HLA class I genotyping including HLA-B*51 allele typing in the Iranian patients with Behçet's disease

It is well known that Beh?et's disease (BD) is strongly associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B51 in many ethnic groups. However, there has been no published report as yet with respect to this association among the Iranian people. Furthermore, since it is now known that the B51 antigen can be encoded by 21 alleles, B*5101-B*5121, we performed HLA-B*51 allele typing as well as HLA class I genotyping of 48 Iranian patients with this disease. As a result, the frequency of the B*51 allele was significantly higher (62.1%) in the patient group as compared with the ethnically matched control group (31.8%) (Pc=0.067, R.R.=3.51). In the genotyping of B*51 alleles, 33 out of the 36 B*51-positive patients possessed B*5101 and the remaining 3 carried B*5108. This study revealed that Iranian patients with BD also had a strong association with HLA-B51. In addition, this significantly high incidence of HLA-B*51 was found to be caused by an increase in both the HLA-B*5101 and HLA-B*5108 alleles. However, there was no significant difference in the HLA-B*51 allelic distribution between the patient and control groups.     

Coping in dieting and eating disorders: a population-based study

The use of different coping strategies, measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire was investigated among 1157 women (18 to 30 years), randomly selected from the general population of Sweden as part of a longitudinal study. Subjects were clustered into five groups: subjects with past or current eating disorders (ED), and subjects with no ED but with past, current, or no history of dieting. Subjects with past or current ED reported significantly higher levels of escape avoidance and lower levels of seeking social support and purposeful problem solving compared with subjects with neither ED nor dieting. These group comparisons were then reanalyzed with sum of depressive symptoms as a covariate in covariate analyses. The only significant difference between the groups concerned the use of escape avoidance. The significant differences in the use of escape-avoidance strategies may motivate more extensive training in coping in the context of prevention and treatment of ED and maladaptive dieting.     

Proposing an ensemble learning model based on neural network and fuzzy system for keratoconus diagnosis based on Pentacam measurements

International Ophthalmology - The present study was done to evaluate efficiency of an ensemble learning structure for automatic keratoconus diagnosis and to categorize eyes into four different...     

Using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure to Compare Implicit Pro-Thin/Anti-Fat Attitudes of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Non-Clinical Controls

Implicit pro-thin/anti-fat attitudes were investigated among a mixed group of patients with full and sub-threshold Anorexia Nervosa (n = 17), and a matched-age control group (n = 17). The Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) was employed to measure implicit pro-thin and anti-fat attitudes towards Self and Others in addition to “striving for thinness” and “avoidance of fatness.” The clinical group showed an implicit pro-fat attitude towards Others and stronger anti-fat attitudes towards Self and avoidance of fatness compared with controls. The findings are discussed in relation to the over-evaluation of weight and shape in the clinical group.     

Accelerometer-Measured Versus Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels and Sedentary Behavior in Women Before and 9 Months After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Background

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) patients report significant pre- to post-surgery increases in physical activity (PA). Conversely, objectively assessed PA does not increase after RYGB. The aim of the study was to compare self-reported and accelerometer-measured changes in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and exercise from pre- to post-surgery, in women undergoing RYGB.

Methods

Forty-three women with an average pre-surgery body mass index of 39.2 kg/m2 (SD 3.1) were recruited at Swedish hospitals. PA was measured by the Actigraph GT3X+ and by a previously validated short PA questionnaire, at home visits 3 months before and 9 months after surgery, thus limiting seasonal effects.

Results

Self-reported time spent in exercise increased with 75 % and time spent in MVPA increased with 51 %, whereas accelerometer-assessed time spent in exercise increased with 0.9 % and time spent in MVPA increased with 2.1 %, from before to after surgery. Correlations comparing accelerometers with the questionnaire were 0.35 (P?=?0.02) for MVPA and 0.13 (P?=?0.4) for exercise before RYGB and 0.52 (P?≤?0.001) for MVPA and 0.12 (P?=?0.4) for exercise after RYGB.

Conclusions

Pre- to post-RYGB surgery increases in self-reported PA were not confirmed by accelerometer-measured PA. Thus, health care workers should use objective measures of PA in patients undergoing RYGB, in order to assess whether patients achieve sufficient levels of PA.

     

Evaluation of the frequency of food allergens based on skin prick test in children in Kurdistan Province – Iran

Introduction

Food allergy refers to abnormal reactions of the body caused by an immune system response to food. This study was conducted aiming to investigate allergy to food allergens in children with food allergies.

Serum Interleukine-6 Concentration,But Not Interleukine-18, is Associated with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression

Inflammation has been linked to various steps in tumorigenesis. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-18 are two inflammatory cytokines whose serum concentrations are elevated in several types of cancer, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in some studies. This study was designed to analyze the serum concentrations of these cytokines in Iranian HNSCC patients. Serum IL-6 and IL-18 concentrations were assayed by ELISA commercial kits in 65 untreated patients and 20 healthy volunteers. Serum IL-6 concentration was significantly increased in patients compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.000). IL-6 concentration increased as the tumor stage progressed, and a significant difference appeared between stage IV vs. stage I/II/III (p = 0.03) disease. Although serum IL-18 concentration was higher in patients than in healthy individuals, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). Moreover, there was no association between serum IL-18 concentration and tumor stage (p = 0.47). A significant difference was observed in serum IL-18 concentration according to the gender with higher IL-18 concentration in male patients (p = 0.01). In conclusion, serum concentration of IL-6 might correlate with the stage of tumor progression in Iranian HNSCC patients. Further studies with larger numbers of patients are required to exclude the possible minor correlation of serum IL-18 concentration with tumor stage.