女性A型血友病FⅧ基因突变分析

报道罕见的女性A型血友病1例,并对其凝血因子Ⅶ进行基因突变分析。患者,女,65岁,因为跌倒后右胸痛2d入院,院内查体提示胸壁皮下血肿,双下肢等长,髋屈曲及内旋受限。测定凝血指标提示APTT61．3s,正常血浆纠正后为41．3s,而PT、FIB、TT均正常。有既往出血史。FⅧ活性为2％,FⅨ活性为200％,vWF：Ag为120％,vWF：RCof100％,vWF：CBAl28％,FⅧ结合分析正常;髋关节X片提示;双侧髋臼发育不良,髋关节骨关节炎。临床诊断为血友病A型。提取该患者外周血DNA,根据NM_000132之凝血因子FⅦ基因序列设计合成了其第14外显子特异的引物,行聚合酶链反应扩增,并对扩增产物进行测序分析,测序结果与标准序列进行比较,发现该患者出现4111A→C杂合突变,使1314位氨基酸由苏氨酸变为脯氨酸,产生一错意突变,该突变未见其它文献报道．     

移植GDNF基因修饰的神经干细胞对大鼠脑卒中的神经保护作用

目的:探讨移植胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)基因修饰的神经干细胞(NSCs)是否比单纯NSCs移植对脑卒中有更好的神经保护.方法:用GDNF重组质粒转染NSCs,构建过表达GDNF的NSCs(GDNF/NSCs).插线法制备大鼠脑缺血卒中模型,再灌注3d,脑立体定位分别移植NSCs、 GDNF/NSCs以及生理盐水到同侧侧脑室,实验分为GDNF/NSCs组、NSCs组和对照组.再灌注第1、 2、 3、 5和7周处死大鼠,用改良的神经功能缺失评分和H-E染色分别评估大鼠神经功能和脑梗死体积;免疫组织化学显色观察移植的NSCs数量与分布和突触蛋白Syn、 PSD-95在脑组织的表达.结果:再灌注2、 3周,GDNF/NSCs组较NSCs组神经功能恢复更好.在各时间点GDNF/NSCs和NSCs组大鼠脑缺血体积较对照组显著减小;GDNF/NSCs组的NSCs细胞数量较NSCs组显著增多.再灌注2和3周,GDNF/NSCs组Syn免疫阳性产物比NSCs组显著增加;各时间点GDNF/NSCs组的PSD-95免疫阳性产物比NSCs组显著增加.结论:GDNF基因修饰的NSCs比NSCs对大鼠脑卒中有更好的神经保护作用.     

绿色荧光蛋白标记的大鼠胶质细胞源性神经营养因子重组腺病毒载体的构建及其表达

目的：构建大鼠胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因的重组腺病毒并观察其在神经干细胞上的表达，探索胶质细胞源性神经营养因子作为基因治疗神经病变的价值。方法：实验于2004-8／12在四川大学华西医院眼疾病分子遗传实验室进行。以新生SD大鼠大脑皮层细胞RNA为模板，反转录聚合酶链反应扩增出全长的胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因，经测序验证后，亚克隆至穿梭质粒pAdTrack CMV中，与骨架质粒pAdEasy 1同源重组为腺病毒载体。线形化后转染293细胞进行包装扩增，利用AdEasy 1系统上的绿色荧光蛋白鉴定病毒表达，并用病毒上清转化大鼠神经干细胞，检测胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因的表达。结果：①胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因扩增后进行测序显示扩增片段为653bp个核苷酸，同源性比较该序列正确。②重组腺病毒载体经酶切验证为阳性克隆，转染293细胞包装后的病毒滴度为lxl09PFU／mL。③转入胶质细胞源性神经营养因子的重组腺病毒的神经干细胞扩增出653bp的带。结论：成功构建了胶质细胞源性神经营养因子重组腺病毒并见其在大鼠神经干细胞中进行了表达。     

人内皮抑素重组腺病毒的构建及其在人视网膜色素上皮细胞的表达

目的 观察构建的含人内皮抑素(human endostatn,hES)基因腺病毒载体对人视网膜色素上皮(human retinal pigment epitheliaum,hRPE)细胞的感染及其基因表达情况,为眼内新生血管性疾病治疗提供一定的实验依据.方法 原代培养hRPE细胞,行角蛋白免疫组织化学进行鉴定.从真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-ASP-hES将ASP-hES扩增,亚克隆至pAdTrack CMV穿梭质粒中,与pAdEasy 1质粒在大肠杆菌BJ5183中进行同源重组为腺病毒载体,线性化后转染293细胞进行包装扩增.用该腺病毒感染hRPE细胞,应用荧光显微镜和Western blot检测病毒感染及外源基因的表达情况.结果 角蛋白免疫组织化学显示所培养的细胞为hRPE细胞,感染24 h后荧光显微镜下可见RPE细胞中有大量的绿色荧光蛋白表达,Western blot结果显示hES蛋白高表达.结论 构建的hES腺病毒对hRPE具有极高的感染效率,可作为一种良好的基因导入载体,为ES基因治疗眼内新生血管性疾病的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

