Über die Gewebsspalten der Niere

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 5 Abbildungen im Text.     

The role of target muscles in the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide mRNA in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus.

Previous studies have shown that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) mRNA steady-state levels and CGRP immunoreactivity in motoneurons of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) are inversely related to the gonadal steroid environment in male rats. Since both the SNB motoneurons and their target muscles, the bulbocavernosus and the levator ani, are steroid sensitive, gonadal steroids may act at either site to regulate CGRP expression. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that gonadal steroids influence CGRP expression in SNB motoneurons through their effects on the bulbocavernosus and levator ani muscles. We determined the levels of alpha-CGRP mRNA and immunoreactive CGRP in SNB motoneurons of adult male rats following injection of the bulbocavernosus with muscle extracts from bulbocavernosus/levator ani of castrated rats, paralysis of the bulbocavernosus or pudendal nerve cuts. Following injection of the bulbocavernosus/levator ani with extracts from castrated rats, the level of CGRP expression and the number of SNB motoneurons with alpha-CGRP message were increased. These studies suggest that the bulbocavernosus/levator ani muscles from castrated rats produce a factor that increases levels of CGRP. Injections of extract prepared from the bulbocavernosus and levator ani muscles of gonadally intact rats did not change the expression of alpha-CGRP mRNA in the SNB. Paralysis of the bulbocavernosus/levator ani with a local anesthetic increased the number of SNB motoneurons expressing alpha-CGRP mRNA and CGRP immunoreactive neurons. To determine whether nerve damage accounted for the observed effects following injection of anesthetic, the pudendal nerves were cut bilaterally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

In situ saphenous vein bypass grafts: angiographic evaluation and interventional repair of complications

In situ saphenous vein grafts are being used with increasing frequency for bypass procedures involving the femoral and popliteal arteries. Complications of these procedures include anastomotic stenoses and persistent arteriovenous fistulae that may result in failure of the graft. Balloon angioplasty and embolotherapy with detachable balloons were employed successfully in three or four recent cases of patients with complications from in situ grafts. Tailored angiography is essential for evaluating in situ grafts, and interventional techniques are extremely useful for managing complications.     

Pulmonary involvement in tuberous sclerosis

The authors present a case of tuberous sclerosis with marked pulmonary involvement, confirmed by both radiological and pathological studies. The radiological manifestations and basic pathology of this rare condition are reviewed with emphasis on differential diagnosis.     

Über Dermatoskopie bei Finsendruckbestrahlung der normalen Haut des Menschen

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 5 Textabbildungen