青少年近视患者配戴渐进多焦眼镜的视光学检查现状初步分析

目的:调查青少年近视患者配戴渐进多焦眼镜的现状,分析其对眼部参数的影响。方法:随机抽查配戴渐进光眼镜的近视患者214名,对其进行视光学检查,包括屈光度、斜视度、AC/A率、辐接近点和融合范围等项目,并调查其心理感受。其检查结果与256名年龄相匹配的戴用单焦眼镜的近视患者相对照,分析其变量的变化。结果:配戴渐变多焦眼镜的近视患者中140例无不适感觉,满意程度明显高于对照组;屈光度平均为-3.5D,约半数患者(48.6％)存在不同程度的外隐斜,其中8位是间歇性外斜患者,没有融合能力,辐辏近点大于20 cm;平均AC/A率为(2.95±1.49),平均融合力为+16.41°～-7.06°,平均辐转近点为(72.63±24.42)mm。实验组除AC/A率低于对照组(t=3.52,P<0.05),且与屈光度无明显相关(r=-0.0318,P>0.05)外,其余检查与对照组之间没有显著性差别。结论:渐进多焦眼镜可以引起AC/A率降低,并有可能通过掩饰间歇性外斜患者 的症状而耽误其治疗。因此,渐进多焦眼镜虽然普遍受青少年近视患者欢迎,但验配中仍存在适应证选择问题,青少年在验配时最好在医生的指导下进行。     

组织型纤溶酶原激活剂及其抑制物的变化与冠心病的关系

目的：观察冠心病患者纤溶活性的变化及其在冠心病发病中的作用，探讨其临床意义。方法：用酶联免疫双抗夹心(ELISA)法测定58例冠心病患者血浆中组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t—PA)及纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1(PAI-1)抗原含量，反映纤溶-抗纤溶活性的变化，并对冠心病患者组与对照组纤溶指标进行不同性别间的比较。结果：急性心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛患者PM-1的含量、PAI-1／t—PA比值明显高于对照组，且急性心肌梗死患者PM-1的含量较不稳定心绞痛患者显著为高。但t—PA在急性心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛患者均无显著降低。患者组及对照组不同性别间纤溶及抗纤溶水平均未见有显著差异。结论：血栓性疾病与纤溶系统的异常有密切关系。纤溶系统活性的变化及纤溶-抗纤溶的平衡失调在缺血性心脏病的发生、发展中起着重要作用。     

Use of a Chinese hamster ovary cell cytotoxicity assay for the rapid diagnosis of pertussis.

A cytotoxicity assay with Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) capable of detecting 750 pg of pertussis toxin was assessed for use as a rapid test for the diagnosis of pertussis and compared with direct immunofluorescence (DFA). With pure bacterial cultures and simulated clinical specimens, the CHO assay detected as few as two colonies of Bordetella pertussis; no cytotoxicity occurred with other respiratory tract microorganisms. Next, nasopharyngeal aspirate secretions and nasopharyngeal cultures harvested after 72 h of incubation from 57 culture-positive and 201 culture-negative patients were examined. The CHO assay with nasopharyngeal secretions was positive in 25 (45%) of 55 culture-positive cases; DFA was positive in 15 (26%) of 57 cases (P = 0.05). The CHO assay with 72-h culture washes was positive in 42 (75%) of 57 culture-positive cases (P less than 0.001 compared with DFA). The CHO assay was more specific than DFA; all five CHO-positive, culture-negative cases were confirmed as true positives by serologic or toxin neutralization assays. In contrast, only 4 (36%) of 11 DFA-positive, culture-negative cases were confirmed as pertussis by serologic methods (P = 0.03). Combining the CHO assay with culture significantly decreased the delay in laboratory diagnosis of pertussis (3.30 versus 4.54 days; P = 0.01). The CHO assay is a sensitive and specific assay for the rapid diagnosis of pertussis.     

冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of Donglian Capsule(the combination of Ophiopogonis Tuber Polysaccharide with Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids, OPRA for short, Component of Chinese medicine)on early insulin resistance in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The animal model of insulin resistance in 2 type diabetic was established by injecting low dose of STZ in 60 high fat-fed SD rats. After one week, the successful models were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated, high and low OPRA-treated, mefformin-treated group, Meanwhile, a normal control group was designed. After four weeks, the differences of FBG, PG, INS and C-P were compared among the groups. Results The OPRA can significantly reduced the level of serum TC and FBG, increased the C-E ]Lightened the IRI(P<0.01). Conclusion The OPRA can reduce the level of serum TG and FBG, and decrease insulin resistance to protect the β-cell function.     

冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of Donglian Capsule(the combination of Ophiopogonis Tuber Polysaccharide with Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids, OPRA for short, Component of Chinese medicine)on early insulin resistance in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The animal model of insulin resistance in 2 type diabetic was established by injecting low dose of STZ in 60 high fat-fed SD rats. After one week, the successful models were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated, high and low OPRA-treated, mefformin-treated group, Meanwhile, a normal control group was designed. After four weeks, the differences of FBG, PG, INS and C-P were compared among the groups. Results The OPRA can significantly reduced the level of serum TC and FBG, increased the C-E ]Lightened the IRI(P<0.01). Conclusion The OPRA can reduce the level of serum TG and FBG, and decrease insulin resistance to protect the β-cell function.     

民族医药在肝癌防治中的应用

通过概述土家医、壮医、苗医、蒙医、藏医、侗医、畲医、维吾尔医、傣医等民族医的特色理论和诊疗技法,阐释民族医药在防治肝癌中的应用情况。我国部分少数民族在防治肝癌方面有丰富的用药经验和外治方法,主要通过驱毒、扶正等方法指导肝癌防治,在未病先防、既病防变、改善相关症状等方面发挥着一定的优势。     

冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of Donglian Capsule(the combination of Ophiopogonis Tuber Polysaccharide with Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids, OPRA for short, Component of Chinese medicine)on early insulin resistance in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The animal model of insulin resistance in 2 type diabetic was established by injecting low dose of STZ in 60 high fat-fed SD rats. After one week, the successful models were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated, high and low OPRA-treated, mefformin-treated group, Meanwhile, a normal control group was designed. After four weeks, the differences of FBG, PG, INS and C-P were compared among the groups. Results The OPRA can significantly reduced the level of serum TC and FBG, increased the C-E ]Lightened the IRI(P<0.01). Conclusion The OPRA can reduce the level of serum TG and FBG, and decrease insulin resistance to protect the β-cell function.     

北京大学口腔医学专业留学生教育管理现状分析和思考

从北京大学口腔医学院留学生现状入手,分析我校口腔医学专业留学生的招生政策、年龄结构、生源地、学历结构、语言状况及留学动因;并揭示当前我国口腔医学专业留学生教育管理过程中出现的文化差异、语言能力差异及人文素质教育缺乏等主要问题,进而提出改进我校口腔医学专业留学生教育管理的思路和设想。