小剂量盐酸右美托咪定在全身麻醉苏醒拔管期的疗效及安全性

目的探析小剂量盐酸右美托咪定在全麻苏醒拔管期的应用价值。方法 80例全麻手术患者随机分为两组(每组40例);治疗组,给予小剂量盐酸右美托咪定;对照组,给予生理盐水,比较两组疗效。结果两组在睁眼、拔管、抬颈5 s及自主呼吸上的时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),在拔管时和拔管后5 min,治疗组血压、心率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论在全身麻醉患者中推行小剂量盐酸右美托咪定方案效果较好。     

Variations of Concentration Characteristics of Rainfall Runoff Pollutants in Typical Urban Living Areas

Based on a typical residential area, this paper studies the characteristics of pollutant concentration changes in two rainfall runoffs and the first flush effect of rainfall. In rainfall runoff, the concentrations of seven pollutants (COD_Mn, TN, DTN, NH₃-N, TP, DTP, and PO₄³⁻) increased during the initial rainfall period and decreased in the later period. Rainfall causes the erosion of pollutants on the underlying surface so that water pollution begins when rainfall runoff occurs, and the pollution level drops over time. The seven pollutants all experience this first flush effect, of which, rainfall has the strongest scouring effect on NH₃-N produced by domestic sewage. The significant excess of pollutants in rainfall runoff should be considered by management departments. In addition, the existence of the first flush effect makes it possible in theory to partially intercept rainfall runoff to control water pollution, thereby reducing the cost of pollution control.

     

妇科调经颗粒水提取工艺的探讨

目的:确定妇科调经颗粒水提取的最佳工艺条件.方法:用正交试验等方法,以芍药苷的含量为考核指标,对溶剂水的用量、提取时间、提取次数等影响提取的因素进行考察,进行考核.结果:最佳工艺条件为:用10倍和8倍量的水煎煮2次,第1次3 h,第2次2 h.结论:用最佳组合参数能充分、有效地提取药材中水溶性的有效成分.     

头孢霉AL031真菌次生代谢产物的抗菌活性研究

采用滤纸片法 ,以 11株革兰氏阳性或阴性细菌为指示菌 ,对从头孢霉AL0 31真菌次生代谢产物中分离到的 14个化合物进行了体外抗细菌活性筛选。结果表明 :新化合物 :S ( ) 5 羟基蜂蜜曲菌素、S ( ) 7 羟基蜂蜜曲菌素和已知化合物 :蜂蜜曲菌素、2 ,4 -二羟基 3,6 二甲基苯甲酸、3,6 二羟基 2 ,4 二甲基苯甲酸、琥珀酸具有广谱的抗细菌活性 ,采用杯碟法 ,以三种细菌为指示菌 ,测定了具有抗菌活性的 6个化合物的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) ,其MIC为 0 0 312 5～ 0 5mg/ml。     

全自动红细胞沉降率分析仪Monitor-100测定结果的评价

目的评价全自动血沉仪Monitor-100测定红细胞沉降率(ESR)结果的可靠性和准确性。方法随机选取住院和门诊患者146例,采用自动ESR分析仪Monitor-100的30min和1h及魏氏法测定ESR,并对3种方法进行比较并进行重复性检测。结果 (1)仪器法30min、仪器法1h、魏氏法检测ESR值分别为37.8±34.1、38.1±33.7和36.4±32.9,两两比较其差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)仪器法30min、仪器法1h、魏氏法的阳性结果检出率依次为43.2%、44.5%和45.2%,未发现有统计学差异(P0.05)。(3)仪器法30min、仪器法1h、仪器法30min与魏氏法、仪器法1h与魏氏法之间比较,Kapper值依次为0.944、0.875、0.903。(4)重复性检测CV值均较小,均在可接受范围内。结论全自动ESR分析仪Monitor-100与魏氏法相比,假阳性率和假阴性率均较低,且一致性、重复性极好,方便快速且安全,应在临床上大量推广。     

两种局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型的影像及超微结构比较

目的比较大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）模型和光化学诱导局灶性脑缺血模型的磁共振影像及超微结构的差异。方法分别建立大鼠MCAO和光化学诱导局灶性脑缺血模型,利用小动物磁共振成像系统观察脑缺血区域及周边血管分布,结合透射电镜技术比较两种模型缺血区超微结构的变化。结果MCAO模型缺血区范围较大且不稳定,细胞结构破坏严重,血管变形显著,新生血管较少。光化学诱导模型缺血区范围较小且稳定,细胞结构损伤区域较小,新生血管较多。结论两种模型方法各有优缺点,均为脑缺血后血管损伤保护及溶栓治疗的研究提供实用性工具,可根据科研需求选取适合的造模方法     

Evaluation of Transdermal Drug Permeation as Modulated by Lipoderm and Pluronic Lecithin Organogel

The transdermal delivery of 2 fluorescent probes with similar molecular weight but different lipophilicity, into and through the skin from 2 commercially available transdermal bases, pluronic lecithin organogel, and Lipoderm^® has been evaluated. First, in vitro penetration of fluorescein sodium and fluorescein (free acid) through porcine skin was evaluated. Retention and depth distribution profiles in skin were obtained by tape stripping and then followed by optical sectioning using multiphoton microscopy. The results showed that Lipoderm^® led to an enhanced penetration of the hydrophilic compound, fluorescein sodium. For the lipophilic compound fluorescein (free acid), Lipoderm^® performed similar to pluronic lecithin organogel base, where minimal drug was detected in either receptor phase. The skin retention and depth distribution results also showed that the hydrophilic fluorescein sodium had high skin retention with Lipoderm^®, whereas fluorescein (free acid) had very low penetration and retention with increasing skin depth. Moreover, optical sectioning by multiphoton microscopy revealed an uneven distribution of probes across the skin in the x-y plane for both transdermal bases. This work showed that a hydrophilic compound has significantly increased skin penetration and retention when formulated with Lipoderm^®, and the skin retention of the probe was the main determinant of its skin flux.     

医学图书馆健康信息服务研究

分析医学图书馆健康信息服务工作现状和问题,详细阐述基于倡导促动理论的医学图书馆健康信息服务策略,讨论健康信息服务注意事项,以提高医学图书馆健康信息服务效能,满足公众健康信息服务需求.     

老年肌肉衰减症研究新进展

正肌肉衰减症(简称肌少症),又称"骨骼肌减少症"、"肌肉衰减症"、"老年性骨骼肌减少症"等等。在1989年由Irwin第一次用来描述老年性的肌肉减少和力量衰减[1]。肌肉衰减症严重影响老年人生活质量和健康寿命,在老年人群中,男性肌少症患病率为0～85.4%,女性0.1%～33.6%。社区老年居民中,肌少症的患病率为1%～29%,长期居住于护理院人群肌少症患病率为14%～33%,急诊老年人患病率为