排序方式: 共有8条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Social and Economic Impacts of School Influenza Outbreaks in England: Survey of Caregivers
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The Journal of school health》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
2.
3.
Matt Edmunds Rachel Mearkle Jennifer Folliard Charlotte Anderson Sooria Balasegaram Nastassya Chandra Clare Sawyer Norman K Fry Sonia Ribeiro Gemma Palmer Michael Morgan Gill Underhill Nusreen Ahmad Simon Friar Andre Charlett David Litt Colin S Brown Gayatri Amirthalingam 《Euro surveillance : bulletin européen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin》2021,26(26)
On 1 May 2018, a pertussis outbreak was declared and widespread vaccination recommended at an all-female secondary boarding school in southern England. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to determine the extent of pertussis transmission and identify risk factors in this semi-closed population. Of 504 students and staff assessed before post-exposure vaccination, 48% (n = 240) had evidence of pertussis. A sub-analysis of 409 students found that both residential dormitory (p = 0.05) and school year (p = 0.03) were associated with pertussis, with odds decreasing by 11% for each increase in school year (95% confidence interval: 0.7–20.2). Odds of pertussis were 1.7 times higher in those assumed to have received acellular vaccines for their primary course compared with those assumed to have received whole-cell vaccines (based on date of birth), although this difference was not significant (p = 0.12). Our findings support the need for timely, widespread vaccination following identification of cases among adolescents in a semi-closed United Kingdom (UK) setting and to review the evidence for the introduction of an adolescent pertussis booster to the UK routine vaccination programme. 相似文献
4.
Dan Norbäck Jamal Hisham Hashim Zailina Hashim Vinoshini Sooria Syazwan Aizat Ismail Gunilla Wieslander 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2017,220(4):697-703
Background
There are few studies on ocular effects of indoor mould exposure in schools, especially in the tropicsObjective
To study associations between eye symptoms and tear film break up time (BUT) in students and demographic data and fungal DNA in schools.Methods
A school environment study was performed among randomly selected students in eight randomly selected secondary schools in Penang, Malaysia. Information on eye symptoms and demographic data was collected by a standardised questionnaire. BUT was measured by two methods, self-reported BUT (SBUT) and by the non-invasive Tearscope (NIBUT). Dust was collected by vacuuming in 32 classrooms and analysed for five fungal DNA sequences. Geometric mean (GM) for total fungal DNA was 7.31*104 target copies per gram dust and for Aspergillus/Penicillium DNA 3.34*104 target copies per gram dust. Linear mixed models and 3-level multiple logistic regression were applied adjusting for demographic factors.Results
A total of 368 students (58%) participated and 17.4% reported weekly eye symptoms the last 3 months. The median SBUT and TBUT were 15 and 12 s, respectively. Students wearing glasses (OR 2.41, p = 0.01) and with a history of atopy (OR = 2.67; p = 0.008) had more eye symptoms. Girls had less eye symptoms than boys (OR = 0.34; p = 0.006) Indoor carbon dioxide in the classrooms was low (range 380–720 ppm), temperature was 25–30 °C and relative air humidity 70–88%. Total fungal DNA in vacuumed dust was associated with shorter SBUT (4 s shorter per 105 target copies per gram dust; p = 0.04) and NIBUT (4 s shorter per 105 target copies per gram dust; p < 0.001). Aspergillus/Penicillium DNA was associated with shorter NIBUT (5 s shorter per 105 target copies per gram dust; p = 0.01).Conclusion
Fungal contamination in schools in a tropical country can be a risk factor for impaired tear film stability among students. 相似文献5.
Benedetto Simone Sooria Balasegaram Maya Gobin Charlotte Anderson André Charlett Louise Coole Helen Maguire Tom Nichols Chas Rawlings Mary Ramsay Isabel Oliver 《Vaccine》2014
In January–March 2013 in England, confirmed measles cases increased in children aged 10–16 years. In April–September 2013, the National Health System and Public Health England launched a national measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) campaign based on data from Child Health Information Systems (CHIS) estimating that approximately 8% in this age group were unvaccinated. We estimated coverage at baseline, and, of those unvaccinated (target), the proportion vaccinated up to 20/08/2013 (mid-point) to inform further public health action. 相似文献
6.
