生后人肺神经内分泌细胞的形态学观察—免疫组织化学及电镜研究

用银染色法、免疫组织化学及透射电镜技术，对３６例人肺的神经内分泌细胞进行了形态学和免疫组织化学观察。提示ＮＥ细胞发生了废用性退化，其原因可能与出生前后人肺功能改变有关。     

The prevalence of stroke and related risk factors among residents aged ≥ 40 years in Chongqing,Southwest China

Journal of Public Health - China bears the largest global stroke burden, yet little is known about its rates in Chongqing, southwest China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and related risk...     

形态心电图标准在原有束支阻滞伴宽QRS波群心动过速鉴别诊断中的特异性评价

为探讨形态心电图标准是否适用原有束支阻滞（ＢＢＢ）或心肌梗塞患者合并宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速的鉴别诊断,选择窦性心律呈ＢＢＢ的患者２０５例［左束支阻滞（ＬＢＢＢ）４５例、右束支阻带（ＲＢＢＢ）１６０例］,分析形态心电图标准用于鉴别宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速的特异性。胸导联ＱＲＳ波群图形一致、胸导联无ＲＳ型;ＲＢＢＢ时任一胸导联ＲＳ时限＞１００ｍｓ,Ｖ１导联单向（Ｒ）或双向（ｑＲ、ＱＲ、ＲＳ）、呈左兔耳征,Ｖ６导联或ａＶＦ导联Ｑ波,Ｖ６导联Ｒ／Ｓ＜１;ＬＢＢＢ时,Ｖ１、Ｖ２导联ｒ波时限＞３０ｍｓ,Ｖ１、Ｖ２导联Ｓ波降支钝挫,Ｖ６导联或ａＶＦ导联ｑ（Ｑ）波等１２条特异性较高。ＱＲＳ波群时限＞１４０ｍｓ;ＲＢＢＢ时电轴重度左、右偏,ａＶＦ导联Ｒ／Ｓ＜１;ＬＢＢＢ时Ｖ１、Ｖ２导联ＲＳ时限＞６０ｍｓ,Ⅰ导联负向ＱＲＳ波群,Ｖ４较Ｖ１导联Ｓ波振幅更深等７条特异性较低。心肌梗死合并宽ＱＲＳ波群心动过速时采用上述标准鉴别诊断有一定局限。     

Multicenter phase II study of apatinib,a novel VEGFR inhibitor in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer

Apatinib is an oral, highly potent tyrosine‐kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR2. Phase I study showed the recommended dose of 750 mg/day with substantial antitumor activity. This phase II study aims to evaluate the optimum dose level for the efficacy and safety of apatinib monotherapy in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) in China. Phase IIa was first performed among 25 patients previously treated with anthracycline and/or taxane. All patients received apatinib 750 mg/day p.o. in a 4‐week cycle. Subsequently, a phase IIb study of 59 patients was activated, with the endpoint progression‐free survival (PFS). The dosage of drug for the Phase IIb was determined according to safety, tolerability and efficacy from the phase IIa study. As a result of toxicity associated with the 750 mg dose in phase IIa, the recommended initial dose of apatinib in the phase IIb was 500 mg/day. In phase IIb, grade 3/4 hematologic toxicities were thrombocytopenia (13.6%), leukopenia (6.8%), neutropenia (3.4%) and anemia (1.7%). The most frequent grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities were hand–foot syndrome, proteinuria, hypertension, and increased ALT. In the 56 evaluable patients, overall response rate and clinical benefit rate (CBR) were 10.7 and 25.0%, respectively. Median PFS and overall survival were 3.3 (95% CI 1.7–5.0) and 10.6 (95% CI 5.6–15.7) months, respectively. Our results indicate that apatinib dose of 500 mg rather than 750 mg is the recommended starting dose for the heavily pretreated mTNBC patients with measurable rate of partial response and PFS.     

Magnetic-Field-Induced Improvement of Photothermal Sterilization Performance by Fe3O4@SiO2@Au/PDA Nanochains

Due to the abuse of antibiotics, the sensitivity of patients to antibiotics is gradually reduced. This work develops a Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Au/PDA nanochain which shows an interesting magnetic-field-induced improvement of its photothermal antibacterial property. First, SiO₂ was wrapped on Fe₃O₄ nanospheres assembled in a chain to form a Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ nanocomposite with a chain-like nanostructure. Then, the magnetic Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Au/PDA nanochains were prepared using in situ redox-oxidization polymerization. Under the irradiation of an 808 nm NIR laser, the temperature rise of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Au/PDA nanochain dispersion was obvious, indicating that they possessed a good photothermal effect. Originating from the Fe₃O₄, the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Au/PDA nanochain showed a typical soft magnetic behavior. Both the NIR and magnetic field affected the antimicrobial performance of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Au/PDA nanochains. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were used as models to verify the antibacterial properties. The experimental results showed that the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Au/PDA nanochains exhibited good antibacterial properties under photothermal conditions. After applying a magnetic field, the bactericidal effect was further significantly enhanced. The above results show that the material has a broad application prospect in inhibiting the growth of bacteria.     

