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1.
Thanh GN Ton Mary Anne Rossing Deborah J Bowen Sengkeo Srinouanprachan Kristine Wicklund Federico M Farin 《Behavioral and brain functions : BBF》2007,3(1):22-10
Background
Genes involved in dopaminergic neurotransmission have been suggested as candidates for involvement in smoking behavior. We hypothesized that alleles associated with reduced dopaminergic neurotransmission would be more common in continuing smokers than among women who quit smoking. 相似文献2.
Advanced primary breast cancer: assessment at mammography of response to induction chemotherapy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The response to induction chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor in patients with nonmetastatic, locally advanced breast carcinomas. Assessment at mammography of the response of 60 breast cancers in 59 women was performed between 1974 and 1986. Responses were excellent in 13 tumors, moderate in 34, and poor in 13 (excellent moderate = 78%). Assessment of response of discrete masses in a fatty breast was easiest; assessment of response of tumor areas that were poorly defined-such as a focal area of architectural distortion or mass in dense breast parenchyma-was more difficult. Of 17 patients with excellent pathologic responses-that is, minimal or no residual tumor-15 (88%) had complete responses (no residual tumor) as determined with mammography, physical examination, or both. Mammography provides information complementary to physical examination and is essential in the accurate assessment of the response to chemotherapy of locally advanced breast cancer. 相似文献
3.
Clarke GN; Bourne H; Hill P; Johnston WI; Speirs A; McBain JC; Baker HW 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(4):722-726
Donor insemination (DI) using cryopreserved semen commenced at The Royal
Women's Hospital in 1976. Over the next 15 years we performed 5953
treatment cycles to achieve 816 pregnancies (13.7% per cycle) and 706 live
births. In-vitro fertilization (IVF) using donor spermatozoa commenced in
1986. Over the next 5 years we performed 303 treatment cycles for 185
couples. Including subsequent transfer of cryopreserved embryos, a total of
33% of couples achieved a successful pregnancy by IVF. Statistical analysis
indicated that, for DI pregnancies, the most important semen variable was
the percentage post-thaw motility, whilst for normal fertilization in IVF
it was the pre-freeze motility. These results may be explained by the
compensatory effects of post-thaw processing of spermatozoa for IVF, but
not for DI in our clinic.
相似文献
4.
Antonia Fuster Jaume Sauleda Ernest Sala Bernard�� Barcel�� Jaume Pons Miguel Carrera Aina Noguera Bernat Togores Alvar GN Agust�� 《INT J CHRONIC OBSTR》2008,3(1):149-153
Objective
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present systemic inflammation. Strenuous resistive breathing induces systemic inflammation in healthy subjects. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory load that characterizes COPD can contribute to systemic inflammation in these patients.Patients and methods
To test this hypothesis, we compared leukocyte numbers and levels of circulating cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα], interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10), before and 1 hour after maximal incremental inspiratory loading in 13 patients with stable COPD (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] 29 ± 2.5% ref) and in 8 healthy sedentary subjects (FEV1 98 ± 5% ref).Results
We found that: (1) at baseline, patients with COPD showed higher leukocyte counts and IL-8 levels than controls (p < 0.01); and, (2) one hour after maximal inspiratory loading these values were unchanged, except for IL-10, which increased in controls (p < 0.05) but not in patients with COPD.Conclusions
This study confirms the presence of systemic inflammation in COPD, shows that maximal inspiratory loading does not increase the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8) in COPD patients or controls, but suggests that the former may be unable to mount an appropriate systemic anti-inflammatory response to exercise. 相似文献5.
6.
ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) in HIV/AIDS patients attending two different hospitals in southeast Nigeria.MethodsWe collected 970 urine samples from HIV/AIDS patients attending two different hospitals in southeast Nigeria. Samples were processed by microscopy and cultural methods.ResultsOut of the 970 screened, 355 (36.60%) were positive for T. vaginalis. Subjects with the least CD4+ count in the range of 40-140 cells/mL had the highest number of positive samples (180, 50.70%), while those in the range of 480-580 cells/mL had the least value (2, 0.56%). Those in the rural areas had a higher number of positive samples (155, 38.75%) than their urban counterparts (200, 35.09%) with respect to the total number examined in each group but this was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Out of the 355 positive cases, the university undergraduate students’ group had the highest percentage incidence of 53.00% followed by the low-income group with 47.08%.ConclusionsIt can be concluded that the occurrence of T. vaginalis increases with decrease in the CD4+ counts in HIV/AIDS patients in Nigeria. Since T. vaginalis may be an important cofactor in promoting the spread of HIV and, in some circumstances, may have a major impact on the epidemic dynamics of HIV, there is a need to take measures to check the spread of this parasitic infection. 相似文献
7.
