilitation. However, in view of the high recurrence rates associated with this traditional approach, there has been an escalating interest in determining whether immediate surgical intervention can lower the rate of recurrent shoulder dislocation, improving the patient’s quality of life. This review article aims to provide an overview of the nature and pathogenesis of first-time primary anterior shoulder dislocations, the widely accepted management modalities, and the efficacy of primary surgical intervention in first-time primary anterior shoulder dislocations. 相似文献
10.
Younghee Kim Valeria Tarallo Nagaraj Kerur Tetsuhiro Yasuma Bradley D. Gelfand Ana Bastos-Carvalho Yoshio Hirano Reo Yasuma Takeshi Mizutani Benjamin J. Fowler Shengjian Li Hiroki Kaneko Sasha Bogdanovich Balamurali K. Ambati David R. Hinton William W. Hauswirth Razqallah Hakem Charles Wright Jayakrishna Ambati 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2014,111(45):16082-16087