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1.
ngela P. de Mattos Tereza C.M. Ribeiro Patrícia S.A. Mendes Sandra S. Valois Carlos M.C. Mendes Hugo C. Ribeiro Jr 《Nutrition Research》2009,29(7):462-469
Although previous studies have shown successful treatment of persistent diarrhea (PD) with the use of yogurt-based diets, some recent ones speculate the need of special formulas for the nutritional management of PD complicated cases. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the consumption of 3 lactose-free diets, with different degrees of complexity, is associated with lower stool output and shorter duration of diarrhea when compared with the use of a yogurt-based one on the nutritional management of PD. A total of 154 male infants, aged between 1 and 30 months, with PD and with or without dehydration, were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups. Throughout the study, the patients were placed in a metabolic unit; their body weights and intakes of oral rehydration solution, water, and formula diets, in addition to outputs of stool, urine, and vomit, were measured and recorded at 24-hour intervals. Four different diets were used in this study: diet 1, yogurt-based formula; diet 2, soy-based formula; diet 3, hydrolyzed protein-based formula; and diet 4, amino acid–based formula. Throughout the study, only these formula diets were fed to the children. The data showed that children fed the yogurt-based diet (diet 1) or the amino acid–based diet (diet 4) had a significant reduction in stool output and in the duration of diarrhea. The use of an inexpensive and worldwide-available yogurt-based diet is recommended as the first choice for the nutritional management of mild to moderate PD. For the few complicated PD cases, when available, a more complex amino acid–based diet should be reserved for the nutritional management of these unresponsive and severe presentations. Soy-based or casein-based diets do not offer any specific advantage or benefits and do not seem to have a place in the management of PD. 相似文献
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Perfluorochemicals as US contrast agents for tumor imaging and hepatosplenography: preliminary clinical results 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Mattrey RF; Strich G; Shelton RE; Gosink BB; Leopold GR; Lee T; Forsythe J 《Radiology》1987,163(2):339-343
In animals, perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are effective ultrasound (US) contrast agents that produce hepatic, splenic, and tumor enhancement. The use of Fluosol-DA 20%, an emulsion of perfluorodecalin and perfluorotripropylamine, was studied in nine non-critically ill patients with cancer who had liver lesions. US studies without Fluosol were compared with studies obtained 24, 48, and 72 hours after Fluosol infusion. Vital signs and extensive laboratory analyses are performed before and after Fluosol infusion. Liver metastases from colonic, pancreatic, and gastric carcinoma exhibited rim or diffuse enhancement after a Fluosol dose of 1.6 g/kg or greater. Fluosol produced echogenic enhancement of the liver and spleen relative to kidney at a dose of 2.4 g/kg, allowing the detection of nonenhancing lesions. In addition, Fluosol at a dose of 1.6 g/kg or greater allowed detection of lesions not seen before contrast medium was administered in three of the seven patients studied. There was a mild increase in the level of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in two patients, one given 2.4 and the other 3.2 g/kg of Fluosol. Mild and transient allergic reactions without change in vital signs were experienced by two patients. 相似文献
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Dohle GR; Ramos L; Pieters MH; Braat DD; Weber RF 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(3):620-623
Male genital tract obstructions may result from infections, previous
inguinal and scrotal surgery (vasectomy) and congenital bilateral absence
of the vas deferens (CBAVD). Microsurgery can sometimes be successful in
treating the obstruction. In other cases and in cases of failed surgical
intervention, the patient can be treated by microsurgical or percutaneous
epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA, PESA) or testicular sperm extraction
(TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We present the results
of 39 ICSI procedures for obstructive azoospermia in 24 couples. The
aetiology of the obstruction was failed microsurgery in 11 patients, CBAVD
in nine and genital infections in four. Sperm retrieval was accomplished
via MESA in four cases, PESA in 18 cases and via TESE in 11 cases. TESE was
only applied when PESA failed to produce enough spermatozoa for
simultaneous ICSI. In six patients, the ICSI procedure was performed with
cryopreserved spermatozoa after an initial PESA procedure. Fertilization
occurred in 47% of the metaphase II oocytes; embryo transfer was performed
in 92% of procedures and resulted in a clinical pregnancy in 13/39
procedures. Ongoing pregnancy was achieved in 10/39 procedures. One
pregnancy was terminated early after prenatal investigation showed a
cytogenetic abnormality (47,XX+18, Edwards syndrome). The other nine
pregnancies resulted in the live birth of 10 children, without any
congenital abnormalities. Epididymal and testicular retrieved spermatozoa
were successfully used for ICSI to treat obstructive azoospermia, and
resulted in an ongoing pregnancy in 10 of 24 couples (41.6%) after 39 ICSI
procedures, a success rate of 25.6% per treatment cycle and of 27.7% per
embryo transfer.
相似文献
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The main purpose of the study was to compare the efficiency of the Fishbein and Ajzen and the Triandis models to predict (1) the intention to participate regularly in some physical activities during free time within a 3-week period and (2) the exercise behavior within these 3 weeks among a group of 166 subjects, aged 22 to 65 years. Our results show that the Triandis model was as efficient as the Fishbein and Ajzen model in predicting the exercise behavior. However, the results obtained from the Triandis model demonstrate the importance of the habit of exercising in predicting the exercise behavior. Moreover, the Triandis model was superior to the Fishbein and Ajzen model in explaining behavioral intention. Of particular interest was the salience of the affective, social, and personal belief components of the Triandis model. In addition, from a practical perspective, this comparative study showed that (1) to exercise regularly is perceived as hard work, and (2) individuals believe that it is their own responsibility to exercise or not to exercise. 相似文献