维生素C分光光度分析法的研究——Ⅰ.用新显色剂2,5-二硝基苯酚作分光光度测定片剂中维生素C的含量

本文报道2,5-二硝基苯酚在0.5mol/L氢氧化钠介质中及在40℃恒温水浴中加热15min的条件下与维生素C作用生成红色还原产物,其最大吸收波长位于500nm。维生素C浓度介于0.03～0.1mg/ml之间服从比耳定律,其mol吸光系数为3.2×10~3L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),Sandell灵敏度为0.055μg/cm~2。红色还原产物的色泽可稳定24h。本法曾用于药物片剂中维生素C含量的测定获得满意结果。     

Findings From a Community Survey of Individuals Who Engage in Pup Play

Archives of Sexual Behavior - This study presents findings from a community survey on pup play. Pup play is a kink activity and a form of role play that is growing in popularity internationally,...     

Patient education in Parkinson's disease: Formative evaluation of a standardized programme in seven European countries

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a newly developed education programme for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS: The programme consisted of eight sessions and aimed at improving knowledge and skills related to self-monitoring, health promotion, stress management, depression, anxiety, social competence, and social support, all with special reference to PD. The programme was formatively evaluated in seven European countries (Spain, Finland, Italy, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Estonia, Germany) with 151 patients diagnosed with idiopathic PD. The evaluation included patients' ratings of the comprehensibility and feasibility of the programme as well as mood ratings before and after each session. Patients also completed questionnaires at the beginning and end of the programme to explore possible changes in disease-related psychosocial problems, quality of life, and depression. RESULTS: The programme was feasible to run, and patients were able to understand its elements. Patients reported mood elevations following individual sessions and reduced disease-related psychosocial problems after completing the programme. There were no substantial differences in results between cultures. CONCLUSION: Patient education appears to have potential as a useful and feasible intervention, complementing medical treatment in PD. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The present programme will soon be available in seven European languages and can be tested in different health care systems.     

The effects of dietary niacin and riboflavin on voluntary intake and metabolism of ethanol in rats.

The effects of dietary deficiency and excess of niacin and riboflavin on voluntary drinking of 10% (v/v) ethanol were studied in male rats. The effectiveness of dietary deficiency and excess of both niacin and riboflavin on tissue levels of these vitamins was demonstrated by measurements of urinary N1-methylnicotinamide and blood glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) activity. A high-niacin diet containing 75 mg niacin/kg food decreased ethanol intake by about 36% compared to the control diet containing 15 mgniacin/kg. Niacin or riboflavin deficiency and a high-riboflavin diet containing 40 mg rtary levels of niacin or riboflavin did not influence on ethanol elimination rate or levels of blood acetaldehyde during ethanol oxidation. Therefore, blood acetaldehyde was not responsible for the decreased ethanol intake of rats fed with a high-niacin diet. It was concluded that the increased ethanol intake caused by dietary deprivation of B-vitamin complex found in earlier studies is not a result of deficiency of niacin or riboflavin but niacin may be involved in the decrease in ethanol drinking, which follows dietary B-vitamin complex supplementation.     

Evaluation of interleukin-1 and -6 in the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic osteoporosis and osteopenia in children

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to determine whether serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1and IL-6 correlate with indices of bone mineral metabolism in children with idiopathic osteoporosis and osteopenia. MATERIAL/METHODS: The study comprised 62 patients aged 6-18 years (20 with idiopathic osteoporosis, 22 with idiopathic osteopenia, and 20 controls). In 10 children, investigations were repeated after one year of treatment. Serum concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), as well as IL-6 and its soluble receptor (IL-6sR) were determined by the ELISA method. In patients with decreased bone mass, selected calcium-phosphorus metabolism indices and bone turnover markers were assessed. RESULTS: Higher values of IL-6 were recorded in those with idiopathic osteoporosis than in controls (2.79 vs. 1.43; p<0.05). In these patients there was also a tendency towards higher values of IL-6sR (p=0.05). IL-1alpha and IL-1beta were not markedly elevated in any of the patients. No significant differences between groups regarding IL-1ra were observed. Negative correlation between IL-6, IL-1alpha, cytokine/receptor indices, and spinal bone mineral density was determined. Positive correlation was found between IL-alpha, IL-1/IL-1ra, and parathormon as well as between IL-1alpha, IL-6sR, and bone formation markers.markers. Increase in bone mass after treatment was accompanied by a decrease in IL-6sR. CONCLUSIONS: The higher serum levels of IL-6 in children with idiopathic osteoporosis/osteopenia and the decrease in IL-6sR after treatment reveal an involvement of IL-6 in the etiopathogenesis of these disturbances. The results suggest that IL-1 may also participate in the primary decrease of bone mass in children.     

Woolly hair in tricho-dento-osseous syndrome

Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome (TDOS) is a rare ectodermal dysplasia caused by mutations in the DLX3 gene and it is not usually included as a cause of syndromic woolly hair. We present a new case of TDOS with a novel DLX3 variant and woolly hair.     

Phosphoethanolamine-complexed C-reactive protein: a pharmacological-like macromolecule that binds to native low-density lipoprotein in human serum

BACKGROUND: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a cytosolic enzyme encoded by a housekeeping X-linked gene whose main function is to produce NADPH, a key electron donor in the defence against oxidizing agents and in reductive biosynthetic reactions. Many variants of G6PD have been described, mostly produced from missense mutations, with wide ranging levels of enzyme activity and associated clinical symptoms. METHOD: A single base extension assay is used, yielding a single base difference of the extended products. Primers are designed to amplify products of different sizes with distinct fluorescent dyes in order to accurately distinguish all possible combinations of genotypes (homozygous and heterozygous for each mutation) in a multiplex PCR analysis. RESULTS: We present the first application of a multiplex multicolour assay to detect 15 of the most frequent G6PD-related mutations in Spain, which are studied in three multiplex reactions. Capillary electrophoresis analysis of the amplified products enables easy, rapid, unambiguous and high-resolution discrimination between wild-type and mutant alleles, even though various mutations may be present in the multiplex analysis. CONCLUSION: The analytical method described herein offers greater diagnostic power in Spanish and Mediterranean populations and would facilitate automated genotyping in routine molecular diagnostics and large-scale genetic studies (e.g., newborn screening programs).     

Clinical course and etiologic factors of sepsis in children from different age groups

The analysis was performed of aetiological factors and clinical course of sepsis in children admitted to the Institute of Pediatrics of Medical University of ?ód? in 1995-1998. Staphyloccocus epidermidis was the most frequently found pathogen in neonates, whereas Neisseria meningitidis in infants and children over 1 year. Candida sp. was responsible for 25% of sepsis in infants. The severity of the disease correlated significantly with increased leucocytosis and shift to the left in the white cell profile as well as elevated levels of bilirubin and transaminases, especially GOT. Lower correlations were found between severity of clinical course and coagulological disturbances or inflammatory changes in the spinal cerebral fluid.