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1.
Karen Kayser Ariel Washington Lesley M. Harris Barbara Head 《Journal of psychosocial oncology》2021,39(1):17-34
Abstract
Purpose
Financial hardship can be a major cause of distress among persons with cancer, resulting in chronic stress and impacting physical and emotional health. This paper provides an analysis of the lived experience of cancer patients’ financial hardship from diagnosis to post-treatment. 相似文献2.
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Elizabeth A. Mosley PhD MPH Amy J. Schulz PhD MPH MSW Lisa H. Harris MD PhD Barbara A. Anderson PhD 《Women & health》2020,60(7):806-820
ABSTRACT Abortion is legal in South Africa, but negative abortion attitudes remain common and are poorly understood. We used nationally representative South African Social Attitudes Survey data to analyze abortion attitudes in the case of fetal anomaly and in the case of poverty from 2007 to 2016 (n = 20,711; ages = 16+). We measured correlations between abortion attitudes and these important predictors: religiosity, attitudes about premarital sex, attitudes about preferential hiring and promotion of women, and attitudes toward family gender roles. Abortion acceptability for poverty increased over time (b = 0.05, p < .001), but not for fetal anomaly (b = ?0.008, p = .284). Highly religious South Africans reported lower abortion acceptability in both cases (Odds Ratio (OR)anomaly = 0.85, p = .015; ORpoverty = 0.84, p = .02). Premarital sex acceptability strongly and positively predicted abortion acceptability (ORanomaly = 2.63, p < .001; ORpoverty = 2.46, p < .001). Attitudes about preferential hiring and promotion of women were not associated with abortion attitudes, but favorable attitudes about working mothers were positively associated with abortion acceptability for fetal anomaly ((ORanomaly = 1.09, p = .01; ORpoverty = 1.02, p = .641)). Results suggest negative abortion attitudes remain common in South Africa and are closely tied to religiosity, traditional ideologies about sexuality, and gender role expectations about motherhood. 相似文献
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Jennifer J. Schoch Reesa L. Monir Kerrie G. Satcher Jessica Harris Eric Triplett Josef Neu 《Pediatric dermatology》2019,36(5):574-580
Recent focus on the neonatal intestinal microbiome has advanced our knowledge of the complex interplay between the intestinal barrier, the developing immune system, and commensal and pathogenic organisms. Despite the parallel role of the infant skin in serving as both a barrier and an interface for priming the immune system, large gaps exist in our understanding of the infantile cutaneous microbiome. The skin microbiome changes and matures throughout infancy, becoming more diverse and developing the site specificity known to exist in adults. Delivery method initially determines the composition of the cutaneous microbiome, though this impact appears transient. Cutaneous microbes play a critical role in immune system development, particularly during the neonatal period, and microbes and immune cells have closely intertwined, reciprocal effects. The unique structure of newborn skin influences cutaneous microbial colonization and the development of dermatologic pathology. The development of the infantile skin barrier and cutaneous microbiome contributes to future skin pathology. Atopic dermatitis flares and seborrheic dermatitis have been linked to dysbiosis, while erythema toxicum neonatorum is an immune response to the establishment of normal bacterial skin flora. Physicians who care for infants should be aware of the impact of the infantile skin microbiome and its role in the development of pathology. A better understanding of the origin and evolution of the skin microbiome will lead to more effective prevention and treatment of pediatric skin disease. 相似文献
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Background
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness that affects the client, family, and community. Nurses are educated to use the nurse-patient relationship to provide health education and collaborative health decision-making. However, challenges abound for nurses and clients with schizophrenia to effectively utilize the relationship to reach these goals.Problem
There is a lack of evidence-based information to assist nurses to meet the challenges of building effective therapeutic relationships with clients for whom schizophrenia hinders health education and decision-making.Purpose
To examine current research findings on factors that influence therapeutic relationships in psychiatric treatment settings as an initial effort to provide empirically based guidance for psychiatric nurses who seek to better use the relationship to work with the client toward health-related goals.Method
This integrative review of the literature follows Whittemore and Knafl's (2015) method, analyzes 15 studies from multiple databases between the years 2006–2017, and assesses the rigor of each.Findings
Numerous methods are used to assess therapeutic relationships. Few studies included nurses. Provider perception of client symptoms can negatively affect provider assessment of quality of relationship; no such association was found on the part of clients. Providers and clients prioritize client needs differently, with providers influenced by treatment setting demands, but provider-training programs can have a beneficial effect on their relationships.Conclusion
Nurses and nurse educators can use the findings to guide assessment of how perceptions and priorities influence relationships. Findings also provide the foundation for further study of nurses' perceptions of therapeutic relationship, in progress, to yield more detailed information on what nurses and educators need to strengthen therapeutic relationships. 相似文献9.
Maria Ricci Agostino Chiaravalloti Alessandro Martorana Giacomo Koch Vincenzo De lucia Gaetano Barbagallo Orazio Schillaci 《Annals of nuclear medicine》2020,34(4):254-262
The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of the epsilon phenotype in brain glucose consumption in a population with Alzheimer’s disease. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8) was used to investigate differences in brain glucose consumption (as detectable by means of 18F FDG-PET/CT) in the population examined. A total of 129 patients (72 females and 57 males) with a diagnosis of probable AD according to the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria underwent the PET/CT examination. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 70 (± 7) years; the mean Mini-Mental State Examination was 19(± 5.6). 59 expressed epsilon 4 phenotype (E4) and 70 expressed the epsilon 3 phenotype (E3). Cerebral spinal fluid amyloid, tau, and t-tau have been measured resulting equal to 367.4 (± 149.1), 584.7 (± 312.1), and 79.2(± 45.9) pg/ml, respectively. Patients with confirmed amyloid and Tau changes were classified as AD. Patients with amyloid changes but negative Tau, considered as high risk of AD, were classified as IAD. Age, sex, MMSE, scholarship, and CSF parameters were used as a covariate in the SPM analyses. We did not find significant differences in age, gender, and MMSE and CSF parameters among groups. In the analysis of the AD group as compared to AD-E3, AD-E4 subjects show a significant reduction of brain glucose consumption in inferior frontal gyrus bilaterally (BA 45, BA 47). In the analysis of the IAD group as compared to IAD-E3, IAD-E4 subjects show a significant reduction of brain glucose consumption in right in medial, middle, and superior frontal gyrus (BA10, BA11), and in left medial and middle frontal gyrus (BA10, BA11). The differences between IAD-E3 and AD-E3 and between IAD-E4 and AD-E4 (and vice versa analysis) resulted not significant. APO-e4 is related to a major involvement of the frontal cortex confirming its role of risk factor in AD, while APO-3 seems not related to a specific pattern, supporting the hypothesis of neutral/protective role in AD. 相似文献
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