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排序方式: 共有143条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Olgierd Pucilowski W. Danysz D.H. Overstreet A.H. Rezvani B. Eichelman D.S. Janowsky 《Brain research bulletin》1991,26(4):621-625
The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) of rats has been selectively bred to have increased sensitivity to cholinergic agonists. However, these rats exhibit altered responsiveness to a number of noncholinergic agents, such as apomorphine, buspirone and ethanol. This study compared the FSL and control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats in terms of their hyperthermic response to the phencyclidine (PCP) receptor agonist, MK-801 (0.2 mg/kg SC) and their MK-801 binding characteristics. We have found that FSL rats react with a delayed hyperthermia, having a significantly lower hyperthermia for the first 120 min of observation. Thereafter the response does not differ in FSL and FRL rats. Both groups had similar affinities and numbers of [3H]MK-801 binding sites in the hippocampus/cerebral cortex. Pretreatment with scopolamine (1 mg/kg SC) failed to affect MK-801-induced hyperthermia in either line of rats. These findings suggest that selective breeding of FSL rats attenuated the secondary mechanisms involved in the PCP receptor-mediated hyperthermic response. However, by itself cholinergic supersensitivity does not appear to be a major factor in the blunted responsiveness of FSL rats to MK-801. 相似文献
2.
The effect of the novel 1,4-dihydronaphthyridine Ca2+ channel inhibitor Goe 5438 (CI-951) on voluntary ethanol consumption was examined in selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats in a free choice two bottle preference test versus water. Intraperitoneally injected Goe 5438 dose-dependently (5, 10 or 20 µmol/kg, twice daily) inhibited ethanol and increased water intake over the 24 h period (injection day). The drug decreased ethanol preference, originally above 90%, by 6%, 19% and 45% at respective doses, on the injection day. That inhibitory effect of the highest dose of Goe 5438 on ethanol preference remained significant also on days 2 and 3 after injections (–51% and –18%, respectively). Goe 5438, in the highest dose, also tended to decrease granulated chow consumption during the injection day only. To further test whether the inhibition of ethanol preference is secondary to decrease in reinforcing properties of ethanol and not due to interference with satiety mechanisms, we compared the effect of two higher doses (10 and 20 µmol/kg, intraperitoneally, twice daily) of Goe 5438 on spontaneous preference for a non-caloric 0.04% saccharin solution in Sprague-Dawley rats. We observed a dose-dependent suppression of preference (by 44% and 58%, respectively) during the injection day, but not the subsequent 24 h period. However, Goe 5438 also significantly alleviated food pellet intake on the injection day. In conclusion, Goe 5438 produces potent and long-lasting inhibition of voluntary ethanol consumption, which may be secondary to attenuation of reinforcing properties of ethanol. Additionally, this particular Ca2+ channel inhibitor appears to have mild anorectic properties which may be conducive to acute suppression of alcohol intake. 相似文献
3.
Tadeusz Włostowski Paweł Kozłowski Barbara Łaszkiewicz-Tiszczenko Ewa Oleńska Olgierd Aleksandrowicz 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2014,93(5):526-531
The objectives of this study were (1) to determine cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the midgut gland of a land snail Helix pomatia L. inhabiting residential areas of the 14 largest cities in Poland, and (2) to examine whether the accumulated Cd exerted any toxic effects. The average accumulation of Cd in the midgut gland of snails, weighing 16–18 g, ranged from 7.00 to 87.3 µg/g dry weight (0.06–0.77 µmol/g) and differed significantly among animals from the various urban areas. This difference in Cd accumulation was not related to city population, but was associated with the topsoil Cd (R2 = 0.868, p < 0.0001). The tissue Cd was not found to produce toxicity (histopathology, programmed cell death, lipofuscin formation or lipid peroxidation), probably due to the induction of sufficiently high quantities of metallothionein and glutathione, well-known protective molecules. 相似文献
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Aleksandrowicz A 《Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública》2000,16(4):893-902; discussion 903-24
This paper comments on Sokal and Bricmont's stance towards interdisciplinary approaches between the human and natural sciences, as stated in their controversial book Impostures Intellectuelles (Fashionable Nonsense) (1999). It happens that interdisciplinary is a subject of major importance to "new paradigms" in Public Health. First, the paper identifies different types of interaction between these "two cultures", such as transdisciplinary trends and the "Science Wars", and emphasizes their unproductive aspects. Second, it proposes a re-evaluation of pragmatism as a suitable way of including philosophical considerations in interdisciplinary Public Health research, exemplified by a correlation between the ideas of Henri Atlan (1991) and notions of risk theory (or model). 相似文献
6.
Localization and clinical characteristics of the ocular metastases of solid tumours are presented. Choroid is the most common localization site of these metastases, however they may involve each ocular structure. In the most cases they are diagnosed in patients with earlier recognized cancer, but in 12-40% of the patients ocular metastasis is a first sign of the neoplasm. Therapy is focused to save the eye function or last but not least to improve patient's status. 相似文献
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9.
P Pirazzoli F Zappulla F Bernardi M P Villa D Aleksandrowicz A Scandola P Stancari A Cicognani E Cacciari 《Archives of disease in childhood》1978,53(3):235-238
Twenty-two prepubertal children with unilateral cryptorchidism were treated. None had undergone previous medical or surgical to modify the abnormal position of the testes, all of which were located inthe inguinal canal. Treatment was with luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) nasal spray given for 7 days. 9 boys insufflated 100 microgram LH-RH in each nostril 6 times per 24 hours (1200 microgram/24 h); the remaining 13 boys insufflated 500 microgram 12-hourly (1000 microgram/24 h). An LH-RH test (500 microgram IV) was carried out before and after therapy. Full descent of the testis into the scrotum was obtained in 7 out of the 22 cases; in a further 6 cases the testis moved down the inguinal canal. Basal values of luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone and those for pituitary reserve remained unchanged before and after therapy, and were similar to the values of a control group. No correlation was found between response to therapy and bone age, testosterone level in serum, basal values or pituitary reserve of luteinising hormone or follicle-stimulating hormone. 相似文献
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