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1.
National Programme of Research in Human Reproduction S.K. Banerjee R. Baveja R.V. Bhatt A. Chatterjee S.D. Choudhury B. Coyaji A.D. Engineer M.P. Gogoi V. Hingorani K. Lal M. Kochhar U. Krishna P. Misra F.S. Philips R. Rajan P.C. Sen Gupta K. Zaveri S. Datey S. Gupta S. Mehta N.C. Saxena B.N. Saxena 《Contraception》1986,34(6):573-582
The return of fertility following discontinuation of norethisterone oenanthate (NET EN) 200 mg injectable contraceptive after use for a minimum period of six months or more was studied in 69 women who discontinued the method for planning pregnancy. Former users of copper intra-uterine device (CuT 200) were enrolled as a control group. Another 161 women who had discontinued NET EN due to other reasons (e.g. amenorrhoea, excessive bleeding or personal reasons) were also studied for return of fertility after ensuring that they were not using any other method of contraception and were exposed to the risk of pregnancy. The subjects from both groups were followed for a period of one year. The cumulative conception rates at one year were 72.5 and 83.6 per 100 subjects for ex-NET EN and ex-CuT 200 users who had discontinued the method for planning pregnancy and this difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The median time for conception for ex-NET EN users was 7.8 months as compared to 3.7 months in ex-CuT 200 users but the cumulative conception rates at the end of one year show that future return of fertility in NET EN users does not appear to be adversely affected.
In 51 subjects who had discontinued NET EN due to amenorrhoea, the return of fertility was predictably slower and less. The return of fertility in subjects who discontinued NET EN for other reasons (e.g. excessive bleeding and other personal reasons) was similar to ex-NET EN and ex-CuT 200 users. 相似文献
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3.
Anita MacDonald Dr Sandra Warrington Chairman Professional Development Committee 《Journal of human nutrition and dietetics》1990,3(2):71-77
At the present time, there are many fundamental issues coming from the Department of Health or from other national organizations, which will have an effect on the future development of the dietetic profession. The British Diatetic Association (BDA) Professional Development Committee will consider these issues, as and when appropriate, and will publish the information in the form of Briefing Papers.
The first Briefing Paper on 'Quality Assurance' was published by the BDA in November 1989. The second on 'Measuring clinical outcome' is published below. In each case the opinion of BDA members and specialist groups has been sought and the Professional Development Committee wishes to thank individuals and the specialist groups for their comments.
The Briefing Papers are intended to provide information and promote discussion among the membership. I would welcome further comments from readers, which may be directed to the British Dietetic Association Office. 相似文献
The first Briefing Paper on 'Quality Assurance' was published by the BDA in November 1989. The second on 'Measuring clinical outcome' is published below. In each case the opinion of BDA members and specialist groups has been sought and the Professional Development Committee wishes to thank individuals and the specialist groups for their comments.
The Briefing Papers are intended to provide information and promote discussion among the membership. I would welcome further comments from readers, which may be directed to the British Dietetic Association Office. 相似文献
4.
United Nations Children''s Fund 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1991,58(1):13-24
Abridged version of “Strategy for Improved Nutrition of Children and Women in Developing Countries”, a UNICEF Policy Review, UNICEF, New York, 1990, 36 pages. Reproduced with permission from UNICEF. 相似文献
5.
Sally J Wellard RN BA Renal Cert MN Colleen Rolls RN RM Child Hlth Cert BAppSc Grad Dip Child Development MEdSt de Sales Ferguson RN BA BEd MN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,21(4):737-742
An Australian school of nursing's attempt to introduce an evaluation process required by management for clinical educators involved in undergraduate preregistration education is discussed Reliance on student feedback and clinical agencies' perceptions of the quality of teaching were seen as inadequate mechanisms for evaluation The evaluation process adopted incorporated observation of the educators together with self-reflection on their performance We conclude that post-briefings were poorly used and generally not reflective Educators relied heavily on their clinical skills and used a limited range of teaching strategies Whilst evaluation of clinical educators was time consuming and therefore costly, it is argued that it is essential to the integrity of the course The evaluation process has provided direction for support and development of clinical educators within the context of the curriculum 相似文献
6.
目的:研究重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(rh-aFGF)对兔创伤的促愈合作用。方法:采用兔背部刀割伤模型,将rh-aFGF溶液隔日一次滴注于创面,用创面照像、透明膜描记称量法记录伤后第4、8、12、16天创面面积,用注水法测量伤腔容积,伤后第8、16天取创面组织,观察创面的病理学变化,包括肉芽组织生长与再上皮化情况。结果:rh-aFGF可明显加速兔皮肤创伤的愈合,使创面面积明显缩小(P<0.05),使伤腔容积明显减少(P<0.05)。组织学检查:rh-aFGF组创面伤后8天成纤维细胞生长活跃、数量多,其毛细血管胚芽与成纤维细胞数量显著多于对照组;伤后16天,创面收缩与再上皮化明显,新生上皮向创面中心爬行较快。结论:rh-aFGF对兔背部刀伤创面有明显的促修复作用。 相似文献
7.
