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Colette N. Miller Srujana Rayalam 《Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews》2017,20(1):38-53
People living in regions of low socioeconomic status are thought to be prone to higher exposures to environmental pollutants, poor nutrition, and numerous preventable diseases and infections. Poverty correlates with pollution and malnutrition; however, limited studies examined their interrelationship. The well-studied, deleterious health effects attributed to environmental pollutants and poor nutrition may act in combination with produce more severe adverse health outcomes than any one factor alone. Deficiencies in specific nutrients render the body more susceptible to injury which may influence the pathways that serve as the mechanistic responses to ambient air pollutants. This review (1) explores specific micronutrients that are of global concern, (2) explains how these nutrients may impact the body’s response to ambient air pollution, and (3) provides guidance on designing animal models of nutritional deficiency. It is likely that those individuals who reside in regions of high ambient air pollution are similarly malnourished. Therefore, it is important that research identifies specific nutrients of concern and their impact in identified regions of high ambient air pollution. 相似文献
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Bidya Dhar Sahu Srujana Tatireddy Meghana Koneru Roshan M. Borkar Jerald Mahesh Kumar Madhusudana Kuncha Srinivas R. Shyam Sunder R. Ramakrishna Sistla 《Toxicology and applied pharmacology》2014
Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity has been well documented, although its underlying mechanisms and preventive strategies remain to be investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of naringin, a bioflavonoid, on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and to elucidate the potential mechanism. Serum specific renal function parameters (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) and histopathology of kidney tissues were evaluated to assess the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Renal oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants), inflammatory (NF-kB [p65], TNF-α, IL-6 and MPO) and apoptotic (caspase 3, caspase 9, Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and DNA fragmentation) markers were also evaluated. Significant decrease in mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase and mitochondrial redox activity indicated the gentamicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Naringin (100 mg/kg) treatment along with gentamicin restored the mitochondrial function and increased the renal endogenous antioxidant status. Gentamicin induced increased renal inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), nuclear protein expression of NF-κB (p65) and NF-κB-DNA binding activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were significantly decreased upon naringin treatment. In addition, naringin treatment significantly decreased the amount of cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and p53 protein expression and increased the Bcl-2 protein expression. Naringin treatment also ameliorated the extent of histologic injury and reduced inflammatory infiltration in renal tubules. U-HPLS-MS data revealed that naringin co-administration along with gentamicin did not alter the renal uptake and/or accumulation of gentamicin in kidney tissues. These findings suggest that naringin treatment attenuates renal dysfunction and structural damage through the reduction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis in the kidney. 相似文献
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Mourant JR Dominguez J Carpenter S Short KW Powers TM Michalczyk R Kunapareddy N Guerra A Freyer JP 《Journal of biomedical optics》2006,11(6):064024
We have conducted an extensive comparison of cellular biochemical composition obtained from infrared and Raman spectra of intact cells with measurements using standard extraction and chemical analysis (including NMR), and flow cytometric assay on fixed cells. Measurements were conducted on a rat fibroblast carcinogenesis model consisting of normal and tumorigenic cells assayed as exponentially growing and plateau-phase cultures. Estimates of protein, DNA, RNA, lipids, and glycogen amounts were obtained from a previous publication in which vibrational spectra were fit to a set of basis spectra representing protein, DNA, RNA, lipids, and glycogen. The Raman spectral estimates of absolute cellular composition were quite similar to the independent biochemical and flow cytometric assays. The infrared spectra gave similar results for protein, lipid, and glycogen but underestimated the DNA content while overestimating the RNA level. When ratios of biochemical concentrations in exponential and plateau-phase cultures were examined, the Raman spectroscopic results were the same, within errors, as the independent methods, in all cases. Several changes in relative biochemical composition due to tumorigenic and proliferative status previously reported using vibrational spectroscopy were confirmed by the independent methods. These results demonstrate that vibrational spectroscopy can provide reliable estimates of the biochemical composition of mammalian cells. 相似文献
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Kola S Koneti NR Golla JP Akka J Gundimeda SD Mundluru HP 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》2011,412(23-24):2232-2236
BackgroundJAG1 is an evolutionarily conserved ligand for Notch receptor and functions in the cell fate decisions, cell–cell interactions throughout the development of heart especially right heart development. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is essentially a right sided heart disease with characteristic features of ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, aortic dextroposition and right ventricular hypertrophy. Hence, the present study was investigated to identify mutations of JAG1 gene in an Indian cohort of patients with TOF.MethodsThe clinical data and blood samples from 84 unrelated subjects with TOF were collected and evaluated in comparison with 87 healthy individuals. PCR based single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and subsequent bidirectional DNA sequencing of conformers was carried in the exon 6 of JAG1 gene.ResultsThe DNA sequences aligned with NCBI-BLAST led to the identification of four novel variations including one nonsense 765 C>A, two missense 814 G>T, 834 G>T; and one silent alteration 816 G>T in TOF patients. The protein structure of JAG1 predicts that these variations effect first and second epidermal growth factor like repeat and might disturb ligand-receptor binding ability. The presence of similar variations was not observed in healthy controls. The software CLUSTAL-W showed the inter species conservation of altered amino acids in missense mutations.ConclusionDisease-associating novel JAG1 gene variations were found in TOF patients, and seem to play an important role in the causation of the disease. 相似文献
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Sreekanth Thota Srujana Vallala Rajeshwar Yerra Daniel Alencar Rodrigues Eliezer J. Barreiro 《Medicinal chemistry research》2016,25(10):2127-2132
The synthesis and characterization of ruthenium complexes (Ru-1–Ru-6) of the type [Ru(R)2(K)]2+ (where R?=?1,10-phenanthroline/2,2′-bipyridyl and K?=?acetyl coumarin-inh, pyrazole-tch, acetyl coumarin-tsz, are described. These ligands form bidentate octahedral ruthenium complexes. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of the complexes measurement against the human cancer T-lymphocyte cell lines. In vitro evaluation of these title complexes revealed cytotoxicity from 0.34 to 1.4?µg/mL against CEM, 0.28 to 1.8?µg/mL against L1210, 0.44 to 2.5?µg/mL against Molt4/C8, 0.98 to 1.6?µg/mL against HL60, and 0.66 to 1.4?µg/mL against BEL7402. Ruthenium complexes Ru-5 & Ru-6 showed that quite significant anticancer activities over standard drugs. 相似文献