Correction to: Longitudinal associations of physical fitness and affect with depression,anxiety and life satisfaction in adult women with fibromyalgia

Quality of Life Research -     

Effects of Classic Progressive Resistance Training Versus Eccentric-Enhanced Resistance Training in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Objective

To compare the effects of classic progressive resistance training (PRT) versus eccentric strength-enhanced training (EST) on the performance of functional tests and different strength manifestations in the lower limb of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Average spectral power changes at the hippocampal electroencephalogram in schizophrenia model induced by ketamine

The use of ketamine (Ket) as a pharmacological model of schizophrenia is an important tool for understanding the main mechanisms of glutamatergic regulated neural oscillations. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate Ket‐induced changes in the average spectral power using the hippocampal quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG). To this end, male Wistar rats were submitted to a stereotactic surgery for the implantation of an electrode in the right hippocampus. After three days, the animals were divided into four groups that were treated for 10 consecutive days with Ket (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg). Brainwaves were captured on the 1st or 10th day, respectively, to acute or repeated treatments. The administration of Ket (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg), compared with controls, induced changes in the hippocampal average spectral power of delta, theta, alpha, gamma low or high waves, after acute or repeated treatments. Therefore, based on the alterations in the average spectral power of hippocampal waves induced by Ket, our findings might provide a basis for the use of hippocampal QEEG in animal models of schizophrenia.     

Spinal adrenal cortical adenoma with oncocytic features: report of the first intramedullary case and review of the literature

Ectopic adrenal cortical neoplasms are extremely rare, and only a few have involved the CNS. We report the first case of an intramedullary oncocytic adrenal cortical neoplasm of the spinal cord with immunohistochemical (IMHC) confirmation. A 27-year-old man presented with progressive lower extremity weakness, spastic paraparesis, decreased reflexes, and hypoesthesia below T10. A spinal myelogram showed cauda equina blockade and obliteration of sacral nerve roots. This prompted emergent surgical intervention. A well-circumscribed, approximately 3 x 2 cm, light brown to tan, intramedullary tumor was identified at the level of the conus medullaris. Histologically, the tumor showed sheets and nests of plump, cytologically bland polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. A single mitosis, but no necrosis, was identified. By IMHC, the cells were positive for inhibin, melan-A, and synaptophysin, and negative for GFAP, EMA, cytokeratins, S-100, HMB-45, and chromogranin. Electron microscopy study performed from paraffin-embedded tissues demonstrated abundant mitochondria, and lipid vacuoles. This case confirms the occurrence of adrenal cortical neoplasms in the CNS and is the first report of an intradural, intramedullary adrenal cortical adenoma of the spinal cord, and the first to occur in a male. This tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tumors of the CNS.     

Dosimetry of hip irradiation for the prevention of heterotopic bone formation after arthroplasty

Purpose: The dosimetry of hip irradiation for the prevention of heterotopic bone formation following arthroplasty is complicated by the use of custom shielding in the treatment portal, and the fact that irradiation is usually required during a 48 hour period following surgery. Both the machine output and depth dose factors of the resulting fields are modified by the presence of the shielding blocks. A simplified dosimetric approach, based on correction factors for both the output and depth dose as a function of field geometry is presented for various megavoltage energy beams.

Materials and Methods: Measurements of relative dose factors (RDF) and percentage depth dose (PDD) were carried out for different combinations of field size, block size and separation between adjacent blocks. Both RDF and PDD measurements were made in a water phantom. Ratios of RDF and PDD were obtained by dividing individual measurements or curves by the corresponding values for the open field (i.e., without blocks). The average values of these ratios constitute the correction factors to be applied for a given MU or treatment time calculation.

Results: Extensive RDF and PDD measurements reveal that for the field and block dimensions of interest the correction factors for RDF can be parameterized as a function of separation between two adjacent blocks and beam energy alone and the depth correction factors are additionally only a function of depth. The correction factors for depth dose are equally valid for fixed source-skin distance techniques (that use PDD) and fixed source-axis distance techniques (that use TMR).

Conclusion: A simple model for the calculation of output in hip irradiation is presented for the situation where the use of computer-based algorithms may not be practical. The model accurately predicts the RDF of the treatment portal to within 2% and the PDD to within 2% for the range of field sizes, block sizes, block gaps and beam energies of interest ignoring other variables.     

A review of 25-year experience of nasal septal perforation repair

OBJECTIVE: To report the long-term follow-up of 25 years of experience in 100 consecutive cases of septal perforation (SP) repair using the technique of the senior author (F.P.). DESIGN: From 1981 to 2006, a total of 100 consecutive patients were surgically treated and followed up for 1 to 10 years. The medical records of 68 of the patients were retrospectively examined. Outcomes were assessed based on comparison of the results of preoperative and last follow-up assessment of SP size and symptoms. The SP repair technique consists of subperichondrial/periosteal dissection, rotation of nasal mucosa for tension-free closure, with no mucosa incision if possible, and a multilayer closure with interposition graft. RESULTS: The most common symptoms were nasal obstruction (72%), crusts (50%), and epistaxis (31%). Previous nasal surgery was the pathogenetic factor in 39 cases (57%). Fifty-two patients (76%) presented with SPs measuring 1.0 to 3.0 cm in diameter. The internal approach was used in 54 cases (79%), and temporal muscle fascia and conchal cartilage were concomitantly used in 45 cases (66%). The great majority of patients (40 [59%]) received more than 5 years of follow-up. The success rate of closure was 97%. Two patients (3%) presented with reperforation measuring less than 1.0 cm in diameter. CONCLUSIONS: The senior author's SP repair technique is easily accomplished, provides good visualization, and is low in cost. Also, in our experience, the success rate of closure has been 97%.