芬太尼和利多卡因对异丙酚静脉麻醉作用的比较

目的：比较芬太尼和利多卡因对异丙酚催眠作用的影响。方法：160例择期手术病人分为三组，分别采用靶控输注异丙酚（P组，n=30）、异丙酚－芬太尼（PF组,n=52）或异丙酚－利多止因（PL组，n=78）全静脉麻醉。芬太尼和利多卡因目标血药浓度分别为2μg/L、4mg/L。术中行无创血液动力学监测和脑电监测，记录麻醉剂用量及麻醉恢复情况。应用高效液相色谱测定异丙酚、利多卡因血药浓度，放免法测定芬太尼血药浓度。结果：与P组相比，PF组、PL组麻醉诱导意识消失时异丙酚用量ED90、ED50无显著性差异，意识消失时异丙酚血药浓度Cp90和Cp50均明显降低，异丙酚麻醉维持用量分别降低29．9％、23．9％（P＜0．05）。PF组气管插管、切皮前后收缩压（SP）、舒张压（DP）无明显改变，P组、PL组升高，以P组明显（P＜0．05）。三组异丙酚、芬太尼和利多卡因预测误差（PE）、预测误差绝对值的中位数（MDAPE）和预测误差的中位数（MDPE）无明显差异。结论：芬太尼、利多卡因对异丙酚催眠剂量－反应曲线表现为相加作用，浓度－反应曲线表现为协同作用，此差异可能与药代动力学影响有关。芬太尼、利多卡因能减少异丙酚用量，抑制气管插管、切皮的血液动力学反应，以芬太尼作用明显。     

Prognostic significance of clinical characteristics and 18Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography quantitative parameters in patients with primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma

ObjectivePrimary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) lacks standard treatment regimens. This study aimed to identify the disease’s clinical features and prognostic factors.MethodsThis retrospective study included 56 patients with PMBCL. Patient demographic details and clinicopathological characteristics were summarized, and their effects on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.ResultsThe median patient age was 29 years (range, 14–56). Twenty-two patients received DA-EPOCH-R (dose-adjusted etoposide, vincristine, and doxorubicin for 96 hours with bolus doses of cyclophosphamide and oral prednisone, as well as rituximab), and 34 patients received R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone). Clinical/laboratory parameters, overall response rates, and 5-year PFS and OS rates did not differ between the treatment groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that late-stage disease and a higher International Prognostic Index (IPI) were associated with shorter PFS and OS. Furthermore, patients with B symptoms and first-line treatment non-responders exhibited worse OS. ¹⁸Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography quantitative parameters, such as higher metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), were corrected with shorter PFS.ConclusionsThis study revealed that stage IV disease, higher IPI, and B symptoms were poor prognostic factors in patients with PMBCL. Significantly, higher MTV and TLG portended worse PFS.     

博尔纳病毒P24转染后不同时期核酸和蛋白的表达及细胞定位

目的通过观察博尔纳病毒(borna disease virus,BDV)磷蛋白(P24)及其编码核酸不同时期的表达和细胞定位,探索BDV潜伏感染的机制。方法构建包含BDV GFP-P24质粒的OL细胞模型,检测并比较不同时期P24核酸和蛋白的表达;对构建的OL细胞模型和各种阴性对照进行逆转录原位PCR的检测,观察P24蛋白编码核酸的细胞定位;使用倒置荧光显微镜观察OL细胞中P24蛋白的细胞定位。结果成功构建了含BDV GFP-P24质粒的OL细胞,发现转染后20代以内细胞P24核酸和蛋白的表达差异不显著(P>0.05);BDV的P24重组蛋白基因始终定位于细胞核,其蛋白早期在细胞核出现,反复传代约15次后可同时在细胞核和细胞质内出现。结论BDV的重组蛋白P24在病毒感染过程中起关键作用,其编码基因始终存在于宿主细胞核内,但表达的蛋白可以在一定时期通过核膜进入细胞质。     

博尔纳病毒核蛋白的原核表达、纯化及鉴定

目的 构建、表达、并纯化重组博尔纳病毒核蛋白(Borna disease vires,BDV),并鉴定该蛋白.方法 通过PCR反应从博尔纳病毒cDNA中扩增博尔纳病毒核蛋白P40基因,构建博尔纳病毒核蛋白P40基因重组质粒pET-14b-BD-VP40,转化大肠杆菌,IPTG诱导融合蛋白的表达,His-tag亲和层析纯化该蛋白,SDS-PAGE分析其表达量、表达形式和纯度;Western-blot法鉴定该蛋白.结果 成功构建蓖组质粒pET-14b-BDVP40,酶切鉴定、核酸序列分析正确,亲和层析纯化后纯度可达90%,Western-blot表明重组蛋白能与博尔纳病毒核蛋白单克隆抗体特异性结合.结论 在大肠杆菌中成功表达了可溶性的pET-14b-BDVP40融合蛋白,为进一步研究博尔纳病毒核蛋白作用机制及开发相应血清学检测试剂盒提供基础.