色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI诊断及随访评价

目的评价MRI在色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(PVNS)术前诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗效果及术后随访的作用。方法回顾性分析2003年1月到2011年1月在本组临床疑诊为大关节PVNS患者的临床及影像学资料,并与关节镜或手术病理进行比较,分析PVNS的MRI影像特点、诊断正确率、误漏诊原因,以及在术后随访及复发的鉴别诊断价值。结果 66例患者的资料纳入分析,54例经过病理确诊为PVNS,男23例,女31例。其中弥漫型为46例,局限型为8例。MRI诊断为PVNS55例,52例确诊为PVNS,MRI诊断PVNS准确率78.8%;术后复发20例,MRI诊断复发准确率100%;7例术后联合放射治疗,1例放疗后病理性骨折。结论 PVNS是一个容易复发的良性滑膜增生性疾病,MRI术前及术后诊断准确率高,MRI在术后随访中具有重要的意义。     

胃癌病变中p53和增殖细胞核抗原的表达及其与预后的关系

目的探讨抑癌基因p53和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在胃癌和癌前病变中的表达及其与预后的关系。方法运用免疫组织化学方法检测肠上皮化生、中重度不典型增生、原发性胃癌组织中的p53和PCNA的表达情况,并设正常胃黏膜为对照组,观察p53和PCNA在正常胃黏膜→肠上皮化生→异型增生→胃癌的演变过程的表达。结果 p53蛋白在胃癌中表达显著高于异型增生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),并且与胃癌分化程度和淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05);PCNA在正常胃黏膜、肠上皮化生、异型增生和胃癌中表达逐渐递增,PCNA表达与胃癌分化程度、浸润深度以及淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05)。p53蛋白表达与PCNA标记指数呈正相关。结论 p53和PCNA在胃癌发生、发展中呈异常表达,检测p53和PCNA对判断胃癌临床预后有重要意义。     

藿香和广藿香挥发油对皮肤癣菌和条件致病真菌的抑制作用

 目的：筛选天然抗皮肤真菌新药和开发芳香油植物资源。方法目的：筛选天然抗皮肤真菌新药和开发芳香油植物资源。方法：利用培养基药物浓度稀释法和气相色谱质谱联用技术,研究了藿香和广藿香挥发油对12种皮肤癣菌和条件致病真菌的体外抑制作用和主要化学成分,比较了3种不同地理来源（中国、印度和印度尼西亚爪哇）广藿香油的抗真菌活性。结果：这4种挥发油都可以选择性地完全抑制皮肤癣菌的生长繁殖,其中中国广藿香油的活性最强,其最低抑制浓度（MIC）50～400 μl·L^-1,主要化学成分为广藿香醇、异愈创木烯和广藿香烯。藿香油最弱,MIC位于700～1000 μl·L^-1,主要成分是薄荷酮类化合物。结论：证明了广藿香油的选择性皮肤癣菌抑制作用,为进一步筛选抗真菌外用新药提供了重要依据。 ：利用培养基药物浓度稀释法和气相色谱一质语联用技术,研究了蓄香和广曹香挥发油时12种皮肤癣菌和条件致病真菌的体外抑制作用和主要化学成分,比较了3种不同地理来源(中国、印度和印度尼西亚爪哇)广茬香油的杭真菌活性。结果：这4种挥发油都可以选择性地完全抑制皮肤癣菌的生长繁殖,其中中国广着香油的活性最强,其最低抑制浓度(MIC)50～400μl·L/〈sup〉-1〈sup〉,主要化学成分为广蓉香醇、异愈创木烯和广蓉香烯。蓉香油最弱,MIC位于700～1000μl·Ｌ〈sup〉-1〈sup〉,主要成分是薄荷酮类化合物。结论：证明了广茬香油的选择性皮肤癣菌抑制作用,为进一步筛选杭真菌外用新药提供了重要依据。     

Two years oral use of chlorhexidine in man

Possible changes in the structure of human oral mucosa resulting from exposure to chlorhexidine were examined in biopsy specimens of palatal and gingival mucosa obtained from three groups of young adults who had rinsed for more than 1 year (a) once or (b) twice daily with 0.2 % chlorhexidine solution or (c) with a placebo mouthwash. Specimens were quenched in liquid nitrogen and cryostat sectioned perpendicular to the epithelial surface. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were used to assess the degree of keratinization of epithelia and to measure the width of the stratum corneum. Sections treated with buffered alkaline solutions were used to expand and count the number of layers of cells in the stratum corneum.
All specimens examined showed evidence of keratinization and, in keeping with previous reports, palatal specimens were more frequently orthokeratinized than gingival specimens. Mean width of the stratum corneum of gingival specimens was approximately 13 μ m and of palatal specimens, 23 μ m. The mean number of layers of cells in the stratum corneum of the gingiva was approximately 10 and of the palate, approximately 12. Differences in the degree of keratinization and thickness of the stratum corneum between gingival and palatal specimens was statistically significant, but no statistically significant differences were found between the chlorhexidine-exposed and non-chlorhexidine-exposed palatal tissue in keratinization, layers of cells or thickness of the stratum corneum. Neither was there any statistical difference in the same parameters for the gingival specimens. The methods employed did not therefore detect any changes in the normal structure of keratinizing oral epithelia as a result of prolonged daily exposure to chlorhexidine.     

