Gammarus pulex as a Model Organism to Assess the Residual Toxicity of Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treated by Electrocoagulation Process

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - It was assessed the efficiency of the electrocoagulation (EC) in slaughterhouse wastewater (SW) treatment by using antioxidant parameters of...     

Correlation of hernia with portal cirrhosis

Summary 1. A series of 66 consecutive male cirrhotic and 130 consecutive male noncirrhotic patients were studied with respect to the incidence of hernia, and a reevaluation was made of the role played by ascites.2. Hernias occurred in 25 (38 per cent) of 66 cirrhotic patients, but in only 12 (9 per cent) of 130 noncirrhotic patients. This difference was statistically highly significant.3. In the 25 cirrhotic patients with hernia, 11 (44 per cent) had no history of ascites, while at least 23 (92 per cent) had no ascites prior to the onset of hernia. In 12 cirrhotic patients with both hernia and ascites, the dates of onset of hernia and of ascites were studied. These subjects accounted for 15 hernias, 14 of which preceded ascites by 2 to 30 years. Only one hernia appeared to have developed simultaneously with the accumulation of the intra-abdominal fluid, but this was a recurrence of an old hernia. The data do not support the concept that ascites is the cause of hernia in patients with cirrhosis.4. The implications of these observations are discussed. The suggestion is made that portal cirrhosis and hernia are the results of an inherent systemic mesenchymal defect.I wish to thank Drs. H. Tumen, John E. Deitrick, W. Paul Havens, Jr., M. Beiler, and I. Sher for their helpful comments and suggestions, and Dr. H. Menduke for the statistical analysis of the results.