Genes encoding the common gonadotrophin subunit and folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)-specific ß subunit wereisolated from a DNA library derived from human fetal liver cells,and inserted into separate expression vectors containing a selectable/amplifiablegene. These vectors were inserted into the genome of the Chinesehamster ovary cell line, resulting in expression of large amountsof biologically active human (h)FSH. This cell line was culturedon microcarrier beads in a large-scale bioreactor. hFSH in thecell culture supernatant was purified to homogeneity by a multistepprocess. The mature ß subunit had seven fewer aminoacid residues than reported in the literature and three otherdifferences were found in the sequence. Similar oligosaccharidestructures were present on recombinant (r)-hFSH and a purifiedurinary (u)-hFSH preparation. In-vitro and in-vivo, the biologicalactivities of u- and r-hFSH were indistinguishable, r-hFSH wasformulated in ampoules containing 75 IU FSH activity ( 7.5 µgFSH), which accounts for >99% of the protein content of thepreparation. Studies in non-human primates and human volunteersshowed the pharmacokinetics of u- and r-hFSH to be similar.In healthy volunteers, r-hFSH stimulated follicular developmentand induced significant increases in serum oestradiol and inhibin.Clinical experience with r-hFSH has shown it is more effectiveat stimulating ovarian follicle growth than urinary gonadotrophins.It is also effective at initiating spermatogenesis when giventogether with human chorionic gonadotrophin. 相似文献
8.
Stark AR Carlo WA Tyson JE Papile LA Wright LL Shankaran S Donovan EF Oh W Bauer CR Saha S Poole WK Stoll BJ;National Institute of Child Health Human Development Neonatal Research Network 《The New England journal of medicine》2001,344(2):95-101
BACKGROUND: Early administration of high doses of dexamethasone may reduce the risk of chronic lung disease in premature infants but can cause complications. Whether moderate doses would be as effective but safer is not known. METHODS: We randomly assigned 220 infants with a birth weight of 501 to 1000 g who were treated with mechanical ventilation within 12 hours after birth to receive dexamethasone or placebo with either routine ventilatory support or permissive hypercapnia. The dexamethasone was administered within 24 hours after birth at a dose of 0.15 mg per kilogram of body weight per day for three days, followed by a tapering of the dose over a period of seven days. The primary outcome was death or chronic lung disease at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. RESULTS: The relative risk of death or chronic lung disease in the dexamethasone-treated infants, as compared with those who received placebo, was 0.9 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.8 to 1.1). Since the effect of dexamethasone treatment did not vary according to the ventilatory approach, the two dexamethasone groups and the two placebo groups were combined. The infants in the dexamethasone group were less likely than those in the placebo group to be receiving oxygen supplementation 28 days after birth (P=0.004) or open-label dexamethasone (P=0.01), were more likely to have hypertension (P<0.001), and were more likely to be receiving insulin treatment for hyperglycemia (P=0.02). During the first 14 days, spontaneous gastrointestinal perforation occurred in a larger proportion of infants in the dexamethasone group (13 percent, vs. 4 percent in the placebo group; P=0.02). The dexamethasone-treated infants had a lower weight (P=0.02) and a smaller head circumference (P=0.04) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. CONCLUSIONS: In preterm infants, early administration of dexamethasone at a moderate dose has no effect on death or chronic lung disease and is associated with gastrointestinal perforation and decreased growth. 相似文献
9.
Shankaran S Laptook AR Ehrenkranz RA Tyson JE McDonald SA Donovan EF Fanaroff AA Poole WK Wright LL Higgins RD Finer NN Carlo WA Duara S Oh W Cotten CM Stevenson DK Stoll BJ Lemons JA Guillet R Jobe AH;National Institute of Child Health Human Development Neonatal Research Network 《The New England journal of medicine》2005,353(15):1574-1584
10.
目的 编制适用于我国12~35月龄幼儿的睡眠状况评估量表,评价其信度、效度和可行性,为评估中国幼儿睡眠情况提供适宜的评估工具。 方法 建立条目池,通过头脑风暴法、德尔菲法和预调查对条目进行初筛和修改。采用抽样调查方法,2019年7-11月从全国6个社区、6个乡镇和两家睡眠门诊选择12~35月龄幼儿看护人进行现场调查,共收回有效问卷551份。采用项目分析、效度分析、信度分析、可行性和验证性因子分析对量表进行评价。 结果 幼儿睡眠状况评估量表(12~35个月)包含睡眠节律、夜醒情况、入睡行为、日间嗜睡,睡眠呼吸和异态睡眠6个因子20个条目,累积解释变异量为55.55%。所有条目的内容效度指数介于0.83~1.00。量表入睡潜伏期、夜醒次数、睡眠时间3个条目与简明婴儿睡眠问卷呈正相关(r=0.41、0.69、0.42,P<0.001)。除日间嗜睡外,社区幼儿量表总分以及其他5个因子得分均低于门诊幼儿(P<0.05)。量表总Cronbach's α系数为0.72,两周重测信度为0.84,完成率为92.6%。验证性因子分析结果显示,量表的因子结构模型较为合理、稳定。 结论 量表具有较好的信度效度,可以区分不同幼儿的睡眠状况,有助于及早发现幼儿的睡眠问题。 相似文献