目的 探讨相对健康的中老年人血中糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)含量对颈动脉硬化的影响.方法 从广州生物库队列中单纯随机抽样收集1863名年龄≥50岁的广州市居民的个人资料,问卷调查其病史、体格检查及测定血清空腹血糖、血脂、HbA1c的含量并应用彩色多普勒超声测量颈总动脉内膜-中层厚度(intima media thickness,IMT).在调整相关混染因素后,应用协方差分析进行连续变量分析.结果 (1)在调整年龄、性别和空腹血糖等因素后,平均颈总动脉IMT随HbA1c含量升高呈明显增加趋势(P=0.005).线性回归模型显示,在调整年龄、性别、吸烟状态、腰围、收缩压和舒张压、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和空腹血糖等潜在危险因素后,结果仍然显示HbA1c水平与平均颈总动脉IMT有明显的线性相关(回归系数为0.014,P=0.03);(2)经过调整多种潜在混杂因素后,与HbA1c理想组(HbA1c<6.5%)比较,良好组(HbA1c为6.5%~7.5%)和差组(HbA1c>7.5%)发生颈动脉硬化的比值比(95%置信区间)分别为1.62(1.10,2.38)和1.76(0.86,3.63),趋势检验(P=0.01).结论 相对健康的中老年人HbA1c含量升高是颈动脉硬化的独立危险因素之一,提示降低HbA1c水平对阻止或延缓颈动脉硬化的发生与发展有重要意义. 相似文献
8.
TM Sankary ; G Yang ; JM Romeo ; PP Ulrich ; MP Busch ; BD Rawal ; GN Vyas 《Transfusion》1994,34(8):656-660
BACKGROUND: Since screening for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) was introduced in 1990, posttransfusion hepatitis has been reduced to nearly background levels. This has led to reconsideration of the value of testing donated blood for elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The contribution of ALT testing in detecting seronegative infection was evaluated by the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for hepatitis B virus (HBV) or HCV in plasma from ALT-elevated blood units. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Testing was performed on 375 units of plasma, derived from an equivalent of 47,500 blood donations, with a highly sensitive hemi-nested PCR procedure. Using a triplet of primers directed at the conserved regions of HBV DNA and 5'-noncoding regions of HCV RNA, the hemi-nested PCR assay can reliably amplify 10 viral molecules to levels detectable in ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. Pools of plasma from groups of four donors were screened with hemi-nested PCR. For any reactive pools, the plasma from individual donors was retested twice on different aliquots. RESULTS: Two of 375 units, both with midrange ALT elevation, were repeatedly reactive in hemi-nested PCR (one each for HBV DNA and HCV RNA). However, samples from the two suspect donors tested 9 and 5 months later revealed no seroconversion, elevated ALT, or viral genomes in hemi-nested PCR. CONCLUSION: The lack of confirmed HBV or HCV infection in this study representing an estimated 47,500 voluntary blood donations suggests that routine ALT testing for further prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis after exclusion of HBV- and/or HCV-seropositive blood may be superfluous. 相似文献
9.
AI Zijlstra GD Offner NH Afdhal M van Overveld GN Tytgat AK Groen 《Gastroenterology》1996,110(6):1926-1935
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Many putative pronucleating proteins have been isolated from the biliary concanavalin A (con A)-binding fraction. The pronase resistance of the overall nucleating-promoting activity was almost never taken into consideration. The aim of this study was to identify the major pronase-resistant con A-binding glycoproteins. METHODS: Pronase-treated and -untreated con A-binding glycoproteins were separated on a Superose 12 gel permeation column (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden) and tested in a crystal growth assay. Proteins were identified by amino-terminal sequencing. RESULTS: Con A-binding pronucleating activity eluted in two peaks on the Superose column. This activity was unaltered after pronase treatment. Activity peak I contained too little protein to allow amino-terminal sequencing. In activity peak II, the major pronase-resistant con A-binding glycoproteins were identified as alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1- antichymotrypsin. The 130-kilodalton nucleation promoter was identified as aminopeptidase N, but the full pronase resistance of this protein, reported earlier, was not confirmed. Immunoabsorptive removal of alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and immunopurification showed that only alpha 1-antichymotrypsin had pronucleating activity. CONCLUSIONS: The pronase resistance of the nucleating-promoting activity of the con A-binding glycoprotein fraction was confirmed. An important part of this activity could be attributed to alpha 1- antichymotrypsin. It is an acute-phase protein, as are many other pronucleating proteins, which might indicate a general mechanism of action in gallstone formation. (Gastroenterology 1996 Jun;110(6):1926-35) 相似文献
10.
Novel CHST6 nonsense and missense mutations responsible for macular corneal dystrophy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
El-Ashry MF Abd El-Aziz MM Shalaby O Wilkins S Poopalasundaram S Cheetham M Tuft SJ Hardcastle AJ Bhattacharya SS Ebenezer ND 《American journal of ophthalmology》2005,139(1):192-193
PURPOSE: To identify the underlying mutations in two unrelated British families with macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) by screening the carbohydrate sulfotransferase (CHST6) gene. DESIGN: Case reports and results of DNA analysis. METHODS: Two subjects from two British families with MCD were studied. The genetic status of CHST6 was determined for all members of these MCD families. In addition, sulfated keratan sulfate (KS) assay from the probands was also undertaken. CHST6 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were analyzed by sequencing and restriction digestion. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to assess KS presence in serum. RESULTS: Four compound heterozygous mutations were identified, three of which are novel. The ELISA showed that the probands were of MCD type I. CONCLUSIONS: These novel mutations are expected to result in loss of CHST6 function, which would account for the MCD phenotype. 相似文献