Absence of insulin receptor gene mutations in three insulin-resistant women with the polycystic ovary syndrome

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are markedly insulin-resistant, but the molecular mechanisms of these changes and their relationship to the hyperandrogenic state remain to be clarified. Mutations have recently been identified in the insulin receptor gene of patients with extreme forms of insulin resistance associated with hyperandrogenism (eg, type A insulin resistance), and these mutations account for the insulin resistance in such patients. We performed this study to determine whether mutations in the coding portion of the insulin receptor gene were responsible for insulin resistance in PCOS. Insulin binding studies using cultured skin fibroblasts of three obese (body mass index > 27 kg/m²) women with PCOS (ie, mild hyperandrogenemia and chronic anovulation of unknown etiology) and documented insulin resistance showed no apprarent abnormalities in either the number or affinity of insulin binding sites. Direct sequencing of all 22 exons of the insulin receptor gene from two of the women with PCOS did not reveal any mutations. Furthermore, both alleles of the gene were expressed at equal levels. In a third insulin-resistant PCOS woman, there was no evidence for a mutation in the coding portion of the insulin receptor gene as determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). We conclude that the insulin resistance in these PCOS women was caused by a defect extrinsic to the insulin receptor.     

Global attraction and stability for Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with delays

We consider a class of Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with delays. We prove the existence and global asymptotic stability of an equilibrium point and estimate the region of existence. Furthermore, we show that the trajectories of the neural networks with positive initial data will stay in the positive region if the amplification function satisfies a divergent condition. We also establish the existence of a globally attracting compact set for more general networks. We estimate this compact set explicitly in terms of the network parameters from physiological and biological models. Our results can be applied to neural networks with a wide range of activation functions which are neither bounded nor globally Lipschitz continuous such as the Lotka–Volterra model. We also give some examples and simulations.     

医院医疗设备管理"可靠性"的初步探讨

"可靠性"这一术语定义为:在规定环境条件下,和规定的时间内,完成规定功能的能力."可靠性"概念通常用于工业产品,"可靠性"理解具有广泛的含义,它可以适用于各行各业,将"可靠性"概念引入医院医疗设备管理同样是有可能实现的.     

喉部分切除术81例的疗效分析

目的：探讨喉部分切除术的疗效及修复方法。方法：回顾分析1980年1999年施行喉部分切除术81例的临床资料,其中声门上型喉癌22例、声门型喉癌59例。结果：声门上型喉癌3、5年生存率分别为66．7％、63．2％,声门型喉癌3、5年生存率分别为87．2％、80．5％。拔管率声门上型喉癌为77．2％（17／22）,声门型喉癌为93．2％（55／59）。结论：喉部分切除术能保留大部分患者喉的呼吸及发声功能,是根治喉癌的有效术式。     

Variations of Concentration Characteristics of Rainfall Runoff Pollutants in Typical Urban Living Areas

Based on a typical residential area, this paper studies the characteristics of pollutant concentration changes in two rainfall runoffs and the first flush effect of rainfall. In rainfall runoff, the concentrations of seven pollutants (COD_Mn, TN, DTN, NH₃-N, TP, DTP, and PO₄³⁻) increased during the initial rainfall period and decreased in the later period. Rainfall causes the erosion of pollutants on the underlying surface so that water pollution begins when rainfall runoff occurs, and the pollution level drops over time. The seven pollutants all experience this first flush effect, of which, rainfall has the strongest scouring effect on NH₃-N produced by domestic sewage. The significant excess of pollutants in rainfall runoff should be considered by management departments. In addition, the existence of the first flush effect makes it possible in theory to partially intercept rainfall runoff to control water pollution, thereby reducing the cost of pollution control.

     

谷胱甘肽对高糖时人内皮细胞分泌前列环素和内皮素-1的影响

了解谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）对高糖时人内皮细胞分泌前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）和内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）的影响。方法： 原代培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,分别加入正常对照组,高糖组,正常＋ＧＳＨ组,高糖＋ＧＳＨ组培养基,放免法测定培养 ２４ｈ,４８ｈ,７２ｈ时培养基中的ＰＧＩ２和ＥＴ－１含量。结果：①高糖组较正常对照组ＰＧＩ２显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＥＴ－１显 著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）;②高糖＋ＧＳＨ组较高糖组ＰＧＩ２升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＥＴ－１显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＧＳＨ在调节高 糖时人血管内皮细胞分泌 ＰＧＩ２／ＥＴ－１的平衡方面起一定作用。     

Clinical Study on Prevention and Treatment of Vaginal Bleeding with Yaoliuan Capsule (药流安胶囊) after Drug-Induced Abortion

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T细胞在肺上皮细胞损伤与修复中的作用和机制

肺上皮细胞在呼吸系统中起着重要的保护作用。然而,各种病理因素如感染、创伤和炎症等可以导致肺上皮细胞的损伤,进而引发呼吸系统疾病。在肺上皮细胞损伤和修复过程中,T细胞扮演着关键角色,并通过接触或者释放多种免疫介质来参与这一过程。不同亚群的 T细胞分别承担着增强抗炎反应、清除感染的致炎作用以及促进血管新生和上皮细胞增殖的修复作用。本综述旨在总结T细胞在肺上皮细胞损伤和修复中的作用,并阐述其参与肺疾病发病和缓解的可能机制。     

PCNA和C—erbB—2在喉癌中的表达以及临床意义

用免疫组化ＳＰ法对６３例喉鳞状细胞癌的ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２进行原位检测,并随访了５年的生存情况。结果表明,ＰＣＮＡ指数越高,病理分级越差（Ｐ＜０．０１）,５年生存率越低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,颈淋巴结转移率越高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２表达阳性率与病理分级、５年生存率及颈淋巴结转移率无关。ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２之间无相关性。提示ＰＣＮＡ指数与喉癌恶性程度、５年生存率、颈淋巴结转移率密切相关,在喉癌中检测ＰＣＮＡ较Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２更有意义。     

浅谈如何构建和谐医患关系

从分析新形势下医患关系中的现状和存在的问题,结合我国医疗卫生工作的特点,就目前导致医患关系紧张的社会、医方、患方等因素进行归类和比较,以期发现改善目前医患关系的突破口。指出:要构建和谐医患关系,医院以人性服务为中心,寻找服务创新点;坚持社会效益准则,打造诚信医院;建立和完善医患沟通制度,促进医患沟通;提供精湛、优质的技术服务,让患者放心;严格医院质量管理,确保医疗安全;建立医疗告之制度,增进医患之间相互了解和信任;实现医院可持续发展。