人内皮抑素重组腺病毒的构建及鉴定

目的:利用Adeasy1系统,构建并鉴定人内皮抑素(hES)重组腺病毒。方法:从真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-ASP-hES中将ASP-hES扩增,亚克隆至pAdTrackCMV穿梭质粒中,与pAdEasy1质粒在大肠杆菌BJ5183中进行同源重组为腺病毒载体。线形化后转染293细胞进行包装扩增,利用AdEasy系统上的绿色荧光蛋白鉴定病毒表达。结果:重组腺病毒载体经PCR鉴定正确,病毒滴度为1×108PFU/ml。结论:成功构建了人内皮抑素重组腺病毒Ad-ASP-hES,为内皮抑素基因治疗新生血管的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

激素性青光眼房水排出阻力增加的机制探讨

目的:本研究通过观察经地塞米松处理前后培养的人小梁细胞的变化,探讨激素性青光眼房水排出阻力增加的机制。方法:将人类小梁细胞培养至接近体内的高分化状态,用地塞米松处理后,观察细胞形态的变化,并检测以下蛋白的分布和表达:(1)myocilin/TIGR蛋白;(2)纤连蛋白;(3)肌动蛋白交联网的形成;(4)血清淀粉样物质A蛋白。结果:人小梁细胞经地塞米松处理后(1)胞体变大,排列不规则,边界模糊,呈"融合"状;(2)细胞内外myocilin/TIGR蛋白表达均明显增加,其胞外表达与纤连蛋白位置一致,提示相互作用;(3)纤连蛋白表达增加;(4)CLANs形成,细胞间连接增强;(5)血清淀粉样物质A蛋白表达增加。结论:人类小梁细胞经地塞米松处理后形态发生变化,可能与应力纤维变化及myocilin蛋白在细胞内积聚有关。细胞间边界不清,与细胞外基质蛋白过度表达、沉积有关。小梁细胞外基质沉积以及异常的细胞间连接等改变与房水排出阻力增加的病理过程有关。     

Ras相关的C3肉毒毒素底物1的小发夹RNA干扰活性氧-核因子κB通路抑制小鼠视网膜新生血管生成

Objective To investigate the effects of knocking down Racl gene (ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) on retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods One hundred and eight 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups randomly. The OIR was induced by Smith protocol in 2 groups. OIR mice received an intravitreal injection of Racl-shRNA plasmid or the nonsense plasmid in the gene-intervention group and control group respectively at the age of postnatal day 11 (P11). Non-OIR mice also received an intravitreal injection of Racl-shRNA plasmid at P11 as the blank-intervention group which lived in the normoxic environment. Retinal neovascularization was investigated on flat-mounts after fluorescence angiography at P15 and P17. Endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the internal limiting membrane were counted on pathological section at P17. The expression of Racl and NF-κB p65 subunit was measured by immuohistochemistry, Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. Results Compared with the blank-control group, the level of Racl mRNA in the geneintervention group decreased obviously(t=4.5, P = 0. 001 ); the retinal non-perfusion areas, fluorescence leakage, neovascularization and the number of endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the internal limiting membrane were reduced significantly(t = 6. 521, P< 0. 001) ; the level of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation decreased(t= 16. 008, P<0. 001)while the expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA was reduced obviously(t=3. 354, P=0. 006), which was positively correlated with the expression of Ratl mRNA (P=0. 012).Conclusion Intravitreal injection of Racl-shRNA with liposome in mice can effectively inhibit the expression of Racl, and inhibit the retinal neovascularization under relative hypoxia via blocking the ROS-NF-κB pathway.     

Ras相关的C3肉毒毒素底物1的小发夹RNA干扰活性氧-核因子κB通路抑制小鼠视网膜新生血管生成

Objective To investigate the effects of knocking down Racl gene (ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) on retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods One hundred and eight 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups randomly. The OIR was induced by Smith protocol in 2 groups. OIR mice received an intravitreal injection of Racl-shRNA plasmid or the nonsense plasmid in the gene-intervention group and control group respectively at the age of postnatal day 11 (P11). Non-OIR mice also received an intravitreal injection of Racl-shRNA plasmid at P11 as the blank-intervention group which lived in the normoxic environment. Retinal neovascularization was investigated on flat-mounts after fluorescence angiography at P15 and P17. Endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the internal limiting membrane were counted on pathological section at P17. The expression of Racl and NF-κB p65 subunit was measured by immuohistochemistry, Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. Results Compared with the blank-control group, the level of Racl mRNA in the geneintervention group decreased obviously(t=4.5, P = 0. 001 ); the retinal non-perfusion areas, fluorescence leakage, neovascularization and the number of endothelial cell nuclei breaking through the internal limiting membrane were reduced significantly(t = 6. 521, P< 0. 001) ; the level of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation decreased(t= 16. 008, P<0. 001)while the expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA was reduced obviously(t=3. 354, P=0. 006), which was positively correlated with the expression of Ratl mRNA (P=0. 012).Conclusion Intravitreal injection of Racl-shRNA with liposome in mice can effectively inhibit the expression of Racl, and inhibit the retinal neovascularization under relative hypoxia via blocking the ROS-NF-κB pathway.     

短发夹RNA／MDR1逆转肝细胞癌多药耐药

有关RNA干扰（RNAi）逆转肿瘤多药耐药的实验研究报道较多,但绝大多数为细胞水平的体外实验。有报道将小RNA（siRNA）直接体内注射成功抑制目的基因表达…,但由于siRNA的不稳定性以及直接注射后的表达效率低下等问题,其可靠性值得商讨。我们在体外研究的基础上,探讨多药耐药基因（MDRI）的dsRNA质粒表达载体（PSUPER—shR-NA／MDR1）体内转染抑制多药耐药基因MDR1／p—gp表达的可能性。