319例352眼眼外伤疗效观察

采用综合治疗，抗炎，散瞳，局部治疗与全身应用免疫抑制疗法，治疗３１９例３５２眼外伤获得了满意的疗效，眼球挫伤１０４例，眼球穿孔伤９３例，化学烧伤７１例，眼炸伤４６例。眼热烧伤５例，治疗包括及时清创胶粘或缝合，清除前房出血合理用皮质类固醇和免疫抑制剂等。眼球挫伤治愈率９７．１２％，穿透伤９３．１８％，热烧伤６６．６７％。３１９例眼外伤治愈率９４．６７％好转５．３３％，并对各种治疗方法进行了讨论。     

Retrorenal colon: implications for percutaneous diskectomy

It has been recommended that computed tomography (CT) with the patient prone be performed in every patient undergoing percutaneous diskectomy; this would enable detection of a retrorenal location of the colon, which could interfere with the percutaneous procedure. In this evaluation of 346 prone CT studies, only one patient (0.29%) was found to have retrorenal or retropsoas bowel that would have been perforated at diskectomy. Because of this extremely low prevalence, the performance of prone CT in every patient undergoing percutaneous lumbar diskectomy is not believed to be necessary.     

Flavin analogs with antimalarial activity as glutathione reductase inhibitors

10-(4'-Chlorophenyl)-3-methylflavin has antimalarial activity in vitro and in vivo (Cowden et al., J Med Chem 31: 799, 1988). This flavin analog and two of its derivatives were found to inhibit the antioxidant flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes in its isolated form as well as in hemolysates. The mixed-type inhibition was completely reversible, the Ki-values being of the order of 1 microM. Surprisingly, the drugs were not competitive with FAD, but with GSSG, one of the enzyme's substrates. Malaria parasite glutathione reductase, extracted from Plasmodium falciparum, could also be inhibited by the compounds. Studies on the effects of the substances on P. falciparum in vitro, which were demonstrated morphologically and by growth inhibition, confirmed previous observations with 10-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3-methylflavin and showed similar parasiticidal characteristics for the two new derivatives. The activities of five other erythrocytic enzymes tested were not impaired by the drugs, nor was the nucleotide metabolism of erythrocytes and/or parasites significantly changed. Permeation into red blood cells was demonstrated for one compound by 19F-NMR-spectroscopy. Inhibition of glutathione reductase might contribute to, or account for, the antimalarial activity of this group of flavin analogs.     

Ultrasound biomicroscopic features of spherophakia

Background: Spherophakia is an uncommon diagnosis. This is the first case report of spherophakia evaluated by ultrasound biomicroscopy.
Methods: Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a new diagnostic technique developed by one of the authors and provides images with microscopic resolution of the anterior segment. A patient with spherophakia was evaluated by ultrasound biomicroscopy (Zeiss-Humphrey, 50MHz) before and after YAG laser iridotomy.
Results: Ultrasound biomicroscopic assessment revealed a shallow anterior chamber, a very steep anterior lens curvature, iridolenticular contact, elongated zonules, and an increased distance between the lens equator and the ciliary processes. Angle closure glaucoma was due to a pupil block mechanism. The pupil block was relieved by YAG laser iridotomy.
Conclusions: Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a useful technique to confirm the diagnosis of spherophakia. The pupil block in spherophakia is relieved by YAG laser iridotomy.     

1,6—二磷酸果糖对手术后应激病人应用全肠外营养支持效果的影响

本文在胃癌行全胃或胃大部切除术引起的中等程度应激病人，随机分组对比观察了全肠外营养或ＴＰＮ加用１，６－二磷酸果糖的效果。结果显示，与单纯ＴＰＮ相比，ＴＰＮ加用ＦＤＰ后血清皮质醇和胰高血糖素等应激激素水平有所下降，尿中３－甲基组氨酸排出减少，累积氮平衡增加。     

Screening microarrays of novel monoclonal antibodies for binding to T-, B- and myeloid leukaemia cells

We have developed a microarray (DotScan) that enables rapid immunophenotyping and classification of leukaemias and lymphomas by measuring the capture of cells by immobilized dots of 82 CD antibodies [Belov, L., de la Vega, O., dos Remedios, C.G., Mulligan, S.P., 2001. Immunophenotyping of leukemia using a cluster of differentiation antibody microarray. Cancer Res. 61, 4483; Belov, L., Huang, P., Barber, N., Mulligan, S.P., Christopherson, R.I., 2003. Identification of repertoires of surface antigens on leukemias using an antibody microarray. Proteomics 3, 2147]. The DotScan technology has been used to investigate the properties of 498 new antibodies submitted to the HLDA8 Workshop. These antibodies have been applied as 10 nl dots to a film of nitrocellulose on a microscope slide to make an HLDA8 microarray. After blocking the remaining nitrocellulose surface, individual arrays were incubated with each of 7 cell types from a human leukaemia cell panel consisting of three cell lines, CCRF-CEM (a T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia), MEC-1 (derived from B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) and HL-60 (a promyelocytic leukaemia), and four leukaemias from patients: a T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia, a B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and two acute myeloid leukaemias. Leukaemia cells were captured by those immobilized antibodies for which they expressed the corresponding surface molecule. Unbound cells were gently washed off, bound cells were fixed to the arrays and dot patterns were recorded using a DotScan array reader and quantified using DotScan data analysis software. The data obtained show the unique expression profiles of the 7 cell types in the leukaemia cell panel obtained with the DotScan microarray, and the differential capture patterns for these 7 cell types screened against the 498 antibodies in the HLDA8 microarray constructed for this study.     

PCR-Based assay to quantify human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

An assay that quantifies the amount of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells has been developed. PCR amplification of the HIV-1 DNA is performed in the presence of an internal quantitation standard, and colorimetric detection of the amplified product is performed with microwell plates. The copies of HIV-1 DNA are normalized to total genomic DNA input. The assay has an analytical sensitivity of 10 input copies per amplification reaction and a three-log detection range. In an analysis of sequential samples from patients on combination therapy, HIV-1 DNA was quantifiable for all individuals tested, including those with undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA. In a separate study, a comparison of HIV-1 DNA levels was made with a group of long-term survivors and progressors. The mean HIV-1 DNA levels were lower in the long-term survivors than in the progressors (P, 0.04). The mean HIV-1 RNA levels were also lower, but the difference was not statistically significant (P, 0.164). A quantitative DNA assay will provide an additional tool to gain insight into the natural history of infection and the continued efficacy of potent antiretroviral therapies.