A forensic nursing protocol for initiating human immunodeficiency virus post-exposure prophylaxis following sexual assault

The use of human immunodeficiency virus post-exposure prophylaxis (HIV PEP) should be considered in the care of sexual assault patient populations. In order to effectively implement HIV PEP following sexual assault, healthcare providers need to have a working knowledge of HIV transmission risk factors following a sexual exposure and protocols for initiating HIV PEP. Being able to implement evidence-based practices that address each of these factors is paramount to successful prevention of HIV transmission following a sexual assault exposure. Most healthcare practitioners, however, lack the specialized knowledge needed to address these issues in the expeditious manner necessitated by a potential HIV exposure. Implications: This paper is designed to provide healthcare providers with a basic understanding of HIV transmission risk factors and the knowledge and skills needed to effectively implement HIV PEP following a sexual assault exposure.     

Use and Safety Perceptions Regarding Herbal Supplements: A Study of Older Persons in Southeast Idaho

No abstract available for this article.     

Sexual assault evidence collection more accurate when completed by sexual assault nurse examiners: Colorado''s experience

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine if sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) provide more effective evidence collection compared with non-SANE-trained nurse and physician colleagues. METHODS: Five hundred fifteen audits were completed by crime laboratory analysts on sexual assault evidence kits submitted to the Colorado Bureau of Investigation from October 1999 to April 2002. RESULTS: Of 515 evidence kits audited, 279 were completed by SANEs. Non-SANE physicians and nurses completed 236 kits. Evidence kits collected by SANEs were more likely to have a completed chain of custody (92%) compared with 81% of non-SANE-collected kits. SANEs also were more likely to have properly sealed individual specimen envelopes (91% vs 75%), to have labeled the individual specimen envelopes (95% vs 88%), and to have collected the appropriate amount of pubic hair (88% vs 74%) and head hair (95% vs 80%). SANEs more frequently included the appropriate number of blood tubes (95% vs 80%), collected the appropriate amount of swabs (88% vs 71%), and included a vaginal fluid slide for sperm motility (87% vs 72%). Both groups prepared slides at a high rate for each penetrated orifice (87% vs 90%) and both had a high rate of including the crime laboratory report in the completed kit (97% vs 93%). DISCUSSION: Studies such as this provide documentation that evidence collection kits prepared by SANEs are more accurate and complete when compared with evidence collection kits prepared by non-SANE nurses and physicians. Additional studies are needed to further validate the efficacy of SANE-completed evidentiary examinations.