耻垢分枝杆菌蛋白酶体辅助因子 A 的敲除和功能探讨

目的：用同源重组方法构建耻垢分枝杆菌 MC2155蛋白酶体辅助因子 A(proteasome accessory factor A,PafA)基因敲除菌株,初步探究 PafA 基因的缺失对耻垢分枝杆菌的生长活力及药物敏感性的影响。方法对耻垢分枝杆菌基因组中 PafA 两侧序列分别进行扩增,连接载体及目的片段构建自杀载体,电击转入耻垢分枝杆菌中,与基因组中的 PafA 进行同源交换,通过蓝白斑筛选出基因敲除菌株。对敲除菌株与野生菌株每隔3 h 测定其正常条件、厌氧条件下及加不同浓度异烟肼、利福平和乙胺丁醇条件下菌液的吸光度(A580)值,比较其生长活力,连续2 d,绘制生长曲线。结果通过同源重组方法成功得到了耻垢分枝杆菌的 PafA 基因敲除株,不同药物浓度及生长条件下两者的生长曲线呈“S”形,两者之间的生长速度未见明显差别。结论 PafA 虽然是原核细胞类泛素-蛋白酶体系统中的重要组成部分,但它的缺失并未引起显著的菌株生长活力和药物敏感性的变化,提示 PafA 的主要功能可能不在于此,菌株另外还有代偿的途径,PafA 基因功能并不是影响耻垢分枝杆菌生长及药物作用效果的唯一因素,对它的功能研究需要更加深入。     

Two years oral use of chlorhexidine in man

One hundred twenty students maintained similar oral hygiene procedures for two years, except that 61 students rinsed once daily with a chlorhexidine gluconate solution and the remaining 59 students with a placebo solution. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for chlorhexidine was determined for a number of salivary bacterial strains at various intervals during and after the treatment. It was concluded that chlorhexidine treatment created a selective pressure on the salivary microflora resulting in a slight change in distribution toward those organisms which were less sensitive to chlorhexidine. This change diminished after cessation of the treatment, and the distribution in the chlorhexidine group approached that of the placebotreatment group.     

Two year oral use of chlorhexidine in man

During two years of daily use of chlorhexidine mouthrinses 61 students, as well as 59 students using a placebo solution, had determinations of hemoglobin, methemoglobin, sedimentation rate, and numbers of erythrocytes and white cells as well as differential counts. The urine was examined for protein and glucose, and at the end of the experimental period the liver function and kidney function were tested. During the course of the study each participant responded regularly to a general health questionnaire. All the results remained negative, remained within normal range, or returned to normal values. No systemic or local side effect that could be attributed to the use of chlorhexidine was observed.     

Orthotopic liver transplantation in glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency--Von Gierke disease--with multiple hepatic adenomas and concomitant focal nodular hyperplasia

Von Gierke disease is occasionally complicated by hepatic adenomas (HAs) causing great concern owing to the current difficulties in monitoring them regarding malignant transformation. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is proposed as a therapeutic tool when multiple HAs and poor metabolic control are present, owing to the lack of a clear-cut criterion to detect early malignant transformation, whether or not associated with growth retardation. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) has never been described together with multiple adenomas in von Gierke disease. We report a 26-year-old woman with von Gierke disease complicated by multiple HAs concomitant with FNH who underwent OLT and is now free from disease symptoms with good long-term outcome. In conclusion, although FNH could have been managed clinically, when multiple adenomas are present, OLT should be planned for some patients, mainly for those with poor metabolic control.     

Two year oral use of chlorhexidine in man

One group of 61 students rinsed once daily with 10 ml of a 0.2 per cent solution of chlorhexidine gluconate for two years and another group of 59 students rinsed with 10 ml of a placebo solution. Both groups were otherwise kept on the same oral hygiene programme. The number of total anaerobes, aerobes and streptococci in saliva was followed regularly before, during and after the treatment, in all for 2 years and 7 months. At the same time the number in saliva of large gram negative rods of the enteric types was followed, as was the presence of Streptococcus mutans . It is concluded that treatment with chlorhexidine resulted in a 30 to 50 per cent reduction in the number of bacteria in saliva without producing a detectable shift. A change in. the population of large gram negative rods was not observed, however, the number of students from whom Streptococcus mutans could be isolated from saliva decreased during the treatment.     

酵母多糖对机体免疫功能的影响

目的从免疫学角度探讨酵母多糖对机体免疫功能的影响,从而为食品添加剂产业提供新的产品。方法分离提取小鼠的脾淋巴细胞,加入不同浓度酵母多糖（0．00、0．25、0．50、1．00、2．00、4．00g／L）后进行培养,对其进行增殖活性、白细胞介素2（IL．2）分泌量的测定以及细胞表型检测,并与对照组比较。结果加入0．50、1．00、2．00、4．00g／L酵母多糖培养3、6、9d后,小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖呈上升趋势,各组促增效果均明显超过0．00g／L组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。加入0．25、0．50、1．00、2．00、4．00g/L酵母多糖培养9d后,各浓度组脾淋巴细胞IL-2的分泌量均高于0．00g／L组[（9．4±1．3）、（13．4±1．2）、（13．2±1．2）、（15．6±3．6）、（10．8±1．3）μg/L比（7．3±1．1）μg/L,P〈0．05]。培养6d的2．00g／L组CD3^＋、CD19^＋标记细胞百分比分别为（9．14±0．31）％、（4．47±0．55）％,明显高于0．00g／L组[分别为（5．01±0．74）％、（2．73±0．22）％,P〈0．01]。结论酵母多糖可增强机体的免疫功能。