A diagnostic algorithm for male genital oedema

Male genital oedema can be defined as swelling or the appearance of swelling of the scrotum and/or the penile shaft and prepuce. Despite the various causes of genital oedema reported in the published work, a concise approach to the evaluation and management has not been sufficiently addressed.     

Carbohydrate availability of arroz caldo with lambda-carrageenan

Total available carbohydrate (sugars and starches) and total dietary fiber (soluble and insoluble) make up the total carbohydrate content of a food. Soluble fiber decreases the availability of glucose by delaying its absorption in the proximal small intestine, thus reducing the postprandial glucose levels (Jenkins et al., 1978; Schneeman, 1987a). Carrageenan, a seaweed extract, is a good source of soluble fiber (Monta?o et al., 1985). This study aimed to determine the effect of carrageenan incorporation into arroz caldo on carbohydrate availability by monitoring the postprandial blood glucose levels of normal subjects. Control and experimental arroz caldo samples were prepared and subjected to proximate analysis and feeding studies. The total dietary fiber (TDF) content of the experimental (2.03%) was about thrice that of the control (0.68%). Using randomized crossover design, preweighed 55 g available carbohydrate serving portions of control and experimental arroz caldo samples, with 3.45 and 14.84 g TDF, respectively, were fed to ten fasting normal subjects then their postprandial blood glucose levels were determined at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min intervals. Results of the short-term in vivo study showed that the mean postprandial glycaemic responses of subjects after consuming the experimental sample were significantly lower than the levels after consuming the control at 15, 45, and 90 min (P < or = 0.05) and at 30 min (P < or = 0.001). Likewise, the mean glucose area under the curve was significantly lower (P < or = 0.01) after consumption of experimental (69.22 +/- 32.94) arroz caldo than control (147.29 +/- 53.34). The hypoglycaemic effect of carrageenan may prove useful in the prevention and management of metabolic conditions such as diabetes.     

Reduction of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits and decrease of expressions of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in foam cells by a water-soluble fraction of Polygonum multiflorum

Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside （PMS） is a water-soluble fraction of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. , one of the most famous tonic traditional Chinese medicines, that has protective effects on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the effects of PMS on macrophage-derived foam cell functions and the reduction of severity of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic New Zealand White （NZW） rabbits. NZW rabbits were fed for 12 weeks with a normal diet, a high cholesterol diet, or a high cholesterol diet associated with irrigation with different doses of PMS （25, 50, or 100 mg/kg）. Treatment of NZW rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet with 100 mg/kg PMS attenuated the increase in plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and plasma triglyceride. Treatment with 50 and 100 mg/kg PMS caused 43% and 60% decrease in atherosclerotic lesioned area ratio to total surface area, respectively. In U937 foam cells, PMS could decrease the high expression of intercellular adhesion molecule （ICAM）-1 protein and the vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） protein levels in the medium induced by oxidized lipoprotein when analyzed by flow cytometry. The results proved that PMS is a powerful agent against atherosclerosis and that PMS action could possibly be through the inhibition of the expression of ICAM-1 and VEGF in foam cells.     

常见妇科疾病引起的雌激素水平变化与骨转换的关系

女性常见的妇科疾病如子宫内膜异位症、子宫内膜癌、乳腺癌、Sheehan综合征等,其病程中体内雌激素水平变化,直接或间接地影响骨转换水平,导致骨量变化。本文研究不同疾病状态下,疾病本身因素或手术及药物治疗对女性卵巢功能和雌激素水平的影响,从而影响骨转换率,导致继发性骨质疏松。有助于预防和治疗女性激素相关性骨量下降和骨质疏松,提高女性患者的生活质量。     

β-catenin，c-myc和Cyclin D1在胰腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的研究β-catenin异常表达、c-myc和Cyclin D1的高表达与胰腺癌发生、浸润、转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测5例正常胰腺组织和40例胰腺癌及13例相应癌旁组织中β-catenm、c-myc和Cyclin D1的表达。结果 5例正常胰腺组织及13例胰腺癌旁组织中β-catenin为正常表达,c-myc和Cyclin D1阴性表达,40例胰腺癌组织中25例有β-catenin的异常表达(25／40,62．5％),20例(20／40,50％)有c-myc的高表达,23例(23／40,57．5％)有Cyclin D1的高表达。β-catenin的异常表达率与淋巴结转移、浸润及病理分级相关(P<0.05),c-myc和Cyclin D1的高表达与分化程度,浸润,转移及病理分级无关,β-catenin的异常表达与c-myc的阳性表达不相关,而与Cyclin D1的阳性表达相关。结论β-catenin的异常表达可能主要是通过激活Cyclin D1引起细胞增殖,导致肿瘤的发生。     

玻片法单人份免疫分型试剂盒在白血病诊断中的应用

0引言白血病免疫分型是指用已知的单克隆抗体(单抗)鉴定细胞表面或胞质内的分化抗原的方法.该方法的临床应用有利于白血病的鉴别及诊断.我们采用单人份免疫分型试剂盒对128例白血病患者进行了免疫分型.     

Rice varieties with similar amylose content differ in starch digestibility and glycemic response in humans

Three high-amylose rice varieties, IR42, IR36, and IR62, with similar chemical composition including amylose content (26.7-27.0%), were cooked under the same conditions and tested for in vitro digestibility as well as blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy human volunteers. The starch-digestion rate and the glycemic and insulin responses were the highest in IR42, followed by IR36 and, then IR62. The differences were not due to unabsorbed carbohydrate but were related to their physicochemical properties, such as gelatinization temperature, minimum cooking time, amylograph consistency, and volume expansion upon cooking. When the three varieties were cooked for their minimum cooking time, they had the same degree of gelatinization and their starch-digestion rates and glycemic responses were similar. We conclude that amylose content alone is not a good predictor of starch-digestion rate or glycemic response. Rice varieties with similar high-amylose contents can differ in physicochemical (gelatinization) properties and this, in turn, can influence starch digestibility and blood glucose response.     

退行性腰椎侧凸与骨质疏松症的关系探讨

目的探讨退行性腰椎侧凸（degenerativelumbarscoliosis,DIS）与骨质疏松症（osteoporosis,OP）两者之间的关系。方法选取2006年6月-2010年6月来我院就诊的DIS患者58例及对照组（非腰椎侧凸的腰痛患者）58例,对DIS组Cobb’s角进行测量,并采用双能x线吸收法检测两组患者腰椎（k～L4）、股骨颈、股骨粗隆和Ward’s三角区骨密度T值,分析患者年龄、Cobb’s角与骨密度T值的相关性。结果DIS组平均骨密度T值为-2．7±1．8,合并OP45例,发病率为77．59％;对照组平均骨密度T值为-1．3±1．0,合并OP8例,发病率为13．79％,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。相关分析显示,DIS患者T值与年龄呈正相关（r=-0．318,P〈0．01）,与侧凸Cobb’s角无关。结论OP是DLS发病的危险因素,同时年龄越大OP程度越重,但与DLS进展程度无关。临床DLS治疗时要考虑到OP的影响。