Arnaud Le Menach Naomi Boxall Gayatri Amirthalingam Liz Maddock Sooria Balasegaram Miranda Mindlin 《Vaccine》2014
Background
Following a measles outbreak in a vaccine-rejecting community between April and September 2011 in South-East England, local health agencies implemented a two-pronged measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) immunisation campaign from August to October offered at the local general practice where most cases were registered. The campaign included (a) accelerated vaccination of children earlier than scheduled (1st dose at 6–11 months, or 2nd dose at 18–39 months), (b) catch-up of those aged over 18 months who had had no MMR immunisations or were late for second MMR. We investigated the impact of the outbreak and campaign on the number of MMR doses given.Materials and methods
In January 2012, we collected information on MMR vaccination for children registered at the practice aged 6 months–16 years on 1 August 2011, through the child health information system. We counted the number of MMR doses administered in 2011 and compared it to 2008–2010 data. We estimated the proportion vaccinated among the children eligible for the accelerated and catch-up campaign.Results
The local practice administered 257 MMR doses in 2011, a 114% increase on the average for 2008–2010. Among children eligible for earlier MMR vaccination 5/26 (19%) received a first dose, and 34/57 (60%) a second dose. Among children eligible for catch-up, 20/329 (6%) received their first MMR and 39/121 (32%) their second. Of 1538 children, the proportion completely unimmunised for MMR declined by 3 percentage-points after the outbreak.Discussion
Uptake of MMR vaccination significantly increased during the outbreak following the immunisation campaign. Those amenable to MMR vaccination seem to have benefited from the campaign more than those with no previous vaccinations. Future evaluations should address what made a few parents change their mind and have their children vaccinated for the first time during the outbreak. 相似文献7.
Balasegaram S Ogilvie F Glasswell A Anderson C Cleary V Turbitt D McCloskey B 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2012,6(3):e35-e41
Please cite this paper as: Balasegaram et al. (2012) Patterns of early transmission of pandemic influenza in London – link with deprivation. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(3), e35–e41.
Background During the early containment phase in England from April to June 2009, the national strategy for H1N1 pandemic influenza involved case investigation and treatment, and tracing and prophylaxis of contacts.
Objective To describe the relationship between early transmission of H1N1 pandemic influenza in London and age and socio‐economic status.
Methods Epidemiological data on cases of pandemic flu in London reported to the London Flu Response Centre were analysed to determine patterns of transmission.
Results There were 3487 reported cases (2202 confirmed, 1272 presumed and 14 probable) from 20 April to 28 June 2009, during the ‘containment’ period. The highest report rate of 206 per 100 000 (95% CI 195–218) was seen in primary school–age children (5−11 years) followed by 129 (95% CI 119–139) in secondary school–age children (12–18 years). Reports of cases were initially concentrated in affluent areas but overall showed a clear trend with deprivation and risk ratio of 2·32 (95% CI 1·94–2·78) between the most deprived and the least deprived.
Conclusion Early transmissions were highest amongst school‐aged children but linked with socio‐economic deprivation across all age groups. 相似文献
8.
Laura E. Nabarro Colin S. Brown Sooria Balasegaram Valrie Decraene James Elston Smita Kapadia Pauline Harrington Peter Hoffman Rachel Mearkle Bharat Patel Derren Ready Esther Robinson Theresa Lamagni 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(5):915
Healthcare-associated invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) outbreaks are common worldwide, but only England has reported outbreaks associated with home healthcare (HHC). We describe 10 outbreaks during 2018–2019 in England. A total of 96 iGAS cases (range 2–39 per outbreak) and 28 deaths (case-fatality rate 29%) occurred. Outbreak duration ranged from 3–517 days; median time between sequential cases was 20.5 days (range 1–225 days). Outbreak identification was difficult, but emm typing and whole-genome sequencing improved detection. Network analyses indicated multiple potential transmission routes. Screening of 366 HHC workers from 9 outbreaks identified group A Streptococcus carriage in just 1 worker. Outbreak control required multiple interventions, including improved infection control, equipment decontamination, and antimicrobial prophylaxis for staff. Transmission routes and effective interventions are not yet clear, and iGAS outbreaks likely are underrecognized. To improve patient safety and reduce deaths, public health agencies should be aware of HHC-associated iGAS. 相似文献
1